Afrika Timur Laut: Perbedaan antara revisi
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[[File:Africa-countries-northeast.svg|thumb|Afrika Timur Laut]]
'''Afrika Timur Laut''' adalah istilah regional geografis yang digunakan untuk merujuk pada negara-negara [[Afrika]] yang terletak di dalam dan sekitar [[Laut Merah]]. Wilayah ini berada di tengah-tengah antara [[Afrika Utara]] dan [[Afrika Timur]], dan mencakup [[Tanduk Afrika]] ([[Djibouti]], [[Eritrea]], [[Etiopia]], dan [[Somalia]]), serta [[Mesir]], [[Libya]], [[Sudan]], dan [[Sudan Selatan]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=White |first=Donald |last2=White |first2=Arthur P. |date=1996 |title=Coastal Sites of Northeast Africa: The Case Against Bronze Age Ports |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40000602 |journal=Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt |volume=33 |pages=11–30 |doi=10.2307/40000602 |issn=0065-9991}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Swain |first1=Ashok |title=Ethiopia, the Sudan, and Egypt: The Nile River Dispute |journal=The Journal of Modern African Studies |date=December 1997 |volume=35 |issue=4 |pages=675–694 |doi=10.1017/S0022278X97002577 |s2cid=154735027 |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-modern-african-studies/article/abs/ethiopia-the-sudan-and-egypt-the-nile-river-dispute/15B114D1188FDAF5AC46E4A289812CE0 |language=en |issn=1469-7777}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Sadr |first1=Karim |title=The Development of Nomadism in Ancient Northeast Africa |date=30 January 2017 |publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press |isbn=978-1-5128-1854-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u04rEAAAQBAJ&q=northeast+africa |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Schandelmeier |first1=Heinz |last2=Thorweihe |first2=Ulf |title=Geoscientific Research in Northeast Africa |date=14 December 2017 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=978-1-351-44524-5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZQZDDwAAQBAJ&q=northeast+africa |language=en}}</ref>
Wilayah ini memiliki sejarah yang sangat panjang dengan ditemukannya fosil dari [[Hominidae|hominid]] awal hingga manusia modern dan merupakan salah satu wilayah yang paling beragam secara budaya dan bahasa di dunia, menjadi rumah bagi banyak peradaban dan terletak di jalur perdagangan penting yang menghubungkan banyak benua.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Mitchell|first1=Peter|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IektAAAAQBAJ&dq=northeast+africa+nile&pg=PT926|title=The Oxford Handbook of African Archaeology|last2=Lane|first2=Paul|date=2013-07-04|publisher=OUP Oxford|isbn=978-0-19-162615-9|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last1=Klees|first1=Frank|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2UKWDwAAQBAJ&q=northeast|title=New light on the Northeast African past : current prehistoric research: Contributions to a symposium, Cologne 1990|last2=Kuper|first2=Rudolph|date=1992-01-01|publisher=Heinrich-Barth-Institut|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last1=Hepburn|first1=H. Randall|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4LHrCAAAQBAJ&dq=northeast+africa+nile+valley&pg=PA50|title=Honeybees of Africa|last2=Radloff|first2=Sarah E.|date=2013-03-14|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-3-662-03604-4|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Daniel|first=Kendie|title=NORTHEAST AFRICA AND THE WORLD ECONOMIC ORDER|year=1988|location=Michigan, US|pages=69–82}}</ref><ref>Project MUSE. (2020). ''[https://muse.jhu.edu/journal/136 Northeast African Studies]''. Retrieved March 22, 2020. "This distinguished journal is devoted to the scholarly analysis of Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti, Somalia, and Sudan, as well as the Nile Valley, the Red Sea, and the lands adjacent to both."</ref>
Afrika Timur Laut tidak seragam secara geografis dan iklim. Secara internal, wilayah ini sangat bervariasi dalam hal ketinggian, pola curah hujan, sistem sungai, jenis tanah dan tutupan vegetasi. Dalam sebagian besar studi sejarah, wilayah ini juga terbagi lagi berdasarkan batas-batas budaya dan politik yang ketat.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Johnson |first1=Douglas H. |last2=Anderson |first2=David M. |title=The Ecology Of Survival: Case Studies From Northeast African History |date=26 June 2019 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-000-31615-5 |pages=1–15 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=J06fDwAAQBAJ&q=northeastern+africa |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Reid |first1=Richard J. |title=Frontiers of Violence in North-East Africa: Genealogies of Conflict Since C.1800 |date=24 March 2011 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-921188-3 |pages=1–25 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m5ESDAAAQBAJ&q=northeast+africa |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kendie |first1=Daniel |title=Northeast Africa and the World Economic Order |journal=Northeast African Studies |date=1988 |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=69–82 |jstor=43661171 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/43661171 |issn=0740-9133}}</ref>
Agama utama di wilayah ini adalah [[Kekristenan|Kristen]], [[Islam]], dan [[Agama tradisional Afrika|Agama Tradisional]]. Namun demikian, unsur-unsur Agama Tradisional dicampur adukkan dalam tingkatan yang berbeda-beda oleh kelompok etnis yang menganut agama Kristen dan Islam. Dalam beberapa komunitas etnis, anggotanya mengaku beragama Kristen atau Muslim, namun sebagian besar yang mereka praktikkan ialah Agama Tradisional.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ali|first=Mohammed|date=1996|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=YP6vaIuPz60C&pg=PA37&dq=Northeast+Africa&hl=id&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&ovdme=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwij-6rG29yGAxVSzTgGHcWiBNEQ6AF6BAgLEAM#v=onepage&q=Northeast%20Africa&f=false|title=Ethnicity, Politics, and Society in Northeast Africa|publisher=University Press of America|isbn=9780761802839|url-status=live}}</ref>
== Referensi ==
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