Wikipedia

Pengguna:Fazoffic/bak pasir/Muhammad: Perbedaan antara revisi

Jelajahi riwayat secara interaktif
← Revisi sebelumnyaRevisi selanjutnya →
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
VisualTeks wiki
Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan
Tag: Suntingan perangkat seluler Suntingan peramban seluler Suntingan seluler lanjutan pranala ke halaman disambiguasi
Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan
Tag: Suntingan perangkat seluler Suntingan peramban seluler Suntingan seluler lanjutan
Baris 1:
{{Short description|Founding prophet of Islam (c.570–632)}}
{{About|the Islamic prophet|other people named Muhammad|Muhammad (name)|other uses|Muhammad (disambiguation)|the Islamic view and perspective|Muhammad in Islam}}
{{POV|date=July 2024}}
{{Pp|small=yes|expiry=indef}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2023}}
{{Infobox religious biography
| honorific_prefix = <!-- see [[MOS:PBUH]] -->
| name = Muhammad
| native_name = مُحَمَّد
| native_name_lang = ar
| image = Dark vignette Al-Masjid AL-Nabawi Door800x600x300.jpg
| caption = "Muhammad, the Messenger of God"<br />inscribed on the gates of the [[Prophet's Mosque]] in [[Medina]]
| alt = Inscription proclaiming Muhammad as the messenger of God
| birth_date = {{Circa|570}} [[Common Era|CE]] (53 [[Hijri year|BH]]){{sfn|Conrad|1987}}
| birth_place = {{Longitem|[[Mecca]], Hejaz, Arabia}}
| death_date = {{Death date|632|6|8|df=y}} CE (11 AH; aged 61–62)
| death_place = {{Longitem|[[Medina]], Hejaz, Arabia}}
| resting_place = {{Longitem|style=white-space; |[[Green Dome]] at the [[Prophet's Mosque]], Medina, Arabia}}
| resting_place_coordinates = {{coord|24|28|03|N|39|36|41|E|type:landmark_scale:5000_region:SA|display=inline|name=Green Dome}}
| other_names = {{plainlist|
*Rasul Allah ('Messenger of God')
*''See'' [[Names and titles of Muhammad]]
}}
| known_for = Establishing [[Islam]]
| spouse = ''See'' [[Wives of Muhammad]]
| children = ''See'' [[Children of Muhammad]]
| parents = {{plainlist|
*[[Abdullah ibn Abd al-Muttalib]] (father)
*[[Amina bint Wahb]] (mother)
}}
| relatives = {{plainlist|
*[[Ahl al-Bayt]] ('Family of the House')
*''See'' [[Family tree of Muhammad]]
}}
| module = {{Infobox Arabic name|embed=yes
|ism=Muḥammad
|ism-ar=مُحَمَّد
|nasab=Ibn [[Abdullah ibn Abd al-Muttalib|ʿAbd Allāh]] ibn [[Abd al-Muttalib|ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib]] ibn [[Hashim ibn Abd Manaf|Hāshim]] ibn [[Abd Manaf ibn Qusai|ʿAbd Manāf]] ibn [[Qusai ibn Kilab|Quṣayy]] ibn [[Kilab ibn Murrah|Kilāb]]
|nasab-ar=ٱبْن عَبْد ٱللَّٰه بْن عَبْد ٱلْمُطَّلِب بْن هَاشِم بْن عَبْد مَنَاف بْن قُصَيّ بْن كِلَاب
|kunya=[[Abu al-Qasim|Abū al-Qāsim]]
|kunya-ar=أَبُو ٱلْقَاسِم
|laqab=[[Seal of the Prophets|Khātam al-Nabiyyīn]] ('Seal of the Prophets')
|laqab-ar=خَاتَم ٱلنَّبِيِّين
}}
}}
{{Muhammad}}
 
'''Muhammad'''{{efn|He is referred to by many appellations, including '''Muhammad ibn Abd Allah''', '''Messenger of God''', '''Prophet Muhammad''', '''God's Apostle''', '''Last Prophet of Islam''', and others; there are also variant spellings of Muhammad, such as '''Mohamet''', '''Mohammed''', '''Mahamad''', '''Muhamad''', '''Mohamed''', and many others.}} ({{IPAc-en|m|oʊ|ˈ|h|ɑː|m|ə|d}}; {{Lang-ar|مُحَمَّد|translit=Muḥammad}} {{IPA-ar|mʊˈħæm.mæd|}}; {{circa}}&nbsp;570 – 8 June 632 [[Common Era|CE]]){{efn|{{harvnb|Goldman|1995|p=63}}, gives 8 June 632 CE, the dominant Islamic tradition. Many earlier (primarily non-Islamic) traditions refer to him as still alive at the time of the [[Muslim conquest of the Levant#Conquest of Palestine|Muslim conquest of Palestine]].}} was an [[Arab]] religious, social, and political leader and the founder of [[Islam]].{{efn|According to {{harvnb|Welch|Moussalli|Newby|2009}}, writing for the Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World: "The Prophet of Islam was a religious, political, and social reformer who gave rise to one of the great civilizations of the world. From a modern, historical perspective, Muḥammad was the founder of Islam. From the perspective of the Islamic faith, he was God's Messenger (''rasūl Allāh''), called to be a "warner," first to the Arabs and then to all humankind."}} According to [[Muhammad in Islam|Islamic doctrine]], he was a prophet [[Divine inspiration|divinely inspired]] to preach and confirm the [[tawhid|monotheistic]] teachings of [[Adam in Islam|Adam]], [[Abraham in Islam|Abraham]], [[Moses in Islam|Moses]], [[Jesus in Islam|Jesus]], and other [[Prophets and messengers in Islam|prophets]].{{sfn|Welch|Moussalli|Newby|2009}}{{sfn|Esposito|2002|pp=4–5}}{{sfn|Esposito|1998|p=9,12}} He is believed to be the [[Seal of the Prophets]] within Islam, with the [[Quran]] as well as his [[Hadith|teachings]] and [[Sunnah|practices]] forming the basis for Islamic religious belief.
 
Muhammad was born in approximately 570{{nbsp}}CE in [[Mecca]].{{sfn|Conrad|1987}} He was the son of [[Abdullah ibn Abd al-Muttalib]] and [[Amina bint Wahb]]. His father, Abdullah, the son of [[Quraysh]] tribal leader [[Abd al-Muttalib ibn Hashim]], died around the time Muhammad was born. His mother Amina died when he was six, leaving Muhammad an orphan.{{sfn|Rodinson|2021|pp=38, 41–3}}{{sfn|Rodgers|2012|p=22}} He was raised under the care of his grandfather, Abd al-Muttalib, and paternal uncle, [[Abu Talib ibn Abd al-Muttalib|Abu Talib]].{{sfn|Watt|1974|p=7}} In later years, he would periodically seclude himself in a mountain cave named [[Jabal al-Nour|Hira]] for several nights of prayer. When he was 40, circa 610{{nbsp}}CE, Muhammad reported being visited by [[Gabriel]] in the cave{{sfn|Conrad|1987}} and receiving [[Muhammad's first revelation|his first revelation]] from God. In 613,<ref name=":2">Howarth, Stephen. ''Knights Templar.'' 1985. {{ISBN|978-0-8264-8034-7}} p. 199.</ref> Muhammad started [[Dawah|preaching]] these revelations publicly,<ref name="Al-A'zami2">[[Muhammad Mustafa Al-A'zami]] (2003), ''The History of The Qur'anic Text: From Revelation to Compilation: A Comparative Study with the Old and New Testaments'', pp. 26–27. UK Islamic Academy. {{ISBN|978-1-872531-65-6}}.</ref> proclaiming that "God is One", that complete "submission" (''[[Islam#Etymology|islām]]'') to [[God in Islam|God]] (''[[Allah]]'') is the right way of life (''[[dīn]]''),{{sfn|Ahmad|2009}} and that he was a prophet and messenger of God, similar to the other [[Prophets in Islam#Table of prophets/messengers in the Quran|prophets in Islam]].{{sfn|Esposito|2002|pp=4–5}}{{sfn|Peters|2003|p=9}}{{sfn|Buhl|Welch|1993}}
 
[[Companions of the Prophet|Muhammad's followers]] were initially few in number, and experienced [[Persecution of Muslims by Meccans|hostility from Meccan polytheists]] for 13 years. To escape ongoing persecution, he [[Migration to Abyssinia|sent some of his followers]] to [[Kingdom of Aksum|Abyssinia]] in 615, before he and his followers migrated from Mecca to [[Medina]] (then known as Yathrib) later in 622. This event, the [[Hijrah]], marks the beginning of the [[Islamic calendar]], also known as the Hijri calendar. In Medina, Muhammad united the tribes under the [[Constitution of Medina]]. In December 629, after eight years of intermittent fighting with Meccan tribes, Muhammad gathered an army of 10,000 Muslim converts and [[Conquest of Mecca|marched on the city of Mecca]]. The conquest went largely uncontested, and Muhammad seized the city with little bloodshed. In 632, a few months after returning from the [[Farewell Pilgrimage]], he fell ill and died. By the time of his death, most of the [[Arabian Peninsula]] had [[conversion to Islam|converted to Islam]].{{sfn|Holt|Lambton|Lewis|1977|p=57}}{{sfn|Lapidus|2002|pp=31–32}}
 
The revelations (''[[ayat]]'') that Muhammad reported receiving until his death form the verses of the Quran, regarded by Muslims as the verbatim "Word of God" on which the religion is based. Besides the Quran, Muhammad's teachings and practices (''[[sunnah]]''), found in transmitted reports ([[hadith]]) and in his biography (''[[sīrah]]''), are also upheld and used as [[sources of sharia|sources]] of [[Islamic law]].
 
==Biographical sources==
{{Main|Historiography of early Islam|Historicity of Muhammad}}
Diperoleh dari "https://wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Pengguna:Fazoffic/bak_pasir/Muhammad"