Qatar: Perbedaan antara revisi

{{Qatar infobox}}

 

 

Setelah berada di bawah kekuasaan [[Kekaisaran Utsmaniyah|Utsmaniyah]], Qatar menjadi [[protektorat Inggris]] pada awal abad ke-20 hingga merdeka pada tahun 1971. Qatar dipimpin oleh [[Keluarga Thani]] sejak awal abad ke-19. [[Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani|Syekh Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani]] adalah pendiri Qatar. Qatar merupakan negara monarki dan kepala negaranya saat ini adalah Emir [[Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani]]. Qatar dapat disebut sebagai negara [[monarki konstitusional]]<ref name=BBC9Sep05>BBC News, [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/3784765.stm ''How democratic is the Middle East?''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210211002901/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/3784765.stm |date=2021-02-11 }}, 9 September 2005.</ref><ref name=USState2011>United States Department of State [http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/186656.pdf Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2011: Qatar] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170520205158/https://www.state.gov/documents/organization/186656.pdf |date=2017-05-20 }}, 2011.</ref> maupun [[monarki absolut]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/160077.pdf|title=US State Dept's Country Political Profile - Qatar|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=|access-date=|archive-date=2017-05-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170502085511/https://www.state.gov/documents/organization/160077.pdf|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name=ftManage>{{cite news|last=Gardener|first=David|url=https://www.ft.com/content/2e141faa-dd82-11e2-a756-00144feab7de|title=Qatar shows how to manage a modern monarchy|publisher=[[Financial Times]]|access-date=2017-06-07|archive-date=2021-02-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224183440/https://www.ft.com/content/2e141faa-dd82-11e2-a756-00144feab7de|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name=ciaw>{{cite news|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2128.html#qa|title=The World Factbook|publisher=[[CIA Factbook]]|access-date=2017-06-07|archive-date=2012-02-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120207225832/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2128.html#qa|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref name=cangov>{{cite news|url=http://www.canadainternational.gc.ca/qatar/bilateral_relations_bilaterales/index.aspx?lang=eng&pedisable=true|title=Canada – Qatar Bilateral Relations|publisher=[[Government of Canada]]|access-date=2017-06-07|archive-date=2021-02-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225094525/https://www.canadainternational.gc.ca/qatar/bilateral_relations_bilaterales/index.aspx?lang=eng&pedisable=true|dead-url=no}}</ref> tergantung opini. Pada tahun 2003, konstitusi baru disetujui oleh 98% penduduk.<ref name="electionguide.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.electionguide.org/results.php?ID=341|title=IFES Election Guide - Elections: Qatar Referendum Apr 29 2003|website=www.electionguide.org|accessdate=5 June 2017|archive-date=2020-05-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200513193632/http://www.electionguide.org/results.php?ID=341|dead-url=yes}}</ref><ref name="princeton.edu">{{cite web|url=https://www.princeton.edu/~pcwcr/reports/qatar2003.html|title=Qatar 2003|website=www.princeton.edu|accessdate=5 June 2017|archive-date=2017-10-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010092106/https://www.princeton.edu/~pcwcr/reports/qatar2003.html|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Awal tahun 2017, total populasi Qatar mencapai 2,6 juta jiwa: 313.000 warga negara Qatar dan 2.3 juta [[ekspatriat]].<ref name=pop>{{cite web |url=http://priyadsouza.com/population-of-qatar-by-nationality-in-2017/ |title=Population of Qatar by nationality - 2017 report |accessdate=7 February 2017 |archive-date=2018-11-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181122162153/http://priyadsouza.com/population-of-qatar-by-nationality-in-2017/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>