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'''Harta Kârun''' adalah nama yang diberikan kepada koleksi artefak yang terdiri atas 363 barang berharga peninggalan masyarakat [[Lidia (Anatolia)|Lidia]] dari sekitar abad ke-7 Pramasehi dan ditemukan di [[Provinsi Uşak]], kawasan barat Turki, yang diperebutkan oleh [[Turki]] dan [[Museum Seni Metropolitan|Museum Seni Rupa Metropolitan New York]] antara tahun 1987 sampai 1993, dan akhirnya dipulangkan ke Turki pada tahun 1993 sesudah pihak Museum Seni Rupa Metropolitan New York mengaku tahu bahwa barang-barang tersebut adalah barang curian pada waktu melakukan pembelian. Nama lain bagi koleksi ini adalah ''Khazanah Lidia''. Artefak-artefak tersebut kini terpajang di [[Museum Arkeologi Uşak]].
Koleksi ini kembali santer diberitakan pada bulan Mei 2006 ketika salah satu artefak penting, yakni kerongsang [[Hippokampos|hipokampos]] emas, yang terpajang di Museum [[Uşak]] bersama artefak lainnya yang menjadi bagian dari koleksi ini, didapati sudah diganti dengan [[pelancungan|tiruan]]nya, diduga kuat antara bulan Maret sampai bulan Agustus 2005.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/5027074.stm | title = Croesus riches replaced by fakes|author=| date = 29 May 2006|publisher=[[British Broadcasting Corporation]]| accessdate=29 Mei 2006}}</ref><!--
Koleksi ini juga disebut "Harta Kroisos". Meskipun kurang lebih sezaman dengan [[Kroisos]], dapat tidaknya artefak-artefak tersebut dikatkan secara langsung dengan Raja Lidia legendaris itu masih menjadi pokok perdebatan. KekayaanBeberapa Kroisoskebudayaan hadAsia repercussionsjuga onmengenal atokoh numberhartawan oflegendaris [[Asia]]ndengan culturesketenaran inyang asetaraf veindengan similarKroisos todi hisdalam famekebudayaan in the western culturesEropa, and is referred to either asyaitu '''قارون - Qārūn''' (dalam [[Arabicbahasa language|ArabicArab]], dan [[Persianbahasa language|PersianFarsi]]) or, Kârun (dalam [[Turkishbahasa language|TurkishTurki]]), oratau [[Korah]],. withHarta thekekayaannya mythicalyang proportionsberlimpah ofruah hisjuga fortunedigambarkan alsodengan echoedberbagai inmacam variousungkapan ways,yang parallelsenada todengan the English language expressionungkapan ''"as rich as Croesus"'' (sama kaya rayanya dengan Kroisos) dalam bahasa Inggris.<ref>Qarun anddan referenceharta tokekayaannya hisdiriwayatkan wealthdi mentioned in thedalam [[KoranAl'Quran]] (''[28:76] tosampai [28:82]''). InDi dalam [[Persianmitologi mythologyPersia]], to which the other citations could be connected, the ''Qâruharta TreasureQâru'' isadalah aharta treasureterpendam saidyang tokonon beterus-menerus inberpindah perpetual motion under the groundtempat. The phraseFrasa ''harta karuKaru'' (literallysecara Croesus'harfiah Wealth)berarti alsoharta workedkekayaan intoKroisos) thejuga Malayterserap languageke asdalam the[[bahasa wordMelayu]] fordengan makna ''treasureharta kekayaan'', andsinonim isdengan synonymous with the termistilah ''buriedharta treasureterpendam''. ''Ganj-e-Qaru'' (Croesusharta TreasureKroisos) wasadalah alsojudul anfilm [[Iran]]ian movieyang madediproduksi inpada tahun 1965 byoleh [[Siamak Yasemi]], anddan widelysecara regardedluas asdianggap onesebagai ofsalah thesatu classicskarya ofklasik [[Iraniandunia perfilman cinemaIran]]. TheFilm movieini recountsmeriwayatkan thekembali storykisah ofhidup aseorang verykaya wealthyraya manyang whohendak attemptsbunuh suicidediri andtetapi thenakhirnya findsmenemukan happinesskebahagiaan indi thedalam simplicityrumah ofbersahaja a pauper'sseorang homemiskin.</ref> ThisItulah explainssebabnya whyistilah the"Harta term "Karun Treasure" tookmengakar hold,di andtengah inmasyarakat. anyTerlepas case,dari thesemua kingitu, Croesus'jumlah Treasureharta consistedkekayaan of moreKroisos thanmelebihi 363 pieces and the tombartefak, chamberdan [[tumulus]] wherebilik mostmakam artifactstempat weresebagian discoveredbesar dari artefak-artefak tersebut ditemukan (theytempat originatepenemuan fromartefak closelainnya butmemang differenttidak sitesjauh, tetapi merupakan situs lain) wasadalah thatmakam ofseorang a womanperempuan.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.serfed.com/dergi/10/15-ANADOLU_UYGARLIKLARI.pdf|title=The rich kings of the thousand hills, Lydians|website=serfed.com|publisher=Turkish Ceramic Federation|author=Nezih Başgelen|accessdate=2005-07-01 Juli 2005|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070122153206/http://www.serfed.com/dergi/10/15-ANADOLU_UYGARLIKLARI.pdf|archivedate=January22 22,Januari 2007}}</ref>
== Penemuan dan penyelundupan ==
==Discovery and smuggling==
Artefak-artefak The main and the most precious part of the treasure comesberasal fromdari abilik tombmakam chamberseorang ofputri aLidia. LydianArtefak-artefak princesstersebut reacheddidapatkan throughmelalui illegalekskavasi excavationsliar carriedyang outdilakukan byoleh threetiga fortune-seekersorang frompemburu Uşak'sharta asal dependingdesa Güre village,yang atberada thedi proximitydalam ofwilayah whichProvinsi theUşak. tombSitus wasbilik locatedmakam tersebut memang tidak jauh letaknya dari desa Güre, atyakni thedi localitylingkungan calledyang disebut Toptepe. AfterSesudah havingberhari-hari dugmelakukan forpenggalian daysdan andgagal unablemembobol totembok breakpenutup throughpintu themakam marbleyang masonryterbuat ofdari thebatu chamber doorpualam, theymereka meledakkan hadsotoh makam dengan [[dynamitedinamit]]d thepada roofmalam ofhari the tomb in the night oftanggal 6 JuneJuni 1966, todan bemenjadi theorang-orang firstpertama toyang seemelihat thejenazah breathtakingbangsawati sightLidia ofyang thedikebumikan buriedbersama Lydianharta noblewomankekayaannya and2600 her treasures after 2600tahun yearssilam. TheHarta treasurejarahan looteddari fromtumulus thisini particulardiperkaya tomblagi wasdengan enrichedberbagai bytemuan furtheryang findsdijarah byoleh theorang-orang sameyang mensama indari otherbeberapa [[tumulitumulus]] oflain thedi lingkungan yang localitysama duringantara tahun 1966- samapi 1967. TheBenda-benda collectionbersejarah wastersebut smuggleddiselundupkan outsidekeluar Turkeydari inTurki separate dispatches throughmelalui [[İzmir]] anddan [[Amsterdam]], tountuk beselanjutnya boughtdibeli by theoleh [[MetropolitanMuseum Seni Metropolitan|Museum ofSeni ArtRupa Metropolitan]] betweenantara 1967–1968tahun 1967 sampai 1968, atdengan anmelunasi invoicedfaktur cost ofsenilai $1.,2 millionjuta foruntuk 200 ofartefak thedari pieces within thekoleksi collectiontersebut.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tayproject.org/Haber.fm$Retrieve?ID=1267&html=haber_detail_tu.html&layout=web|title=Uşak-New York|last=|first=|date=|website=tayproject.org|publisher=TAY Project|language=Turkish|author=|accessdate=2001-04-01 April 2001}}</ref><!--
== Sengketa hukum ==
==Legal battle==
The efforts made by successive Turkish governments to retrieve the collection were incited since the very beginning and followed until conclusion by the journalist [[Özgen Acar]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.unesco.org/courier/2001_04/uk/doss27.htm |title=We have to change the buyer's attitude |author=Michel Bessières |publisher=[[UNESCO]] Courrier |accessdate=2001-04-01 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20010723161923/http://www.unesco.org/courier/2001_04/uk/doss27.htm |archivedate=2001-07-23 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Acar had chanced upon some pieces of the collection for the first time in 1984 in a Met Museum [[Collection catalog|catalogue]] and had informed Turkey's [[Culture and Tourism Ministry of Turkey|Ministry of Culture]] of their clear provenance, while he also wrote several articles and pursued the bureaucratic channels within Turkey with insistence throughout the affair. He acted as a voluntary envoy of the Ministry within the frame of the judicial case launched in [[New York City]] in 1987 and brought to conclusion in 1993,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.herrick.com/Upload/Publication/Articles/ArticleHF_0208.pdf|title=The Art Theft Experts|author=Thomas Adcock|publisher=[[New York Law Journal]]|accessdate=2006-02-24|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061031010110/http://www.herrick.com/Upload/Publication/Articles/ArticleHF_0208.pdf|archivedate=2006-10-31}}</ref> at the same time as he was named [[consultant]] in the larger framework of the Turkey's participation in the work carried out by [[UNIDROIT]] regarding the protection of historic, cultural and religious heritage. Acar's name is also synonymous in Turkey for the retrieval of another set of smuggled archaeological goods, termed "Elmalı Treasure" in reference to their site of origin, the town of [[Elmalı]] in southwestern Turkey, and involving this time [[Lydia]]n coins and extremely rare [[Ancient drachma|decadrachms]] dating from the period of the [[Delian League]], with the [[Boston Museum of Fine Arts]] as his opposite party.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.museum-security.org/reports/003199.html#8|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20000823041626/http://museum-security.org/reports/003199.html#8|url-status=dead|archive-date=2000-08-23|title=Elmalı treasure|publisher=Museum Security}}</ref>
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