Antikolinergik: Perbedaan antara revisi
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'''Antikolinergik''' ('''agen antikolinergik''') adalah zat yang menghalangi kerja [[neurotransmiter]] [[asetilkolin]] (ACh) pada [[sinapsis]] di [[sistem saraf pusat]] dan [[sistem saraf tepi]].<ref name="Anticholinergic Agents 2012 p.">{{citation|title=Anticholinergic Agents|url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK548287/|year=2012|chapter=Anticholinergics|location=Bethesda (MD)|publisher=National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases|pmid=31643610|quote=Anticholinergics have antisecretory activities and decrease nasal and bronchial secretions, salivation, lacrimation, sweating and gastric acid production, and can be used to decrease secretions in allergic and inflammatory diseases. Anticholinergics relax smooth muscle in the gastrointestinal tract, bladder and lung and can be used for gastrointestinal, urological or respiratory conditions associated with spasm and dysmotility.|access-date=2020-03-23}}</ref><ref>Clinical Pharmacology [database online]. Tampa, FL: Gold Standard, Inc.; 2009. Drugs with Anticholinergic Activity. Prescriber's Letter 2011; 18 (12):271233.</ref>
Agen-agen ini menghambat [[sistem saraf parasimpatis]] dengan secara selektif memblokir pengikatan ACh ke reseptornya di [[sel saraf]]. [[Akson|Serabut saraf]] sistem parasimpatis bertanggung jawab atas pergerakan [[otot polos]] yang tidak disengaja di saluran pencernaan, [[Sistem
Secara luas, antikolinergik dibagi menjadi dua kategori sesuai dengan target spesifiknya di sistem saraf pusat dan perifer serta pada sambungan neuromuskular:<ref name="Migirov Datta 2020 p.">{{citation | last1=Migirov | first1=A | last2=Datta | first2=AR | title=Physiology, Anticholinergic Reaction | chapter=article-17683 | publisher=StatPearls Publishing | location=Treasure Island (FL) | year=2020 | pmid=31536197 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK546589/ | access-date=2020-03-24 | others=This book is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, duplication, adaptation, distribution, and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, a link is provided to the Creative Commons license, and any changes made are indicated.}}</ref> agen antimuskarinik dan agen antinikotinik (penghambat ganglionik, penghambat neuromuskular).<ref>{{cite web|title=Urinary Incontinence|url=http://www2.kumc.edu/coa/Education/AMED900/UrinaryIncon.htm|publisher=Landon Center on Aging|author1=Sharee A. Wiggins|author2=Tomas Griebling|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927135227/http://www2.kumc.edu/coa/Education/AMED900/UrinaryIncon.htm|archive-date=2011-09-27|access-date=2011-07-09}}</ref>
Istilah "antikolinergik" biasanya digunakan untuk merujuk pada antimuskarinik yang secara kompetitif menghambat pengikatan ACh ke reseptor asetilkolin muskarinik; agen tersebut tidak memusuhi pengikatan reseptor asetilkolin nikotinat di persimpangan neuromuskular, meskipun istilah ini kadang-kadang digunakan untuk merujuk pada agen yang melakukan hal tersebut.
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