Perwara: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Berbeda dari Tiongkok, yang mengelola keputren Kaisar Jepang adalah biti-biti, bukan [[orang kasim|sida-sida]], dan biti-biti dapat saja mengemban jabatan-jabatan tinggi dalam badan pengurus rumah tangga kekaisaran.<ref name=" Rowley date? page?"/>
Biti-biti terbagi menjadi dua golongan, dan masing-masing golongan terbagi lagi menjadi beberapa jenjang jabatan sesuai dengan tugas yang diembannya.<ref name="Lebra date? page?">{{harvnb|Lebra|p=}}</ref> Golongan pertama beranggotakan para ''nyokan'', yakni para perwara pengemban jabatan-jabatan majelis istana, yaitu ''naishi-kami'' (''shoji''), ''naishi-suke'' (''tenji''), dan ''naishi-no-jo'' (''shoji''). The second class were the female palace attendants: {{transl|ja|myobu}}, {{transl|ja|osashi}}, {{transl|ja|osue}} and {{transl|ja|nyoju}}.<ref name="Lebra date? page?" /> Para perwara bekerja sebagai asisten pribadi, mengurus pakaian kaisar, memandikan kaisar, menyajikan santapan, melaksanakan dan menghadiri upacara-upacara istana.<ref name="Rowley date? page?" />
=== Korea ===
''[[Gungnyeo]]'' (secara harfiah berarti 'wanita istana') adalah sebutan bagi perempuan-perempuan yang bekerja di istana serta melayani raja dan sentanaraja. ''Gungnyeo'' adalah kependekan dari ''Gungjung Yeogwan'', artinya 'pegawai wanita istana kerajaan'.<!--
''Gungnyeo'' consisted of the ladies-in-waiting—both high-ranking court ladies and the ordinary maids (known as ''nain'') responsible for most of the labour work—who were divided into [[Naemyeongbu|ranks]] from 9 to 5 (the ranks from 4 to 1 were the official concubines of the king), with two levels each (senior and junior), the highest attainable rank being ''[[sanggung]]'' (senior 5th),<ref>{{cite web |title=상궁(尙宮), Sanggung |url=http://www.aks.ac.kr/glossary/glossary_detail.asp?g_code=15278&page=1&c_code=&search_field=g_korean&keyword=%EC%83%81%EA%B6%81&order=g_korean&kanada= |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303183543/http://www.aks.ac.kr/glossary/glossary_detail.asp?g_code=15278&page=1&c_code=&search_field=g_korean&keyword=%EC%83%81%EA%B6%81&order=g_korean&kanada= |archive-date=3 March 2016 |access-date=9 September 2016 |publisher=[[The Academy of Korean Studies]] |language=ko, en}}</ref> as well as other types of working women who were not included in the classification, such as ''musuri'' (women from the lowest class who did odd jobs, such as drawing water and distributing firewood), ''gaksimi'' (also known as ''bija'' and ''bangja'', who were personal servants of a ''sanggung''), ''sonnim'' (literally translated to 'guest', were maids brought in the palace to work for the royal concubines, most of the time connected to the families of the concubines) and ''uinyeo'' (selected from public female slaves, they worked at the royal infirmary or public clinics, and practiced simple medicine skills).
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