Dinasti Hammadiyah: Perbedaan antara revisi

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'''Dinasti Hammadiyah''' ({{lang-ar|الحماديون|translit=Al-Hāmmādiyūn|lit=keturunan [[Hammad bin Buluggin|Hammad]]}}), juga dikenal sebagai '''Emirat Hammadiyah''' atau '''Kerajaan Bejaia''',<ref name=":18">{{Cite book |last=Ibn Khaldun |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2rsyAQAAIAAJ |title=Kitāb al-ʻibar | date=1867 |page=324 |language=French}}</ref>{{Rp|page=350}} adalah [[negara Islam|kerajaan Islam]] [[abad pertengahan]]<ref name=":26"/>{{Rp|page=240}}  yang terletak di [[Maghreb]] tengah,<ref name=":34">{{Cite book|last= Amar S. Baadj|title= Saladin, the Almohads and the Banū Ghāniya: The Contest for North Africa.|date= 11 August 2015|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BvTjCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA42|page=40|publisher= BRILL|isbn= 978-90-04-29857-6|language=English}}</ref> meliputi [[Aljazair]] saat ini. Kerajaan ini didirikan pada awal abad ke-11 ketika [[Hammad bin Buluggin]] menyatakan dirinya sebagai emir,<ref name=":19">{{Cite book |last=رشيد بورويبة |url=https://archive.org/details/p.d.f3615/page/n33/mode/2up |title=الدولة الحمادية تاريخها وحضارتها |page=34 |language=Bahasa Arab}}</ref> sehingga membagi [[Banu Ziri]] menjadi dua dinasti terpisah. Di bawah pemerintahan Emir Al Nasir, emirat tersebut secara singkat menjadi negara terpenting di [[Maghreb]],<ref name=":A.S">{{Cite book |last=Baadj |first=A.S. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BvTjCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA43 |title=Saladin, the Almohads and the Banū Ghāniya: The Contest for North Africa (12th and 13th centuries) |publisher=Brill |year=2015 |isbn=978-90-04-29857-6 |series=Studies in the History and Society of the Maghrib |pages=42 |access-date=24 March 2022}}</ref> dan mencapai wilayah teritorial terluasnya, membentang dari [[Tlemcen]] di barat hingga [[Tunis]] di timur,<ref name=":26"/>{{Rp|page=238}}<ref name=":18"/>{{Rp|page=362}}<ref name=":A.S"/> dan dari [[Laut Mediterania]] di utara hingga [[oasis]] [[Sahara|gurun]] [[Ouargla]] dan [[Oued Righ]] di  selatan.<ref name=":26">{{Cite book|last= مبارك محمد الميلي|title= تاريخ الجزائر في القديم والحديث|url=https://archive.org/details/aus-2/page/n237/mode/2up|page=234|language=Arabic}}</ref>{{Rp|page=238}}<ref name=":25">{{Cite book|last=Ibn Khaldoun|title=Histoire des Berbères et des dynasties musulmanes de l'Afrique|date=1854 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7sLjxy3gq2EC&pg=PA51|page=50|language=French}}</ref> Sementara mereka secara singkat menguasai kerajaan [[Fez, Maroko|Fez]] di barat dan  kota - kota seperti [[Sfax]], [[Kairouan]], [[Laribus]], dan [[Tripoli, Libya|Tripoli]] di timur.<ref name=":26"/>{{Rp|page=238}}<ref name=":052">{{Cite book |last=Idris |first=H.R. |title=Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition |publisher=Brill |year=1986 |isbn=9789004161214 |editor-last=Lewis |editor-first=B. |volume=3 |location= |pages=137–139 |chapter=Ḥammādids |orig-date=1971 |editor-last2=Ménage |editor-first2=V.L. |editor-last3=Pellat |editor-first3=Ch. |editor-last4=Schacht |editor-first4=J.}}</ref><ref name="Ilahiane 2006 55, 56">{{Cite book |last=Ilahiane |first=H. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0E8qp_k515oC&pg=PA55 |title=Historical Dictionary of the Berbers (Imazighen) |publisher=Scarecrow Press |year=2006 |isbn=978-0-8108-6490-0 |series=Historical Dictionaries of Peoples and Cultures |pages=55–56 |access-date=15 July 2021}}</ref><ref name=":A.S"/>