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* {{aut|[[Adian Husaini|Husaini, Adian]]}} (2005). ''Wajah Peradaban Barat''. [[Jakarta]]: Gema Insani Press. ISBN 979-561-992-6.
 
== =Bacaan lanjutan lanjut===
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* [[Franz Babinger]]: ''Mehmed the Conqueror and His Time'' (1992) Princeton University Press ISBN 0-691-01078-1
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* [http://www.deremilitari.org/resources/sources/constantinople3.htm The Siege of Constantinople] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204035550/http://www.deremilitari.org/resources/sources/constantinople3.htm |date=2012-02-04 }} (1453), according to the eyewitness Nicolò Barbaro
* {{cite book |last=Akbar |first=M. J. |title=The Shade of Swords: Jihad and the Conflict Between Islam and Christianity |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d_iBAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA86 |date=2002 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-134-45259-0 |access-date=6 August 2020 |archive-date=12 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201012040247/https://books.google.com/books?id=d_iBAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA86 |url-status=live }}
* {{cite book
* {{Cite book |last=Arnold |first=Thomas |title=The Renaissance at War |publisher=Cassell & Co. |year=2001 |isbn=0-304-35270-5}}
| last = Murr Nehme
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| first = Lina
* {{cite book |last1=Beg |first1=Tursun |translator1-last=Inalcik |translator1-first=Halil |translator2-last=Murphey |translator2-first=Rhoads |title=The History of Mehmed the Conqueror |date=1978 |publisher=Biblioteca Islamica |location=Chicago}}
| authorlink = Lina Murr Nehme
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| year = 2003
* {{cite book |last1=Concasty |first1=Marie-Louise |title=Les 'Informations' de Jacques Tedaldi sur le siège et la prise de Constantinople |date=1955 |oclc=459382832 |language=fr}}
| title = 1453: The Conquest of Constantinople
* {{cite book |last=Crowley |first=Roger |year=2005 |title=1453: The Holy War for Constantinople and the Clash of Islam and the West |publisher=Hyperion |isbn=978-1-4013-0558-1}}
| publisher = Aleph Et Taw
** {{Cite book |last=Crowley |first=Roger |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eVdrAwAAQBAJ |title=1453: The Holy War for Constantinople and the Clash of Islam and the West |year=2013b |publisher=Hachette Books |isbn=978-1-4013-0558-1 |access-date=1 August 2022 |archive-date=10 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231210182601/https://books.google.com/books?id=eVdrAwAAQBAJ |url-status=live }}
| isbn = 2868398162
* {{cite book |last1=Crowley |first1=Roger |title=Constantinople |date=2013a |publisher=Faber & Faber |isbn=978-0-571-29820-4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3XuskQEACAAJ |access-date=2 March 2021 |language=en |archive-date=6 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240106131956/https://books.google.com/books?id=3XuskQEACAAJ |url-status=live }}
}}
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* [[Richard A. Fletcher]]: ''The Cross and the Crescent'' (2005) Penguin Group ISBN 0-14-303481-2
* {{Cite book |last=Desimoni |first=C. |title=Adamo di Montaldo |year=1874 |series=Atti della Società Ligure di Storia Patria (Proceedings of the Ligurian Society for Homeland History) |volume=X |location=Genoa |language=it}}
* Harris, Jonathan, ''Constantinople: Capital of Byzantium'' (2007) Hambledon/Continuum. ISBN 978-1-84725-179-4
* {{cite book |last1=Durant |first1=Will |title=The Reformation: The Story of Civilization, Volume VI |date=2011 |publisher=Simon and Schuster |isbn=978-1-4516-4763-1 |language=en}}
* Harris, Jonathan, ''The End of Byzantium'' (2010) Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-11786-8
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* {{cite book|last = Nicolle|first = David|authorlink=David Nicolle|year = 2000|title = Constantinople 1453: The end of Byzantium|publisher = Osprey Publishing|isbn = 1-84176-091-9}}
* {{cite book |last1=Emecen |first1=Feridun M. |title=Fetih ve kıyamet, 1453: İstanbul'un fethi ve kıyamet senaryoları |date=2012 |publisher=Timaş |location=İstanbul |isbn=9786051149318}}
* {{cite book
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| last = Norwich
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| first = John Julius
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| authorlink = John Julius Norwich
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| year = 1995
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| title = Byzantium: The Decline and Fall
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| url = https://archive.org/details/byzantiumdecline00norw
* {{Cite book |last=Kritovoulos |first=Michael |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V2aHDwAAQBAJ |title=History of Mehmed the Conqueror |publisher=Princeton University Press |year=1954 |isbn=978-0-691-19790-6 |location=Princeton, NJ |translator-last=Riggs |translator-first=C. T. |access-date=29 May 2020 |archive-date=1 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200801131219/https://books.google.com/books?id=V2aHDwAAQBAJ |url-status=live }}
| publisher = Alfred A. Knopf
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| location = New York
* {{Cite book |last=Lanning |first=Michael Lee |title=The Battle 100: The Stories Behind History's Most Influential Battles |publisher=Sourcebooks, Inc. |year=2005 |isbn=1-4022-2475-3}}
| isbn = 0-679-41650-1
* {{Cite book |last=Lilie |first=Ralph-Johannes |title=Bisanzio la seconda Roma |year=2005 |publisher=Newton Compton |location=Rome}}
}}
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* {{cite book
* {{Cite book |last=Mango |first=Cyril |title=The Oxford History of Byzantium |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2002 |location=New York}}
| last = Pertusi
* {{cite book |last1=Melissenos |first1=Makarios |editor1-last=Philippides |editor1-first=Marios |title=The Fall of the Byzantine Empire, A Chronicle by George Sphrantzes, 1401–1477 |date=1980 |publisher=University of Massachusetts Press |location=Amherst |chapter=The Chronicle of the Siege of Constantinople, April 2 to May 29, 1453}}
| first = Agostino, ed.
* {{cite book |last1=Melville-Jones |first1=John R. |title=The Siege of Constantinople 1453: Seven Contemporary Accounts |date=1972 |publisher=Adolf M. Hakkert |location=Amsterdam |isbn=90-256-0626-1}}
| year = 1976
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| title = La Caduta di Costantinopoli, I: Le testimonianze dei contemporanei
* {{Cite book |last=Nicol |first=Donald M. |title=The Last Centuries of Byzantium, 1261–1453 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y2d6OHLqwEsC&pg=PA388 |date=1993 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |edition=2nd |location=Cambridge |isbn=978-0-521-43991-6 |access-date=3 October 2022 |archive-date=3 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221003234154/https://books.google.com/books?id=y2d6OHLqwEsC&pg=PA388 |url-status=live }}
| publisher = Fondazione Lorenzo Valla
* {{Cite book |last=Nicol |first=Donald M. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lnSmnmL984YC |title=The Immortal Emperor: The Life and Legend of Constantine Palaiologos, Last Emperor of the Romans |date=2002 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-89409-8 |language=en |access-date=9 January 2018 |archive-date=2 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190702192603/https://books.google.com/books?id=lnSmnmL984YC |url-status=live }}
| location = Verona
* {{Cite book |last=Nicolle |first=David |title=Constantinople 1453: The End of Byzantium (Campaign) |publisher=[[Osprey Publishing]] |year=2000 |isbn=1-84176-091-9 |volume=78 |location=Oxford |author-link=David Nicolle}}
| language = Italian
* {{Cite book |last=Norwich |first=John Julius |title=Byzantium: The Decline and Fall |publisher=Alfred A. Knopf |year=1995 |isbn=0-679-41650-1 |location=New York |author-link=John Julius Norwich}}
}}
* {{Cite book |last=Norwich |first=John Julius |title=A Short History of Byzantium |publisher=Vintage Books |year=1997 |location=New York}}
* {{cite book
<!-- O -->
| last = Pertusi
<!-- P -->
| first = Agostino, ed.
* {{cite book |last1=Philippides |first1=Marios |last2=Hanak |first2=Walter K. |title=The siege and the fall of Constantinople in 1453 |date=2011 |publisher=Ashgate |location=Farnham Burlington, Vermont |isbn=9781409410645}}
| year = 1976
<!-- Q -->
| title = La Caduta di Costantinopoli, II: L’eco nel mondo
<!-- R -->
| publisher = Fondazione Lorenzo Valla
* {{Cite book |last=Reinert |first=Stephen |title=The Oxford History of Byzantium |publisher=Oxford UP |year=2002 |location=New York}}
| location = Verona
* {{Cite book |last=Runciman |first=Steven |title=The Fall of Constantinople, 1453 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1965 |isbn=978-0-521-39832-9 |edition=Canto |location=Cambridge, England |author-link=Steven Runciman}}
| language = Italian
<!-- S -->
}}
* {{Cite book |last=Setton |first=Kenneth M. |title=The Papacy and the Levant (1204–1571): The Fifteenth Century |publisher=DJane Publishing |year=1978 |isbn=0-87169-127-2 |volume=2 |author-link=Kenneth Setton}}
* {{cite book
* {{cite book |last=Sphrantzes |first=George |translator-last1=Philippides |translator-first1=Marios |title=The fall of the Byzantine Empire: a chronicle |date=1980 |publisher=University of Massachusetts Press |location=Amherst |isbn=978-0-87023-290-9}}
| last = Runciman
* {{cite book |editor-last=Spilling |editor-first=Michael |title=Battles That Changed History: Key Battles That Decided the Fate of Nations |location=London |publisher=Amber Books Ltd. |year=2010 |isbn=9781906842123}}
| first = Steven
| authorlink = Steven Runciman
| year = 1965
| title = The Conquest of Constantinople: 1453
| url = https://archive.org/details/fallofconstantin0000runc
| publisher = Cambridge University Press
| location = Cambridge
| isbn = 0-521-39832-0
}}
* Smith, Michael Llewellyn, "The Fall of Constantinople", in ''History Makers magazine'' No. 5 (London, Marshall Cavendish, Sidgwick & Jackson, 1969) p.&nbsp;192
* Andrew Wheatcroft: ''The Infidels: The Conflict Between Christendom and Islam, 638–2002'' (2003) Viking Publishing ISBN 0-670-86942-2
* [[Justin Wintle]]: ''The Rough Guide History of Islam'' (2003) Rough Guides ISBN 1-84353-018-X
 
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[[Kategori:Sejarah Turki]]
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[[Kategori:Kekaisaran Romawi Timur]]
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[[Kategori:Kesultanan Utsmaniyah]]
* {{Cite book |last=Vasiliev |first=Alexander |title=A History of the Byzantine Empire, Vol. II |date=1928 |publisher=University of Wisconsin Press |volume=II |location=Madison |translator-last=Ragozin |translator-first=S.}}
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