Kapal perusak kelas Zumwalt: Perbedaan antara revisi

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{|{{Infobox ship begin|infobox caption=}}
{{Infobox ship image|Ship image=Future USS Zumwalt's first underway at sea.jpg|Ship image size=300px|Ship caption=USS ''Zumwalt'' pada Desember 2015}}
{{Infobox ship class overview|Name=|Total ships building=<!-- USS Michael Monsoor, USS Lyndon B. Johnson -->|Total ships retired=|Total ships lost=|Total ships laid up=|Total ships active=2|Total ships cancelled=29|Total ships completed=3 <!-- USS Zumwalt, USS Michael Monsoor -->|Total ships planned=32|Built range=|Builders=Bath Iron Works|In commission range=2016–sekarang<ref>{{cite news |first=Mary |last=Bubala |title=Historic And Cutting Edge USS Zumwalt Commissioned In Baltimore |url=http://baltimore.cbslocal.com/2016/10/16/historic-and-cutting-edge-uss-zumwalt-commissioned-in-baltimore/ |work=[[WJZ-TV]] |date=16 October 2016 |accessdate=16 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161018222200/http://baltimore.cbslocal.com/2016/10/16/historic-and-cutting-edge-uss-zumwalt-commissioned-in-baltimore/ |archive-date=18 October 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref>|In service range=2011–2017|Cost=Biaya program US$22,5 miliar (FY15)<ref name=GAO-15-342SP>{{cite web |url=http://www.gao.gov/assets/670/668986.pdf#page=81 |title=GAO-15-342SP DEFENSE ACQUISITIONS Assessments of Selected Weapon Programs |publisher=US Government Accountability Office |date=March 2015 |accessdate=15 July 2015 |page=73 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924043422/http://www.gao.gov/assets/670/668986.pdf#page=81 |archive-date=24 September 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref>
<br>US$4,24M per unit (FY16)<ref name=cost_april2016>[https://news.usni.org/2016/04/06/navy-requires-450-million-more-to-complete-zumwalt-class-due-to-shipyard-performance "Navy Requires $450 Million More to Complete Zumwalt-Class Due to Shipyard Performance"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161018214323/https://news.usni.org/2016/04/06/navy-requires-450-million-more-to-complete-zumwalt-class-due-to-shipyard-performance |date=18 October 2016}}. usni.org, 6 April 2016.</ref>|Subclasses=|Class after=[[Kapal perusak kelas Arleigh Burke|Kelas ''Arleigh Burke'' Flight III]]<br>[[Kapal perusak kelas DDG(X)|Kelas ''DDG(X)'']]|Class before=[[Kapal perusak kelas Arleigh Burke| Kelas ''Arleigh Burke]]|Operators=[[File:Flag of the United States Navy.svg|23px]] [[Angkatan Laut Amerika Serikat]]|Total ships preserved=}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics|Hide header=|Ship speed={{convert|30|kn|abbr=on|lk=in}}<ref name=Navy_Fact_File/>|Ship aircraft facilities=Dek landasan dan [[hanggar]] tertutup untuk dua helikopter|Ship aircraft=* 1 × Helikopter [[Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk|MH-60R]]
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** 2 × Mark 51 Advanced Gun System (AGS) 155 mm (dalam tahap digantikan oleh 4 peluncur rudal Common Hypersonic Glide Bodies (C-HGB)) <ref>[https://news.usni.org/2023/01/09/navy-awards-hii-planning-contract-for-zumwalt-hypersonic-upgrades Navy Awards HII Planning Contract for Zumwalt Hypersonic Upgrades].{{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240421073027/https://news.usni.org/2023/01/09/navy-awards-hii-planning-contract-for-zumwalt-hypersonic-upgrades |archive-date=21 April 2024 |url-status=live}} USNI</ref>
** Mk 46 Mod 2 30 mm
|Ship EW=|Ship sensors=Radar [[active electronically scanned array|AESA]] [[AN/SPY-3]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190416232327/http://opencrs.com/document/RL32109/2010-06-14/download/1013/ CRS RL32109 Navy DDG-51 and DDG-1000 Destroyer Programs: Background and Issues for Congress]. CRS, 14 June 2010.</ref>|Ship time to activate=|Ship complement=147 +28 anggota detasemen udara<ref name=Navy_Fact_File/>|Ship troops=|Ship capacity=|Ship boats=|Ship endurance=|Ship range=|Ship propulsion=* 2 × Gas turbin [[Rolls-Royce MT30]] (masing-masing menghasilkan {{convert|35.4|MW|abbr=on}}),<ref name=AeroWeb>{{cite web |first=Joakim |last=Kasper |title=About the Zumwalt Destroyer |url=http://www.bga-aeroweb.com/Defense/DDG-1000-Zumwalt-Destroyer.html |work=AeroWeb |date=20 September 2015 |accessdate=25 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151022091216/http://www.bga-aeroweb.com/Defense/DDG-1000-Zumwalt-Destroyer.html |archive-date=22 October 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref> menggerakkan generator listrik [[Curtiss-Wright]]<ref name="d05752r">{{cite book |title=GAO-05-752R Progress of the DD(X) Destroyer Program |url=http://www.gao.gov/htext/d05752r.html |publisher=U.S. Government Accountability Office |date=14 June 2005 |access-date=11 October 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081004212227/http://www.gao.gov/htext/d05752r.html |archive-date=4 October 2008 |url-status=live}}</ref>
* 2 × Baling-baling
* Total: {{convert|78|MW|shp|abbr=on|lk=on}}<ref name=AeroWeb/>|Header caption=|Ship power=* 2 × Generator turbin Rolls-Royce RR4500 (masing-masing menghasilkan {{convert|3.8|MW|abbr=on}})<ref name=AeroWeb/>|Ship ramps=|Ship deck clearance=|Ship decks=|Ship hold depth=|Ship depth=|Ship draft={{convert|27.6|ft|m|abbr=on}}|Ship height=|Ship beam={{convert|80,7|ft|m|abbr=on}}|Ship length={{convert|610|ft|m|abbr=on}}<ref name=Navy_Fact_File/>|Ship displacement={{convert|1656|LT|abbr=on}}<ref name=Navy_Fact_File>{{cite web |url=http://www.navy.mil/navydata/fact_display.asp?cid=4200&tid=900&ct=4 |title=Destroyers – DDG fact file |publisher=U.S. Navy |date=28 February 2018 |accessdate=2018-04-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141217090225/http://www.navy.mil/navydata/fact_display.asp?cid=4200&tid=900&ct=4 |archive-date=17 December 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref>|Ship tonnage=|Ship type=[[Kapal perusak berpeluru kendali]]|Ship notes=}}
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Kelas ini memiliki sistem daya terintegrasi yang dapat mengirim listrik dari generator turbo ke motor penggerak atau senjata, Total Ship Computing Environment Infrastructure (TSCEI),<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/news/2007/10/mil-071030-raytheon01.htm|title=Navy Approves Raytheon's Zumwalt Total Ship Computing Environment Infrastructure|last=John Pike|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305092319/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/news/2007/10/mil-071030-raytheon01.htm|archive-date=5 March 2016|access-date=8 January 2016}}</ref> sistem pemadam kebakaran otomatis, dan isolasi pipa pecah otomatis.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Sanchez|first=Lucia|date=January–March 2007|title=Electromagnetic Railgun – A "Navy After Next" Game Changer|url=http://www.doncio.navy.mil/chips/ArticleDetails.aspx?ID=2984|journal=CHIPS – the Department of the Navy Information Technology Magazine|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131111060230/http://www.doncio.navy.mil/chips/ArticleDetails.aspx?ID=2984|archive-date=11 November 2013|access-date=13 July 2013}}</ref> Kelas ini dirancang untuk membutuhkan awak yang lebih kecil dan lebih murah untuk beroperasi daripada kapal perang yang sebanding.
 
Kapal utama diberi nama ''Zumwalt'' atas nama Laksamana [[Elmo Zumwalt]] dan membawa nomor lambung DDG-1000. Awalnya, 32 kapal direncanakan, dengan biaya penelitian dan pengembangan $ 9,6 miliar tersebar di seluruh kelas kapal. Saat perkiraan biaya melampaui perkiraan, kuantitas dikurangi menjadi 24, lalu menjadi 7, dan akhirnya menjadi 3, secara signifikan meningkatkan biaya per kapal menjadi $ 4,24 miliar (tidak termasuk biaya Litbang)<ref name="ndaa69-703">NDAA 2007 pp. 69–70.</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Cutting-edge Navy warship being built in Maine|url=http://www.foxnews.com/scitech/2012/04/12/cutting-edge-navy-warship-being-built-in-maine/?test=latestnews|publisher=Fox News|date=12 April 2012|access-date=12 April 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120415052649/http://www.foxnews.com/scitech/2012/04/12/cutting-edge-navy-warship-being-built-in-maine/?test=latestnews|archive-date=15 April 2012}}</ref> dan jauh melebihi biaya per unit dari [[kapal selam kelas Virginia]] bertenaga nuklir ($ 2,688 miliar).<ref>The US Navy's budget request for two Virginias in fiscal year 2016 (FY2016) was $5,376.9 million, including $2,030.4M for advance funding from previous years.</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://fas.org/sgp/crs/weapons/RL32418.pdf|title=RL32418, Navy Virginia (SSN-774) Class Attack Submarine Procurement: Background and Issues for Congress|date=27 May 2016|website=Congressional Research Service|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006194640/https://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/weapons/RL32418.pdf|archive-date=6 October 2016|access-date=17 October 2016}}</ref> Peningkatan biaya per unit yang dramatis pada akhirnya memicu pelanggaran [[Amandemen Nunn – McCurdy|Amandemen Nunn-McCurdy]] dan pembatalan produksi lebih lanjut.<ref>"Root Cause Analyses of Nunn-McCurdy Breaches -- Zumwalt-Class Destroyer, Joint Strike Fighter, Longbow Apache, and Wideband Global Satellite," Rand Corporation (2011); see Vol. 1, Ch. 3 via http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG1171z1.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161019175210/http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG1171z1.html |date=19 October 2016}}</ref> Pada bulan April 2016, total biaya program adalah $ 22,5 miliar, dengan biaya rata-rata $ 7,5 miliar per kapal.
 
== Sejarah ==