Tripitaka: Perbedaan antara revisi

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{{Buddhisme|kitab}}
'''Tripitaka''' ([[bahasa Pali|bahasa Pāli]]: "{{IAST|Tipiṭaka}}"; [[bahasa Sanskerta]]: "Tripiṭaka''"'') merupakan istilah yang digunakan oleh [[Buddhisme]] untuk menggambarkan kumpulan teks kanonis sebagai [[kitab suci]] [[Buddhisme]].<ref>"Buddhist Books and Texts: Canon and Canonization." Lewis Lancaster, ''Encyclopedia of Religion, 2nd edition'', pg 1252</ref> Tripitaka berarti "'''Tiga Keranjang" atau "Tiga Kelompok'''" yang menunjukkan pembagian kelompok kitab suci pada masa awalnya, yaitu [[Sutta Piṭaka]] (Pāli; Sanskerta: {{IAST|[[Sutra Pitaka|Sūtra Piṭaka]]}}), [[Vinaya Piṭaka]], dan [[Abhidhamma Piṭaka]] (Pāli; Sanskerta: {{IAST|[[Abhidharma|Abhidharma Piṭaka]]}}).
 
Beberapa versi Tripitaka masih lestari hingga zaman modern. [[Tripitaka Pāli|Tripitaka Pali]] (Kanon Pali) yang dianut oleh aliran [[Theravāda]], [[Tripitaka Tionghoa]] (Kanon Buddhis Tionghoa) yang dianut oleh aliran-aliran [[Mahāyāna]] (dari [[Buddhisme Tionghoa]]), dan [[Tripitaka Tibet]] (Kanon Buddhis Tibet) yang dianut oleh aliran [[Wajrayana|Vajrayāna]] adalah beberapa versi Tripitaka terpenting dalam dunia Buddhis kontemporer.<ref name="British Library">{{•}} {{cite web|last=Harvey|first=Peter|author-link=Peter Harvey (academic)|date=23 September 2019|title=The Buddha and Buddhist sacred texts|url=https://www.bl.uk/sacred-texts/articles/the-buddha-and-buddhist-sacred-texts|website=www.bl.uk|publisher=[[British Library]]|location=[[London]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112025801/https://www.bl.uk/sacred-texts/articles/the-buddha-and-buddhist-sacred-texts|archive-date=12 November 2020|access-date=23 September 2021|url-status=live}}
* [[Sutta Piṭaka|'''Sutta Piṭaka''']] (Pāli; Sanskerta: {{IAST|[[Sutra Pitaka|Sūtra Piṭaka]]}}) artinya "Keranjang Diskursus", berisi diskursus yang disampaikan oleh [[Buddha]] atau murid-Nya berupa percakapan, khotbah, dan cerita.
* [[Vinaya Piṭaka|'''Vinaya Piṭaka''']] artinya "Keranjang Disiplin", berisi peraturan untuk umat yang menjalani kehidupan monastik ([[Saṅgha]]), yaitu [[bhikkhu]] dan [[Bhikkhunī|bhikkhuṇī]].
* [[Abhidhamma Piṭaka|'''Abhidhamma Piṭaka''']] (Pāli; Sanskerta: {{IAST|[[Abhidharma|Abhidharma Piṭaka]]}}) artinya "Keranjang Dhamma Luhur", berisi penjelasan [[Dhamma]] secara kebenaran luhur/hakiki yang lebih tinggi dari kebenaran konvensional atau konsep.
 
{{•}} {{cite web|last=Barrett|first=T. H.|date=23 September 2019|title=Translation and Transmission of Buddhist texts|url=https://www.bl.uk/sacred-texts/articles/translation-and-transmission-of-buddhism|website=www.bl.uk|publisher=[[British Library]]|location=[[London]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225062307/https://www.bl.uk/sacred-texts/articles/translation-and-transmission-of-buddhism#|archive-date=25 February 2021|access-date=23 September 2021|url-status=live}}
Meskipun pengelompokkan menjadi tiga kelompok ini hanya bertahan pada versi [[Tripitaka Pāli]], versi Tripitaka lainnya seperti [[Tripitaka Tionghoa]] (aliran [[Mahayana|Mahāyāna]]) dan [[Tripitaka Tibet]] (aliran [[Wajrayana|Vajrayāna]]) tetap disebut sebagai "Tripitaka" meskipun tidak secara eksplisit disusun dalam tiga kelompok.<ref>Jiang Wu, "The Chinese Buddhist Canon through the Ages: Essential Categories and Critical Issues in the Study of a Textual Tradition" in ''Spreading Buddha's word in East Asia: the formation and transformation of the Chinese Buddhist canon'', p. 23, ed. Jiang Wu and Lucille Chia, New York: Columbia University Press (2015)</ref><ref>Lancaster, Lewis, "The Movement of Buddhist Texts from India to China and the Construction of the Chinese Buddhist Canon", pp. 226-227, in ''Buddhism Across Boundaries--Chinese Buddhism and the Western Regions'', ed. John R McRae and Jan Nattier, Sino-Platonic Papers 222, Philadelphia, PA: Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations, University of Pennsylvania (2012)</ref><ref name=":0">Mizuno, ''Essentials of Buddhism'', 1972, English version by Ritik Bhadana, Tokyo, 1996</ref> Aliran [[Theravāda]] hanya mengakui versi [[Tripitaka Pāli]]. Aliran [[Mahāyāna]] umumnya mengakui [[Tripitaka Tionghoa]] dan sebagian isi [[Tripitaka Pāli]].
 
{{•}} {{cite web|last=Barrett|first=T. H.|date=23 September 2019|title=The Development of the Buddhist Canon|url=https://www.bl.uk/sacred-texts/articles/the-buddhist-canon|website=www.bl.uk|publisher=[[British Library]]|location=[[London]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210407060443/https://www.bl.uk/sacred-texts/articles/the-buddhist-canon|archive-date=7 April 2021|access-date=23 September 2021|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
Meskipun pengelompokkan menjadi tiga kelompok ini hanya bertahan pada versi [[Tripitaka Pāli]], versi Tripitaka lainnya seperti [[Tripitaka Tionghoa]] (aliran [[Mahayana|Mahāyāna]]) dan [[Tripitaka Tibet]] (aliran [[Wajrayana|Vajrayāna]]) tetap disebut sebagai "Tripitaka" meskipun tidak secara eksplisit disusun dalam tiga kelompok.<ref>Jiang Wu, "The Chinese Buddhist Canon through the Ages: Essential Categories and Critical Issues in the Study of a Textual Tradition" in ''Spreading Buddha's word in East Asia: the formation and transformation of the Chinese Buddhist canon'', p. 23, ed. Jiang Wu and Lucille Chia, New York: Columbia University Press (2015)</ref><ref>Lancaster, Lewis, "The Movement of Buddhist Texts from India to China and the Construction of the Chinese Buddhist Canon", pp. 226-227, in ''Buddhism Across Boundaries--Chinese Buddhism and the Western Regions'', ed. John R McRae and Jan Nattier, Sino-Platonic Papers 222, Philadelphia, PA: Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations, University of Pennsylvania (2012)</ref><ref name=":0">Mizuno, ''Essentials of Buddhism'', 1972, English version by Ritik Bhadana, Tokyo, 1996</ref> Aliran [[Theravāda]] hanya mengakui versi [[Tripitaka Pāli]] dan menolak versi lainnya. Aliran [[Mahāyāna]] umumnya mengakui [[Tripitaka Tionghoa]] dan sebagian isi [[Tripitaka Pāli]].
 
== Versi ==