Empat Kebenaran Mulia: Perbedaan antara revisi

* '''''samudaya''''' ("munculnya atau asal penderitaan"): bersama ''dukkha'' ada ''[[Nafsu keinginan|taṇhā]]'' ("nafsu kehausan"); [[Kemelekatan (Buddhisme)|kemelekatan]] (''upādāna'') atas keberadaan yang ''dukkha.''<ref name="EB-4NTb" group="web">[https://www.britannica.com/topic/Four-Noble-Truths Four Noble Truths: BUDDHIST PHILOSOPHY], Encyclopaedia Britannica, Kutipan: "The second truth is the origin (Pali and Sanskrit: samudaya) or cause of suffering, which the Buddha associated with craving or attachment in his first sermon."</ref><ref>{{harvnb|Anderson|2004|pp=295–297}}. Kutipan: "The second truth is samudaya (arising or origin). To end suffering, the four noble truths tell us, one needs to know how and why suffering arises. The second noble truth explains that suffering arises because of craving, desire, and attachment."</ref>{{sfn|Keown|2013|pp=53–55}}{{refn|When taking ''dukkha'' literal as suffering, ''taṇhā'' is often interpreted in western languages as the "cause" of "suffering," but ''tanha'' can also be interpreted as the factor tying us to physical and emotional suffering, or as a response to physical and emotional suffering, trying to escape it;{{sfn|Brazier|2001}}|group=note}}{{sfn|Batchelor|2012|pp=95–97}}

* '''''nirodha''''' ("terhentinya penderitaan"): [[Kemelekatan (Buddhisme)|kemelekatan]] atas ''dukkha'' dapat dilenyapkan oleh pelepasan atas ''taṇhā'';{{sfn|Batchelor|2012|pp=95–97}}{{sfn|Buswell|Lopez|2014|page="nirodha"}}{{sfn|Anderson|2001|p=96}}<ref>{{harvnb|Anderson|2004|pp=295–297}}, Kutipan: "The third truth follows from the second: If the cause of suffering is desire and attachment to various things, then the way to end suffering is to eliminate craving, desire, and attachment. The third truth is called nirodha, which means 'ending' or 'cessation'. To stop suffering, one must stop desiring";</ref>{{sfn|Keown|2013|pp=56–58}} keadaan yang pada akhirnya mengarah ke pencapaian [[Nirwana]],<ref name=":2">{{Citation|title=PENGURAIAN PATICCASAMUPPADA SECARA SIMPEL {{!}} Bhante Maha Dhammadhiro Mahathera|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r7GQAqylh98|date=2023-11-14|accessdate=2024-08-21|last=Vihara Buddharatana Medan}}</ref> termasuk [[empat tingkat kemuliaan]].