Perang Inggris–Skotlandia (1650–1652): Perbedaan antara revisi
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== Inggris menginvasi Skotlandia (1650–1652) ==
Para pemimpin Persemakmuran Inggris merasa terancam melihat orang Skotlandia kembali membentuk angkatan perang. Mereka mendesak [[Thomas Fairfax]], pemimpin umum Angkatan Bersenjata Ragam Baru, untuk melancarkan [[Preemptive war|serangan pencegahan]].{{sfn|Woolrych|2002|p=482}} Fairfax menerima penugasan untuk memimpin pergerakan angkatan perang ke daerah utara dalam rangka membentengi Inggris dari kemungkinan diinvasi Skotlandia, tetapi ia tidak ingin menjadi pihak yang lebih dulu menyerang mantan sekutu, lantaran berkeyakinan bahwa Inggris dan Skotlandia masih terikat oleh Persekutuan dan Perjanjian Mulia.{{sfn|Woolrych|2002|p=482}} Ketika perintah resmi untuk menyerang diturunkan pada tanggal 20 Juni 1650, Fairfax mengundurkan diri.{{sfn|Woolrych|2002|p=482}}
Once the Treaty of Breda had been signed, the Scottish Parliament started levying men to form a new army, under the command of the experienced general [[David Leslie, 1st Lord Newark|David Leslie]].{{sfn|Furgol|2002|p=65}} Their aim was to increase their forces to more than 36,000 men, but that number was never achieved;{{sfn|Woolrych|2002|p=483}} by the time Cromwell entered Scotland, Leslie had fewer than 10,000 infantry and 3,000 cavalry, although these numbers fluctuated during the course of the campaign.{{sfn|Reid|2008|pp=39–40}} The government instituted a commission to purge the army of anyone suspected of having supported the Engagement, as well as men considered sinful or undesirable.{{#tag:ref|The Committee for Purging the Army, established on 21 June.{{sfn|Reid|2008|p=27}}|group=keterangan}}{{sfn|Dow|1979|p=8}} This was opposed, unsuccessfully, by much of the Scottish nobility and most of the experienced military leaders, including Leslie. The purge removed many experienced men and officers, and the bulk of the army was composed of raw recruits with little training or experience.{{sfn|Woolrych|2002|p=483}}
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