Revisi per 22 Oktober 2024 01.20 lihat sumber Achmad Rachmani (bicara \| kontrib) 3.406 suntingan →Sejarah: Pranala merah ← Revisi sebelumnya		Revisi per 22 Oktober 2024 01.21 lihat sumber Achmad Rachmani (bicara \| kontrib) 3.406 suntingan →Sejarah: Pranala merah Revisi selanjutnya →
Baris 99: Kesuksesan tersebut kemudian menyebar (khususnya ke negara-negara [[Asia]]), yang diperkirakan mencapai 60 negara;<ref>{{cite news\|last=McCurry\|first=Justin\|date=June 3, 2015\|title=Japanese robot cat Doraemon helps ease diplomatic tensions with China\|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]\|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jun/03/japanese-robot-cat-doraemon-eases-diplomatic-tensions-with-china\|dead-url=no\|access-date=July 18, 2016\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160722031540/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jun/03/japanese-robot-cat-doraemon-eases-diplomatic-tensions-with-china\|archive-date=July 22, 2016}}</ref> hal tersebut dianggap sebagai salah satu bentuk ''[[Kekuasaan lunak\|soft power]]'' Jepang.<ref name=":21">{{Harvnb\|Shiraishi\|1997\|p=234}}</ref> Citra Jepang di negara-negara tersebut pun berubah, dari sebelumnya yang dipenuhi citra militeristik pasca-[[Perang Dunia II]], menjadi "dunia imajinasi" dan penghasil cerita komik utama dunia menggantikan [[Amerika Serikat]].<ref>[https://www.kompasiana.com/yusrandarmawan/551756b6a333118307b65bd7/doraemon-keabadian-dan-penetrasi-bangsa-jepang Doraemon, Keabadian, dan Penetrasi Bangsa Jepang]</ref> Tercatat juga dalam rangka mendukung ''branding'' ''[[Cool Japan]]'' yang dicanangkan pemerintahnya, pada awal 2010-an beberapa perusahaan Jepang seperti [[Sharp Corporation]] dan [[Toyota]] pernah menayangkan sejumlah iklan yang menggunakan karakter Doraemon (hasil kerjasama dengan Shogakukan) di sejumlah negara.<ref>{{Cite web\|date=July 2015\|title=Cool Japan Initiative\|url=http://www.meti.go.jp/policy/mono_info_service/mono/creative/150706CJInitiativeJuly.pdf\|dead-url=no\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160328103734/http://www.meti.go.jp/policy/mono_info_service/mono/creative/150706CJInitiativeJuly.pdf\|archive-date=2016-03-28\|access-date=2022-01-14\|publisher=[[:en:Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry\|METI]]\|page=3}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|last=Denny\|first=Mac\|date=2011-11-20\|title=Toyota Introduces Increasingly Impressive Cast for Live-Action Doraemon Commercials\|url=https://soranews24.com/2011/11/20/toyota-rolls-out-increasingly-impressive-cast-for-live-action-doraemon-commercials/\|dead-url=no\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180805143312/https://soranews24.com/2011/11/20/toyota-rolls-out-increasingly-impressive-cast-for-live-action-doraemon-commercials/\|archive-date=2018-08-05\|access-date=2022-01-14\|website=SoraNews24}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|last=Loo\|first=Egan\|date=July 15, 2012\|title=Jean Reno Goes to Olympics as Doraemon in New Live-Action Ad – News\|url=http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2012-07-14/jean-reno-goes-to-olympics-as-doraemon-in-new-live-action-ad\|dead-url=no\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121108100519/http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2012-07-14/jean-reno-goes-to-olympics-as-doraemon-in-new-live-action-ad\|archive-date=November 8, 2012\|access-date=January 31, 2013\|website=Anime News Network}}</ref> Menurut analis Leo Ching, popularitas tersebut salah satunya disebabkan nilai-nilai Doraemon sejalan dengan budaya Asia, seperti mementingkan tanggung jawab dan imajinasi.<ref>{{Cite book\|last=Ching\|first=Leo\|title=Globalizing the Regional, Regionalizing the Global: Mass Culture and Asianism in the Age of Late Capital\|publisher=Duke University Press\|year=2000\|isbn=0822327236\|editor-last=Appadurai\|editor-first=Arjun\|pages=297}}</ref> Namun, hal sebaliknya terjadi di [[Dunia Barat\|negara-negara Barat]], dikarenakan Doraemon dianggap terlalu spesifik untuk anak-anak saja.<ref>{{Harvnb\|Shiraishi\|1997\|p=267}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=Cooper-Chen\|first=Anne\|title=Cartoon Cultures: The Globalization of Japanese Popular Media\|publisher=Peter Lang\|year=2010\|isbn=978-1433103681\|pages=85}}</ref> Adapun manga ini juga sudah meraih sejumlah penghargaan, seperti [[Japan Cartoonists Association Award]] di tahun 1973 dan 1994;<ref>{{Cite web\|date=2009-06-17\|title=第2回(1973年度)\|trans-title=2nd (1973)\|url=http://www.nihonmangakakyokai.or.jp/index.php?tbl=award&startIndex=40\|dead-url=no\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131215145105/http://www.nihonmangakakyokai.or.jp/index.php?tbl=award&startIndex=40\|archive-date=2013-12-15\|access-date=2018-06-10\|publisher=Japan Cartoonists Association\|language=ja}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|date=2009-06-17\|title=第23回(1994年度)\|trans-title=23rd (1994)\|url=http://www.nihonmangakakyokai.or.jp/index.php?tbl=award&startIndex=10\|dead-url=no\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131215140842/http://www.nihonmangakakyokai.or.jp/index.php?tbl=award&startIndex=10\|archive-date=2013-12-15\|access-date=2018-06-10\|publisher=Japan Cartoonists Association\|language=ja}}</ref> [[Penghargaan Manga Shogakukan]] untuk manga anak-anak di tahun 1982;<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://comics.shogakukan.co.jp/mangasho/rist.html\|script-title=ja:小学館漫画賞：歴代受賞者（第１回–第59回）\|trans-title=Shogakukan Manga Award: Winners (1st – 59th)\|publisher=[[Shogakukan]]\|language=ja\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150626124927/http://comics.shogakukan.co.jp/mangasho/rist.html\|archive-date=June 26, 2015\|access-date=November 3, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|last=Hahn\|first=Joel\|date=2006\|title=Shogakukan Manga Award\|url=http://www.hahnlibrary.net/comics/awards/shogakukan.php\|dead-url=no\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080405204147/http://www.hahnlibrary.net/comics/awards/shogakukan.php\|archive-date=2008-04-05\|access-date=2021-05-27\|website=Comic Book Awards Almanac}}</ref> dan hadiah pertama pada [[Penghargaan Kebudayaan Osamu Tezuka]] di tahun 1997.<ref>{{cite web\|title=第1回マンガ大賞藤子・Ｆ・不二雄『ドラえもん』(小学館)\|script-title=\|trans-title=1st Manga Award Fujiko F. Fujio "Doraemon" (Shogakukan)\|url=http://www.asahi.com/shimbun/award/tezuka/97a.html\|dead-url=no\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090503102232/http://www.asahi.com/shimbun/award/tezuka/97a.html\|archive-date=May 3, 2009\|access-date=July 18, 2010\|work=[[Asahi Shimbun]]\|language=ja}}</ref> Dalam majalah ''[[Time (majalah)\|Time]]'' di tahun 2002, Doraemon menjadi satu-satunya "Pahlawan Asia" (''Asian Heroes'', disebutkan sebagai "Pahlawan Terimut di Asia") yang berasal dari karakter fiktif.<ref>{{cite magazine\|last=Iyer\|first=Pico\|date=April 29, 2002\|title=The Cuddliest Hero in Asia\|magazine=[[Time (magazine)\|Time Asia]]\|url=http://www.time.com/time/asia/features/heroes/doraemon.html\|dead-url=yes\|access-date=February 17, 2010\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100308004845/http://www.time.com/time/asia/features/heroes/doraemon.html\|archive-date=March 8, 2010}}</ref> Pada tahun 2008, [[Kementerian Luar Negeri (Jepang~~)\|Kementerian Luar Negeri Jepang]]~~ menetapkan Doraemon menjadi "duta kartun" negara itu,<ref>[https://internasional.kompas.com/read/2008/03/20/11033795/doraemon-duta-kartun-jepang Doraemon Duta Kartun Jepang]</ref> dan 8 tahun kemudian, robot kucing ini "hadir" di penutupan [[Olimpiade Musim Panas 2016]] [[Brasil]] untuk menyambut rencana pelaksanaan [[Olimpiade Musim Panas 2020]] di Tokyo, Jepang.<ref>{{cite news\|last1=Palazzo\|first1=Chiara\|date=August 22, 2016\|title=Shinzo Abe emerges from a green pipe disguised as Super Mario during Rio Closing Ceremony\|work=The Daily Telegraph\|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/olympics/2016/08/22/shinzo-abe-emerges-from-a-green-pipe-disguised-as-super-mario-du/\|dead-url=no\|access-date=August 22, 2016\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160822025340/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/olympics/2016/08/22/shinzo-abe-emerges-from-a-green-pipe-disguised-as-super-mario-du/\|archive-date=August 22, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine\|last1=Samuelson\|first1=Kate\|date=August 22, 2016\|title=Shinzo Abe Dresses as Super Mario for Rio Closing Ceremony\|magazine=[[Time (magazine)\|Time]]\|url=http://time.com/4460923/super-mario-japan-prime-minister-shinzo-abe/\|dead-url=no\|access-date=August 22, 2016\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160822100538/http://time.com/4460923/super-mario-japan-prime-minister-shinzo-abe/\|archive-date=August 22, 2016}}</ref> Namun, juga muncul penilaian negatif atas Doraemon. Seperti karakternya yang kontroversial, contohnya Giant yang kasar dan Nobita yang seringkali bertindak "cabul", adanya ketergantungan pada "alat ajaib" yang diklaim bisa membuat anak menjadi malas,<ref>[http://junantoherdiawan.com/2012/09/03/bertemu-doraemon-di-jepang/ Bertemu Doraemon di Jepang]</ref> belum lagi tingkah laku tokoh dewasa yang sering merokok dan meminum [[minuman beralkohol]]. Hal tersebut dianggap dapat berpengaruh negatif ke anak-anak, yang tercatat sempat berbuah rencana penghentian penayangannya di [[India]] dan [[Pakistan]].<ref name=":28">{{Cite web\|last=Ressler\|first=Karen\|date=2016-08-04\|title=Resolution to Ban Doraemon Anime Series Submitted in Pakistan\|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2016-08-04/resolution-to-ban-doraemon-anime-series-submitted-in-pakistan/.105034\|dead-url=no\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160805181931/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2016-08-04/resolution-to-ban-doraemon-anime-series-submitted-in-pakistan/.105034\|archive-date=2016-08-05\|access-date=2022-01-12\|website=[[Anime News Network]]}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web\|last=McCurry\|first=Justin\|date=October 7, 2016\|title=Japanese robot cat Doraemon raises hackles in India and Pakistan\|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/oct/07/doraemon-japanese-robot-cat-raises-hackles-in-india-and-pakistan\|dead-url=no\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161007094520/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/oct/07/doraemon-japanese-robot-cat-raises-hackles-in-india-and-pakistan\|archive-date=October 7, 2016\|access-date=January 16, 2021\|website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> Adapun di Indonesia, anggapan "tidak pantas"-nya beberapa cerita Doraemon pernah membuahkan kontroversi ketika televisi penayangnya mem-''blur'' karakter Shizuka yang menggunakan pakaian renang; hal ini menuai kritik dari [[warganet]] yang banyak menyalahkan [[Komisi Penyiaran Indonesia]] (KPI), walaupun pihak KPI mengaku mereka tidak pernah memerintahkan hal tersebut.<Ref>[https://hot.detik.com/tv-news/d-4662317/kpi-minta-televisi-berbenah-shizuka-berenang-tak-perlu-sensor KPI Minta Televisi Berbenah, Shizuka Berenang Tak Perlu Sensor]</ref> Sementara itu, di [[Tiongkok]], muncul [[propaganda]] yang menyebut Doraemon sebagai karakter [[subversif]] yang menjadi alat "invasi budaya" oleh Jepang.<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Cain\|first=Rob\|date=2015-05-31\|title=Japan's Unlikely Ambassador: a Cartoon Robot Cat From the Future Wins China's Hearts and Minds\|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/robcain/2015/05/31/japans-unlikely-ambassador-a-cartoon-robot-cat-from-the-future-wins-chinas-hearts-and-minds/\|dead-url=no\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150602234505/https://www.forbes.com/sites/robcain/2015/05/31/japans-unlikely-ambassador-a-cartoon-robot-cat-from-the-future-wins-chinas-hearts-and-minds/\|archive-date=2015-06-02\|access-date=2021-02-02\|website=Forbes\|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|last=McCurry\|first=Justin\|date=2014-10-12\|title=Doraemon a character of subversion, claim Chinese media\|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/News/Regional/2014/10/12/Doraemon-a-character-of-subversion-claim-Chinese-media/\|dead-url=no\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141202165010/https://www.thestar.com.my/News/Regional/2014/10/12/Doraemon-a-character-of-subversion-claim-Chinese-media/\|archive-date=December 2, 2014\|access-date=January 18, 2021\|website=[[The Star (Malaysia)\|The Star]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|last=Piao\|first=Vanessa\|date=September 29, 2014\|title=A Warning in China: Beware the 'Blue Fatty' Cat\|url=https://sinosphere.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/09/29/a-warning-in-china-beware-the-blue-fatty-cat/\|dead-url=no\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140929045110/https://sinosphere.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/09/29/a-warning-in-china-beware-the-blue-fatty-cat/\|archive-date=September 29, 2014\|access-date=January 18, 2021\|website=Sinosphere Blog\|publisher=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref>

Doraemon: Perbedaan antara revisi