Oksimetazolin: Perbedaan antara revisi

Oksimetazolin adalah simpatomimetik yang secara selektif menyiksa reseptor adrenergik α₁ dan (sebagian) α₂.<ref name="adrenomimetic">{{cite book | vauthors = Westfall TC, Westfall DP | chapter = Chapter 6. Neurotransmission: The Autonomic and Somatic Motor Nervous Systems | veditors = Brunton LL, Lazo JS, Parker KL| title = Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics | edition = 11th | chapter-url = http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=954433 | via = AccessMedicine | quote = Anatomy and General Functions of the Autonomic and Somatic Motor Nervous Systems |access-date=24 January 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930100924/http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=954433 |archive-date=30 September 2011 }}.</ref> Karena lapisan vaskular mengekspresikan reseptor α₁ secara luas, kerja oksimetazolin menyebabkan vasokonstriksi. Selain itu, penggunaan obat secara lokal juga menyebabkan vasokonstriksi karena kerjanya pada reseptor α₂ pascasinaps endotel; Sebaliknya, penerapan agonis α₂ secara sistemik menyebabkan [[vasodilasi]] karena penghambatan gaya simpatis yang dimediasi secara terpusat melalui reseptor α₂ presinaptik.<ref name="alpha">{{cite book | vauthors = Biaggioni I, Robertson D | chapter = Chapter 9. Adrenoceptor Agonists & Sympathomimetic Drugs | veditors = Katzung BG | title = Basic & Clinical Pharmacology | edition = 11th | url = http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=4520412 |access-date=30 November 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930100935/http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=4520412 |archive-date=30 September 2011 }}</ref> Vasokonstriksi pembuluh darah dapat meredakan hidung tersumbat dengan dua cara: pertama, meningkatkan diameter lumen saluran napas; kedua, mengurangi eksudasi cairan dari venula pascakapiler.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Widdicombe J | title = Microvascular anatomy of the nose | journal = Allergy | volume = 52 | issue = 40 Suppl | pages = 7–11 | year = 1997 | pmid = 9353554 | doi = 10.1111/j.1398-9995.1997.tb04877.x | s2cid = 46018611 }}</ref> Hal ini dapat mengurangi resistensi saluran napas hidung (NAR) hingga 35,7% dan mengurangi aliran darah mukosa hidung hingga 50%.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Bende M, Löth S | title = Vascular effects of topical oxymetazoline on human nasal mucosa | url = https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-laryngology-and-otology_1986-03_100_3/page/285 | journal = The Journal of Laryngology and Otology | volume = 100 | issue = 3 | pages = 285–288 | date = March 1986 | pmid = 3950497 | doi = 10.1017/S0022215100099151 | s2cid = 37998936 }}</ref>