Anjing semak: Perbedaan antara revisi

Anjing semak adalah satu-satunya [[spesies]] [[Takson monotipik|yang hidup]] dalam [[genus]] '''''Speothos''''', dan bukti genetik menunjukkan bahwa kerabat terdekatnya yang masih hidup adalah [[Serigala bersurai|serigala jantan]] di Amerika Selatan bagian tengah <ref name="Wayne1997">{{Cite journal|last=Wayne|first=R. K.|displayauthors=etal|date=1997|title=Molecular systematics of the Canidae|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_systematic-biology_1997-12_46_4/page/622|journal=Systematic Biology|volume=46|issue=4|pages=622–653|doi=10.1093/sysbio/46.4.622|pmid=11975336}}</ref> atau [[Anjing liar afrika|anjing liar Afrika]] . <ref name="Nyakatura2012">{{Cite journal|last=Nyakatura|first=K.|displayauthors=etal|date=2012|title=Updating the evolutionary history of Carnivora (Mammalia): a new species-level supertree complete with divergence time estimates|journal=BMC Biology|volume=10|issue=12|page=12|doi=10.1186/1741-7007-10-12|pmc=3307490|pmid=22369503}}</ref> Spesies ini terdaftar sebagai Hampir Terancam oleh IUCN. <ref name=":0">{{Citation|last=Beisiegel|first=B.M.|title=First camera trap record of bush dogs in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil|date=2009|journal=Canid News|volume=12.5|url=https://canids.org/canidnews/12/Bush_dogs_in_Sao_Paulo.pdf|access-date=2024-03-12}}</ref> <ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=Heft|first=Jeremy|date=June 12, 2021|title=How Do Dogs Help With Bush Dog Conservation|url=https://wolfcenter.org/how-do-dogs-help-with-bush-dog-conservation/|website=WolfCenter.org|publisher=Wolf Education and Research Center|access-date=April 2, 2023}}</ref> <ref name=":2">{{Cite web|last=DeMatteo|first=Karen|title=Using a survey of carnivore conservationists to gain new insight into the ecology and conservation status of the bush dog|url=https://www.canids.org/canidnews/11/Bush_dog_data_survey.pdf|website=Canids.org|publisher=SSC Canid Specialist Group|access-date=April 2, 2023}}</ref>

Anjing semak kawin sepanjang tahun; [[Siklus estrus|estrus]] berlangsung hingga dua belas hari dan terjadi setiap 15 hingga 44 hari. <ref name="Porton1987">{{Cite journal|last=Porton|first=Ingrid J.|displayauthors=etal|date=1987|title=Aseasonality of bush dog reproduction and the influence of social factors on the estrous cycle|url=https://repository.si.edu/bitstream/handle/10088/8471/Porton1987.pdf|journal=Journal of Mammalogy|volume=68|issue=4|pages=867–871|doi=10.2307/1381569|jstor=1381569}}</ref> Seperti banyak anjing lainnya, perkawinan anjing semak mencakup ikatan sanggama, di mana hewan-hewan tersebut dikurung bersama. <ref name="Porton1987" /> [[Buang air kecil|Penandaan urin]] memainkan peran penting dalam perilaku pra-sanggama mereka. <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Porton|first=Ingrid J.|date=1983|title=Bush dog urine-marking: Its role in pair formation and maintenance|url=https://www.academia.edu/download/42072203/Bush_dog_urine_marking_its_role_in_pair_20160204-28712-sj3r2h.pdf|journal=Animal Behaviour|volume=31|issue=4|pages=1061–1069|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231218020902/https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/42072203/Bush_dog_urine_marking_its_role_in_pair_20160204-28712-sj3r2h-libre.pdf?1454614223=&response-content-disposition=inline%3B+filename%3DBush_dog_urine_marking_Its_role_in_pair.pdf&Expires=1702868863&Signature=g8MRK~ajHR94R6wjYscHgXgYNGtzu0v9mOUKQn5Mnl-lo72gROTbl~KOqoSUAoHDf2rQmrSklIj30nYrWgBIpA7Rx1AEQvkfkF9julSOH7rOAAn6cykVGL5dhHJyth1hn8IMC2u~Hetx7JIyxvfBDPjYhvgPulY4OVb1~GbucP1vnttzojvXWkIGep1YPplaCDPO3nWdB3AmK78I~oweoQMONeDmJ5tK6UugN8~-OzhDNqkirkLiyoQornOeuKkoLtYNn0L7VRkpaYkszddv0G-~AzS4m2xsSYKOY7a3r5DCfszdaSYsx1L9J-yyQyi9Xhkk~VHhmDeEryezuDilFw__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA <!--Sorry that's so long, but the only way to IA this was to snarf it from the CDN from behind the paywall, and the CDN balked when any URL parameters were removed.-->|archive-date=December 18, 2023}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kleiman|first=Devra G.|date=1972|title=Social behavior of the maned wolf (''Chrysocyon brachyurus'') and bush dog (''Speothos venaticus''): A study in contrast|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-mammalogy_1972-11_53_4/page/791|journal=Journal of Mammalogy|volume=53|issue=4|pages=791–806|doi=10.2307/1379214|jstor=1379214}}</ref>

[[Gestasi|Kehamilan]] berlangsung dari 65 hingga 83 hari dan biasanya menghasilkan kelahiran tiga hingga enam anak, meskipun telah dilaporkan kelahiran anak yang lebih besar hingga 10 anak. <ref name="Beiseigel2005">{{Cite journal|last=de Mello Beiseigel|first=B.|last2=Zuercher|first2=G. L.|date=2005|title=''Speotheos venaticus''|journal=Mammalian Species|issue=783|pages=<!-- 783: pp. -->1–6|doi=10.1644/783.1}}<cite class="citation journal cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFde_Mello_BeiseigelZuercher2005">de Mello Beiseigel, B.; Zuercher, G. L. (2005). </cite></ref> Anak-anaknya terlahir buta dan tidak berdaya dan awalnya memiliki berat {{Convert|125|to|190|g}} . Mata terbuka setelah 14 hingga 19 hari dan anak-anak anjing pertama kali keluar dari kandang kelahiran segera setelahnya. <ref name="Beiseigel2005" /> Anak-anaknya disapih sekitar empat minggu dan mencapai kematangan seksual pada satu tahun. <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Bekoff|first=M.|displayauthors=etal|date=1981|title=Life-history patterns and sociality in canids: Body size, reproduction, and behavior|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_oecologia_1981-09_50_3/page/386|journal=Oecologia|volume=50|issue=3|pages=386–390|bibcode=1981Oecol..50..386B|doi=10.1007/BF00344981|pmid=28309059}}</ref> Mereka bisa hidup hingga 10 tahun di penangkaran. <ref name="Beiseigel2005" />