Difenhidramin: Perbedaan antara revisi

Difenhidramin ditemukan pada tahun 1943 oleh George Rieveschl, mantan profesor di [[Universitas Cincinnati]].<ref>{{cite news | vauthors = Hevesi D | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/29/business/29rieveschl.html?ref=health | title=George Rieveschl, 91, Allergy Reliever, Dies | newspaper=The New York Times | date=29 September 2007 | access-date=14 October 2008 | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111213132036/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/29/business/29rieveschl.html?ref=health | archive-date=13 December 2011 | df=dmy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/w/Benadryl|title=Benadryl|publisher=Ohio History Central|access-date=13 August 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905130056/http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/w/Benadryl|archive-date=5 September 2015}}</ref> Pada tahun 1946, obat ini menjadi resep antihistamin pertama yang disetujui oleh [[Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan Amerika Serikat]].<ref name="BC">{{cite web | vauthors = Ritchie J |url=http://www.bizjournals.com/cincinnati/stories/2007/09/24/daily52.html |title=UC prof, Benadryl inventor dies |date=24 September 2007 |publisher=Business Courier of Cincinnati |access-date=14 October 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081224055505/http://www.bizjournals.com/cincinnati/stories/2007/09/24/daily52.html |archive-date=24 December 2008 }}</ref>

Pada tahun 1960an, difenhidramin ditemukan menghambat pengambilan kembali neurotransmitter[[neurotransmiter]] [[serotonin]] secara lemah.<ref name="Domino_1999"/> Penemuan ini mengarah pada pencarian [[antidepresan]] yang layak dengan struktur serupa dan efek samping yang lebih sedikit, yang berpuncak pada penemuan [[fluoksetin]], sebuah inhibitorpenghambat pengambilan reuptakekembali serotonin selektif (SSRI).<ref name="Domino_1999">{{cite journal | vauthors = Domino EF | title = History of modern psychopharmacology: a personal view with an emphasis on antidepressants | journal = Psychosomatic Medicine | volume = 61 | issue = 5 | pages = 591–8 | year = 1999 | pmid = 10511010 | doi = 10.1097/00006842-199909000-00002 }}</ref><ref name="url_Adawi_Awdish">{{cite journal | vauthors = Awdishn RA, Whitmill M, Coba V, Killu K | title = Serotonin reuptake inhibition by diphenhydramine and concomitant linezolid use can result in serotonin syndrome | journal = Chest | date = October 2008 | volume = 134 | issue = 4 Meeting abstracts | pages = 4C | url = http://journal.publications.chestnet.org/article.aspx?articleid=1094281 | doi = 10.1378/chest.134.4_MeetingAbstracts.c4002 | access-date = 19 March 2013 | archive-date = 11 March 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160311054736/http://journal.publications.chestnet.org/article.aspx?articleid=1094281 | url-status = live }}</ref> Pencarian serupa sebelumnya mengarah pada sintesis SSRI pertama yakni [[zimelidin]], yang berasal dari [[bromfeniramin]], yang juga merupakan antihistamin.<ref name="Barondes">{{cite book | vauthors = Barondes SH | year = 2003 | title = Better Than Prozac | pages = [https://archive.org/details/betterthanprozac00baro/page/39 39–40] | location = New York | publisher = Oxford University Press | isbn = 978-0-19-515130-5 | url-access = registration | url = https://archive.org/details/betterthanprozac00baro/page/39 }}</ref>