Invasi Ukraina oleh Rusia: Perbedaan antara revisi

Dalam pidato televisi sebelum invasi, [[Vladimir Putin]], presiden Rusia, mengekspresikan pandangan [[iredentisme]] Rusia,<ref name="TheEconomist">{{cite news|date=26 February 2022|title=Russia's invasion of Ukraine|trans-title=Invasi Ukraina oleh Rusia|url=https://www.economist.com/briefing/2022/02/26/russias-invasion-of-ukraine|newspaper=[[The Economist]]|issn=0013-0613|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220226/https://www.economist.com/briefing/2022/02/26/russias-invasion-of-ukraine|archive-date=26 February 2022|access-date=26 February 2022|quote=Walaupun target tirade Putin pada 21 Februari 2022 adalah Ukraina, republik Soviet dahulu yang sekarang di NATO, Estonia, Latvia, dan Lithuania, mempunyai alasan untuk khawatir atas iredentisme dia.|url-status=live|url-access=subscription}}</ref> mempertanyakan hak [[kedaulatan]] Ukraina,<ref name="Putin Ukraine statehood">{{cite magazine|last=Perrigo|first=Billy|date=22 February 2022|title=How Putin's Denial of Ukraine's Statehood Rewrites History|url=https://time.com/6150046/ukraine-statehood-russia-history-putin/|url-status=live|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|issn=0040-781X|oclc=1311479|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220222200708/https://time.com/6150046/ukraine-statehood-russia-history-putin/|archive-date=22 February 2022|access-date=28 February 2022|url-access=registration|trans-title=Bagaimana Bantahan Putin akan Kedaulatan Ukraina Menulis Kembali Sejarah}}</ref><ref name="MoscowTimes">{{Cite news|last=|date=22 February 2022|title=Putin Says He Does Not Plan to 'Restore Empire'|trans-title=Putin Mengatakan Bahwa Dia Tidak Berencana untuk 'Mengembalikan Kerajaan'|url=https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2022/02/22/putin-says-he-does-not-plan-to-restore-empire-a76519|work=[[The Moscow Times]]|oclc=1097137921|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220222050649/https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2022/02/22/putin-says-he-does-not-plan-to-restore-empire-a76519|archive-date=22 February 2022|access-date=31 May 2022|url-status=live}}</ref> dan mengklaim secara salah<ref name=":ScholarStatements">{{Cite news|last1=Tabarovsky|first1=Izabella|last2=Finkel|first2=Eugene|author-link2=Evgeny Finkel|date=27 February 2022|title=Statement on the War in Ukraine by Scholars of Genocide, Nazism and World War II|trans-title=Pernyataan mengenai Perang di Ukraina oleh Sarjana Genosida, Nazisme dan Perang Dunia II|url=https://jewishjournal.com/news/worldwide/345515/statement-on-the-war-in-ukraine-by-scholars-of-genocide-nazism-and-world-war-ii/|work=[[The Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles]]|access-date=31 May 2022}}</ref> bahwa Ukraina didominasi oleh orang neo-Nazisme yang menyiksa orang Rusia di Ukraina.<ref name="Abbruzzese 20222">{{cite news|last=Abbruzzese|first=Jason|date=24 February 2022|title=Putin says he is fighting a resurgence of Nazism. That's not true.|trans-title=Putin mengatakan bahwa dia sedang memerangi kebangkitan Nazisme. Ini tidak benar.|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/politics-news/live-blog/russia-ukraine-conflict-live-updates-n1289655/ncrd1289673|work=[[NBC News]]|publisher=[[NBC]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220224112830/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/politics-news/live-blog/russia-ukraine-conflict-live-updates-n1289655/ncrd1289673|archive-date=24 February 2022|access-date=31 May 2022|url-status=live}}</ref>

 

 

Invasi dimulai pada pagi hari (5:00 [[Waktu Eropa Timur]], 10:00 WIB) 24 Februari 2022,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Nikolskaya|first1=Polina|last2=Osborn|first2=Andrew|date=24 February 2022|title=Russia's Putin authorises 'special military operation' against Ukraine|trans-title=Putin mengizinkan 'operasi militer khusus' di Ukraina|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russias-putin-authorises-military-operations-donbass-domestic-media-2022-02-24/|work=[[Reuters]]|publisher=[[Thomson Reuters]]|publication-place=Moscow|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220224032217/https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russias-putin-authorises-military-operations-donbass-domestic-media-2022-02-24/|archive-date=24 February 2022|access-date=31 May 2022|url-status=live}}</ref> ketika Putin [[Dalam melakukan operasi militer khusus|mengumumkan]] "operasi militer khusus"{{efn|{{lang-ru|специальная военная операция|spetsial'naya voyennaya operatsiya}}}} untuk "[[demiliterisasi]] dan [[denazifikasi]]" Ukraina.<ref name=":DWFactCheck">{{cite news|last1=Grunau|first1=Andrea|last2=von Hein|first2=Matthias|last3=Theise|first3=Eugen|last4=Weber|first4=Joscha|date=25 February 2022|title=Fact check: Do Vladimir Putin's justifications for going to war against Ukraine add up?|trans-title=Cek fakta: Apakah alasan Vladimir Putin untuk memerangi Ukraina benar?|url=https://www.dw.com/en/fact-check-do-vladimir-putins-justifications-for-going-to-war-against-ukraine-add-up/a-60917168|work=[[Deutsche Welle]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225162831/https://www.dw.com/en/fact-check-do-vladimir-putins-justifications-for-going-to-war-against-ukraine-add-up/a-60917168|archive-date=25 February 2022|access-date=1 June 2022|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Waxman 2022">{{cite magazine|last=Waxman|first=Olivia B.|date=3 March 2022|title=Historians on What Putin Gets Wrong About 'Denazification' in Ukraine|url=https://time.com/6154493/denazification-putin-ukraine-history-context/|url-status=live|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|issn=0040-781X|oclc=1311479|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220303211420/https://time.com/6154493/denazification-putin-ukraine-history-context/|archive-date=3 March 2022|access-date=1 June 2022|trans-title=Para Sejarawan mengenai Kesalahan Putin tentang 'Denazifikasi' di Ukraina}}</ref> Beberapa menit kemudian, serangan rudal dan udara dimulai di seluruh Ukraina, termasuk di ibu kota [[Kyiv]], yang kemudian disertai invasi darat skala besar dari berbagai arah.<ref name=":CNN2">{{cite web|date=24 February 2022|title=Russia attacks Ukraine|url=https://edition.cnn.com/europe/live-news/ukraine-russia-news-02-23-22/h_ec5f24d5accb8f8503aabdc63e3fd22d|website=[[CNN International]]|trans-title=Rusia menyerang Ukraina|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220224073725/https://edition.cnn.com/europe/live-news/ukraine-russia-news-02-23-22/h_ec5f24d5accb8f8503aabdc63e3fd22d|archive-date=24 February 2022|access-date=24 February 2022|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2022-02-24|title=Mengapa Rusia menyerbu Ukraina dan apa yang diinginkan Putin dengan meluncurkan 'operasi militer khusus'?|url=https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/dunia-60507911|website=BBC News Indonesia|language=id|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225143951/https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/dunia-60507911|archive-date=25 Februari 2022|access-date=2022-06-11}}</ref> Zelensky memberlakukan [[darurat militer]] dan melakukan [[mobilisasi umum]] semua penduduk laki-laki Ukraina usia 18–60, yang tidak diperbolehkan untuk meninggalkan negara.<ref name=":InterfaxMobilization">{{cite news|date=24 February 2022|title=Ukrainian president signs decree on general mobilisation of population -Interfax|trans-title=Presiden Ukraina menandatangani dekrit mobilisasi umum penduduk -Interfax|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/ukrainian-president-signs-decree-general-mobilisation-population-interfax-2022-02-24/|work=[[Reuters]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225025205/https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/ukrainian-president-signs-decree-general-mobilisation-population-interfax-2022-02-24/|archive-date=25 February 2022|access-date=25 February 2022|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Interfax 2022">{{cite web|date=25 February 2022|title=Zelensky signs decree declaring general mobilization|url=https://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/801769.html|website=[[Interfax-Ukraine]]|trans-title=Zelensky menandatangani dekrit pengadaan mobilisasi umum|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225113724/https://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/801769.html|archive-date=25 February 2022|access-date=25 February 2022|url-status=live}}</ref> Mula-mula, Rusia melancarkan serangan melalui [[Front (formasi militer)|front]] [[Kampanye Ukraina utara|utara]] dari [[Belarus]] ke Kyiv, [[Serangan Ukraina barat daya|front barat laut]] menuju [[Kharkiv]], [[Serangan Ukraina selatan|front selatan]] dari [[Krimea]], dan [[Serangan Ukraina tenggara|front tenggara]] dari kota [[Luhansk]] dan [[Donetsk]].<ref name="CBS-2022-03-20">{{cite news|date=20 March 2022|title=Ukraine rejects Russian demand to surrender port city of Mariupol in exchange for safe passage|trans-title=Ukraina menolak tuntutan Rusia untuk menyerahkan kota laut Mariupol untuk penyeberangan aman sebagai gantinya|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/ukraine-mariupol-russia-surrender-reject/|publisher=[[CBS News]]|access-date=21 March 2022}}</ref><ref name="CBC-2022-03-21">{{cite news|date=21 March 2022|title=Ukraine refuses to surrender Mariupol as scope of human toll remains unclear|trans-title=Ukraina menolak penyerahan Mariupol; besarnya korban jiwa belum jelas|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/ukraine-russia-war-march21-1.6391709|publisher=[[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]]|access-date=21 March 2022}}</ref> Pada Maret 2022, serangan Rusia ke Kyiv terhenti. Karena banyak prajurit tewas dan perlawanan oleh Ukraina yang kuat, pasukan Rusia mundur dari [[Oblast Kyiv]] pada 3 April 2022. Pada 19 April, Rusia kembali meluncurkan [[Pertempuran Donbas (2022|serangan]] pada garis depan sepanjang {{convert|300|mi|km|adj=on|order=flip|sigfig=1}} dari Kharkiv sampai Donetsk dan Luhansk, dengan serangan rudal pada Kyiv di bagian utara dan [[Lviv]] di bagian barat secara bersamaan.<ref name="nytimes.com">{{cite news|last1=Arraf|first1=Jane|last2=Nechepurenko|first2=Ivan|last3=Landler|first3=Mark|date=19 April 2022|title=Ukraine Says Russia Begins Assault in the East After Raining Missiles Nationwide|trans-title=Ukraina Mengatakan Bahwa Rusia Memulai Serangan di Bagian Timur Setelah Hujan Rudal Se-negara|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/18/world/europe/ukraine-russia-missiles-lviv-donbas.html|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=20 April 2022}}</ref>