Ba 'Alwi: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Ilmu genetika memiliki postulat mengenai Y DNA yang mengatakan bahwa [[:en:Human_Y-chromosome_DNA_haplogroup|Y DNA]] bersifat non recombinant <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Calafell|first=Francesc|date=2017|title=The Y chromosome as the most popular marker in genetic genealogy benefits interdisciplinary research|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27817057/|journal=Hum Gen|doi=10.1007/s00439-016-1740-0}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Murci|first=Lluís Quintana|date=2001|title=The human Y chromosome: the biological role of a “functional wasteland”|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC79676/|journal=J Biomed Biotechnol|doi=10.1155/S1110724301000080}}</ref> dan [[:en:Single-nucleotide_polymorphism|SNP]] sebagai penanda genetis bermutasi pelan dengan kecepatan (0.67 sampai 0.99) × 10 pangkat (−9) per base pair per year <ref>{{Cite journal|last=Balanovsky|first=Oleg|date=2017|title=Toward a consensus on SNP and STR mutation rates on the human Y-chromosome|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28455625/|journal=Hum Genet|doi=10.1007/s00439-017-1805-8}}</ref> . Tiap SNP akan membentuk grup dan grup ini disebut [[:en:Human_Y-chromosome_DNA_haplogroup|haplogroup]]. Sebuah haplogroup merepresentasikan semua keturunan dari seorang leluhur yang memiliki mutasi SNP unik tersebut. Jadi dengan kata lain , sebuah haplogroup adalah sekelompok orang yang secara bersama memiliki SNP unik tertentu.Mereka bisa memiliki secara bersama lebih dari satu SNP , tapi mereka dipastikan memiliki satu SNP unik yang sudah ditunjuk sebagai nama dari haplogroup tersebut. Jika seorang leluhur memiliki mutasi SNP tertentu tersebut , maka haplogroup tersebut akan meliputi semua keturunan dari leluhur tersebut. Tiap pria yang bukan keturunan dari leluhur tersebut tidak akan memiliki mutasi SNP dimaksud dan secara definisi bukan bagian dari haplogroup tersebut <ref>{{Cite book|last=Vance|first=David|date=2020|url=https://books.google.co.id/books/about/The_Genealogist_s_Guide_to_Y_DNA_Testing.html?id=BJKtzQEACAAJ&redir_esc=y|title=The Genealogist's Guide to Y-DNA Testing for Genetic Genealogy|publisher=J. David Vance, 2020|isbn=9798621504779|pages=Part 6|url-status=live}}</ref>.
Klaim nasab Ba'alwi sebagai keturunan langsung Muhammad kini mengalami keraguan serius akibat hasil tes DNA yang menunjukkan ketidaksesuaian <ref>{{Cite web|last=Utsman al Bantani|first=Imaduddin|date=2024-04-28|title=Debat DNA Padasuka TV: Dr. Sugeng Sugiharto|url=https://rminubanten.or.id/debat-dna-padasuka-tv-dr-sugeng-sugiharto/|website=RMI NU Banten|access-date=2024-08-07}}</ref>. Berdasarkan proyek Ba 'Alawi di familytreedna <ref>{{Cite web|last=Alawi|first=Huseini|title=Ba 'Alawi|url=https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/baalawi/about|website=Familytreedna|access-date=2024-08-08}}</ref> , individu-individu yang tergabung dalam proyek tersebut memiliki haplogroup yang tidak seragam <ref>{{Cite web|last=FamilyTreeDNA|title=Ba'Alwi Sadah DNA Project Result|url=https://www.familytreedna.com/public/baalawi?iframe=ycolorized|website=|access-date=2024-06-22}}</ref> , sementara Bani Quraish (dimana Rasulullah Muhammad saw termasuk bagian darinya <ref>{{Cite web|last=Rachman|first=Muhammad Hanif|date=2023-10-18|title=Mengenal Suku Quraisy dan 7 Keistimewaanya|url=https://islam.nu.or.id/syariah/mengenal-suku-quraisy-dan-7-keistimewaanya-zF1w6|website=Nahdlatul Ulama|access-date=2024-08-08}}</ref>) berada dalam haplogroup J1<ref>{{Cite web|last=FamilyTreeDNA|title=Quraysh & Banu-Hashem DNA Project Result|url=https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Qurayishj1c3d?iframe=ycolorized|access-date=}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite web|last=Alharazi|first=Abdullah|title=Quraysh & Banu-Hashem|url=https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/qurayishj-1c-3d/about/background|website=Familytreedna|access-date=2024-08-08}}</ref> .Haplogroup J1 diakui sebagai penanda genetik dari ras arab <ref>{{Cite book|last=bin Ibrahim|first=Syech Kholil|title=Al Muqaddimat fi Ilmil Ansab|pages=190|url-status=live}}</ref>. Sementara keturunan lurus laki-laki dari Husein bin Ali berupa haplogroup J1-FGC30416<ref>{{Cite web|last=FamilyTreeDNA|title=Hashem & Y-DNA cousins (FGC8712 & L862 Geography) - Background|url=https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/j-1el-147/about/background|access-date=}}</ref> dan Ali bin Abi-Thalib haplogroup J1-FGC10500<ref>{{Cite web|last=FamilyTreeDNA|title=Quraysh & Banu-Hashem - Background|url=https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/qurayishj-1c-3d/about/background|access-date=}}</ref> yang juga menginduk pada haplogroup cluster J1. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa garis keturunan Ba'alwi tidak lurus dari Muhammad, melainkan memiliki jalur yang berbeda secara genetis . <ref>{{Cite web|title=Nasab Klan Baalwi dalam Perspektif Genealogi Genetik by Sugeng Sugiharto|url=https://utas.me/sugeng_sugiharto/nasab-klan-baalwi-dalam-perspektif-genealogi-genetik-8l4zpos0/1|website=utas.me|language=en|access-date=2024-10-26}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Utsman al Bantani|first=Imaduddin|date=2024-04-28|title=Debat DNA Padasuka TV: Dr. Sugeng Sugiharto|url=https://rminubanten.or.id/debat-dna-padasuka-tv-dr-sugeng-sugiharto/|website=RMI NU Banten|access-date=2024-08-08}}</ref>
Penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Familytreedna menunjukkan bahwa sekitar 160 orang yang tergabung dalam proyek Ba'alwi familytreedna telah menjalani tes Y-DNA, dan hasilnya mereka memiliki haplogroup yang beragam .<ref>{{Cite web|last=Huseini|first=Alawi|title=Ba 'Alawi Sadah DNA Project|url=https://www.familytreedna.com/public/baalawi?iframe=yresults|website=Familytreedna|access-date=2024-08-02}}</ref>
▲==== Ahli yang mendukung Nasab Ba Alawi ====
Menurut sejarahwan dan ahli nasab,<ref>{{cite book|archive-date=26 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210826153720/https://ia800709.us.archive.org/10/items/olomnasb_ymail_20190103/السادة%20آل%20علوي%20أنسابهم%20أصولهم%20أعلامهم.pdf |author1=الجفري |date= |first=حاتم بن محمد |location=بيروت، لبنان |page=131 |publisher=منشورات ضفاف |title=السادة آل علوي العريضيون الحسينيون |url=https://ia800709.us.archive.org/10/items/olomnasb_ymail_20190103/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A9%20%D8%A2%D9%84%20%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%8A%20%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%87%D9%85%20%D8%A3%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%84%D9%87%D9%85%20%D8%A3%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87%D9%85.pdf}}<!-- auto-translated from Arabic by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> seperti: [[Ibn Tabataba]],<ref>{{cite book|archive-date=27 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210827033307/https://ia800207.us.archive.org/2/items/waq65795/65795.pdf |author1=ابن طباطبا |date= |first=يحيى بن محمد بن القاسم |location=الرياض، السعودية |page=167 |publisher=مكتبة جل المعرفة |title=أبناء الإمام في مصر والشام "الحسن والحسين رضي الله عنهما" |url=https://ia800207.us.archive.org/2/items/waq65795/65795.pdf}}<!-- auto-translated from Arabic by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> Baha al-Din al-Jindi,<ref>{{cite book|archive-date=26 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210826224548/https://ia802805.us.archive.org/33/items/ynmw2/ynmw2.pdf |author-link=بهاء الدين الجندي |author1=الجندي |date= |first=محمد بن يوسف بن يعقوب |location=صنعاء، اليمن |page=135 |publisher=مكتبة الإرشاد |title=السلوك في طبقات العلماء والملوك |url=https://ia802805.us.archive.org/33/items/ynmw2/ynmw2.pdf |volume=الثاني}}<!-- auto-translated from Arabic by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> Ibn Anba,<ref>{{cite book|archive-date=16 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210416164808/https://alkitabdar.com/wp-content/uploads/zirikli_alam1_2002.pdf |author-link=خير الدين الزركلي |author1=الزركلي |date=2002 |first=خير الدين |location=بيروت، لبنان |page=177 |publisher=دار العلم للملايين |title=الأعلام |url=https://alkitabdar.com/wp-content/uploads/zirikli_alam1_2002.pdf |volume=الأول}}<!-- auto-translated from Arabic by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> Muhammad al-Kadhim,<ref>{{cite book|archive-date=27 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210827010514/https://ia802805.us.archive.org/16/items/naf7a-3anbariya/naf7a-3anbariya.pdf |author1=اليماني |date= |first=محمد كاظم |location=قم، إيران |page=52 |publisher=مكتبة آية الله العظمى المرعشي النجفي |title=النفحة العنبرية في أنساب خير البرية |url=https://ia802805.us.archive.org/16/items/naf7a-3anbariya/naf7a-3anbariya.pdf}}<!-- auto-translated from Arabic by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> al-Amidi al-Najafi,<ref>{{cite book|archive-date=2021-01-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210128021635/https://down.ketabpedia.com/files/bkb/bkb-hi07964-ketabpedia.com.pdf |author1=الحسيني |date= |first=محمد بن أحمد بن عميد الدين |page=75 |publisher=دار المجتبى |title=بحر الأنساب المسمى بالمشجر الكشاف لأصول السادة الأشراف |url=https://down.ketabpedia.com/files/bkb/bkb-hi07964-ketabpedia.com.pdf}}<!-- auto-translated from Arabic by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> Siraj al-Din al-Rifai,<ref>{{cite book|author1=الرفاعي |date= |first=عبد الله محمد سراج الدين |location=دمشق، سوريا |page=122 |publisher=دار العراب |title=صحاح الأخبار في نسب السادة الفاطمية الأخيار}}<!-- auto-translated from Arabic by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> [[Al-Sakhawi|Shams al-Din al-Sakhawi]],<ref>{{cite book|author-link=شمس الدين السخاوي |author1=السخاوي |date= |first=محمد بن عبد الرحمن |location=بيروت، لبنان |page=59 |publisher=دار الجيل |title=الضوء اللامع لأهل القرن التاسع |volume=الخامس}}<!-- auto-translated from Arabic by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> [[Ibn Hajar al-Haytami]],<ref>{{cite book|archive-date=2020-09-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200919191749/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikisource/ar/8/8d/معجم_ابن_حجر_الهيتمي_خ.pdf |author-link=ابن حجر الهيتمي |author1=الهيتمي |first=أحمد بن محمد |page=31 |title=معجم ابن حجر الهيتمي |url=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikisource/ar/8/8d/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%AC%D9%85_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%AD%D8%AC%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%85%D9%8A_%D8%AE.pdf}}<!-- auto-translated from Arabic by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> Ibn Shadqam,<ref>{{cite book|archive-date=2020-12-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201229125032/http://ar.lib.eshia.ir/86678/1/7 |author-link=ضامن بن شدقم |author1=الحسيني |first=ضامن بن شدقم |page=94 |publisher=التراث المكتوب |title=تحفة الأزهار وزلال الأنهار في نسب أبناء الأئمة الأطهار |url=http://ar.lib.eshia.ir/86678/1/7 |volume=الثالث}}<!-- auto-translated from Arabic by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> [[Al-Muhibbi]],<ref>{{cite book|archive-date=15 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191215060431/http://ia800607.us.archive.org/22/items/waq26772/01_26772.pdf |author-link=محمد بن فضل الله المحبي |author1=المحبي |first=محمد بن فضل الله |page=71، 82 |title=خلاصة الأثر في أعيان القرن الحادي عشر |url=https://ia800607.us.archive.org/22/items/waq26772/01_26772.pdf |volume=الأول}}<!-- auto-translated from Arabic by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> [[Yahya Muhammad Hamid ed-Din]],<ref>{{cite book|archive-date=27 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210827091440/https://ia600808.us.archive.org/13/items/olomnasb_ymail_201710/خدمة%20العشيرة%20بترتيب%20وتلخيص%20شمس%20الظهيرة.pdf |author1=السقاف |date= |first=أحمد بن عبد الله |location=جاكرتا، إندونيسيا |page=ز |publisher=المكتب الدائمي لإحصاء وضبط أنساب السادة العلويين |title=خدمة العشيرة |url=https://ia600808.us.archive.org/13/items/olomnasb_ymail_201710/%D8%AE%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A9%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9%20%D8%A8%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A8%20%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%AE%D9%8A%D8%B5%20%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%B3%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B8%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9.pdf}}<!-- auto-translated from Arabic by Module:CS1 translator --></ref> keluarga Ba Alawi terhubung dengan nabi [[Muhammad]].
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