Teofilin/efedrin: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Kombinasi teofilin, efedrin, dan fenobarbital (nama merek Tedral antara lain) juga telah banyak digunakan untuk mengobati asma.[12][13][14][15] Banyak kombinasi tersebut telah dipasarkan dengan berbagai nama merek.[15] Teofilin juga telah dipasarkan dalam kombinasi dengan simpatomimetik seperti efedrin lainnya seperti rasefedrin dan pseudoefedrin dan dengan barbiturat lainnya seperti amobarbital dan butabarbital, di antara obat-obatan lainnya.[15] Kombinasi teofilin, efedrin, dan hidroksizin telah dipasarkan dengan nama merek Marax antara lain juga.[16][17][18] Kombinasi teofilin, efedrin, dan barbiturat kemudian dihapuskan demi kombinasi teofilin dan efedrin saja (misalnya, nama merek Franol).[2][1] Kombinasi dosis tetap teofilin dan efedrin ditinggalkan setelah tahun 1970-an karena tidak memungkinkan titrasi dosis dalam terapi asma akibat toksisitas efedrin.[19]
Efek teofilin/efedrin sebagai [[zat ergogenik|obat peningkat performa]] dalam [[latihan fisik]] dan [[olahraga]] telah dipelajari.<ref name="Kennedy2021">{{cite journal | vauthors = Kennedy M | title = Effects of theophylline and theobromine on exercise performance and implications for competition sport: A systematic review | journal = Drug Testing and Analysis | volume = 13 | issue = 1 | pages = 36–43 | date = January 2021 | pmid = 33188564 | doi = 10.1002/dta.2970 }}</ref><ref name="SidneyLefcoe1978">{{cite journal | vauthors = Sidney KH, Lefcoe NM | title = Effects of anti-asthmatic medication (ephedrine plus theophylline) upon the physical performance and work capacity of healthy track athletes | date = 1978 | journal = Can J Appl Sport Sci | volume = 3 | pages = 93–97 | url = https://scholar.google.com/scholar?cluster=707479795512859830}}</ref> Penggunaan kombinasi teofilin/efedrin telah menyebabkan diskualifikasi atlet elit karena efedrin dilarang dalam olahraga kompetitif.<ref name="HeleniusHaahtela2000">{{cite journal | vauthors = Helenius I, Haahtela T | title = Allergy and asthma in elite summer sport athletes | journal = The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology | volume = 106 | issue = 3 | pages = 444–452 | date = September 2000 | pmid = 10984362 | doi = 10.1067/mai.2000.107749 | quote = Team physicians became interested in asthma in elite athletes after the 1972 Olympic Games in Munich. The winner of the men's 400 m freestyle swimming race was disqualified because a significant amount of a banned drug, ephedrine, was found in his postrace urinalysis sample. The swimmer had used a combination preparation of theophylline and ephedrine for the treatment of his asthma. Since then both US and Australian Olympic Committees have put special emphasis on the accurate diagnosis and treatment of asthma in their Olympic teams.1,2 }}</ref>
== Referensi ==
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