Pengakuan-Pengakuan (Agustinus): Perbedaan antara revisi

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Jonoo27 (bicara | kontrib)
Jonoo27 (bicara | kontrib)
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# Kelahirannya, dan masa kecil hingga usia 14 tahun. Dimulai dengan kelahirannya, Agustinus merenungkan masa kecil pribadinya untuk mengambil kesimpulan yang universal mengenai natur bayi: anak memiliki sifat yang penuh kekerasan secara inheren jika dibiarkan sendiri karena [[dosa asal]]. Setelahnya, ia merenungkan tentang memilih kenikmatan dan membaca sastra sekuler daripada mempelajari Kitab Suci, sebuah pilihan yang nantinya ia pahami sebagai pilihan yang layak menerima hukuman dari para gurunya, meskipun ia tidak menyadarinya pada masa kecilnya.
# Agustinus melanjutkan dengan merenungkan masa remajanya di mana ia mengingat dua contoh dari dosa beratnya yang ia lakukan ketika ia berusia 16 tahunt: perkembangan dari hawa nafsunya yang tanpa Tuhan dan pencurian buah pir dari kebun tetangganya, meskipun ia tidak pernah menginginkan makanan. Dalam jilid ini, ia membahas pertanyaan mengenai mengapa ia dan para kawannya mencuri buah pir ketika ia memiliki lebih banyak buah pir yang lebih baik miliknya. Ia menjelaskan perasaan yang ia alami ketika ia memakan buah-buah pir tersebut dan melemparkan sisanya ke babi-babi. Agustinus berargumentasi bahwa ia kemungkinan besar tidak akan mencuri apa pun jikalau ia tidak ditemani oleh orang lain yang dapat berbagi dalam dosanya.
# Ia memulai studi retorika di [[Karthago]], tempat ia mengembangkan kecintaan pada kebijaksanaan melalui membaca karya [[Cicero]] ''Hortensius.'' Ia menyalahkan kesombongannya untuk kurang beriman dalam Kitab Suci, sehingga ia menemukan jalan untuk mencari kebenaran mengenai baik dan jahat melalui [[Manikheisme]]. Pada akhir jilid ini, ibunya, Monika, memimpikan pertobatan ulang dari putranya kepada Kekristenan.
# He begins the study of rhetoric at [[Carthage]], where he develops a love of wisdom through his exposure to [[Writings of Cicero|Cicero's]] ''Hortensius.'' He blames his pride for lacking faith in Scripture, so he finds a way to seek truth regarding good and evil through [[Manichaeism]]. At the end of this book, his mother, Monica, dreams about her son's re-conversion to Catholic doctrine.
# Between the ages of 19 and 28, Augustine forms a relationship with an unnamed woman who, though faithful, is not his lawfully wedded wife, with whom he has a son, Adeodatus. At the same time that he returned to his hometown Tagaste to teach, a friend fell sick, was baptized in the Catholic Church, recovered slightly, then died. The death of his friend depresses Augustine, who then reflects on the meaning of love of a friend in a mortal sense versus love of a friend in God; he concludes that his friend's death affected him severely because of his lack of love in God. Things he used to love become hateful to him because everything reminds him of what was lost. Augustine then suggests that he began to love his life of sorrow more than his fallen friend. He closes this book with his reflection that he had attempted to find truth through the Manicheans and astrology, yet devout Church members, who he claims are far less intellectual and prideful, have found truth through greater faith in God.
# While Augustine is aged 29, he begins to lose faith in Manichean teachings, a process that starts when the Manichean bishop Faustus visits Carthage. Augustine is unimpressed with the substance of Manichaeism, but he has not yet found something to replace it. He feels a sense of resigned acceptance to these fables as he has not yet formed a spiritual core to prove their falsity. He moves to teach in Rome where the education system is more disciplined. He does not stay in Rome for long because his teaching is requested in Milan, where he encounters the bishop [[Saint Ambrose|Ambrose]]. He appreciates Ambrose's style and attitude, and Ambrose exposes him to a more spiritual, figurative perspective of God, which leads him into a position as catechumen of the Church.