Kejatuhan Bashar al-Assad: Perbedaan antara revisi
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* {{Cite news |date=2018 |title=A Dangerous Dynasty: House of Assad |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0bnfn0d |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181121192422/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0bnfn0d |archive-date=21 November 2018 |work=BBC Two}}
* {{cite web |author=Eyal Zisser |year=2004 |title=Bashar al-Asad and his Regime – Between Continuity and Change |url=http://www.ou.edu/mideast/Additional%20pages%20-%20non-catagory/Zisser_al-Asad_and_his_Regime_2004.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170801141031/http://www.ou.edu/mideast/Additional%20pages%20-%20non-catagory/Zisser_al-Asad_and_his_Regime_2004.htm |archive-date=1 August 2017 |access-date=2 April 2011 |publisher=Orient}}
* {{Cite news |last=Chulov |first=Martin |date=26 May 2021 |title='Mob boss' Assad's dynasty tightens grip over husk of Syria |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/may/26/bashar-al-assad-tightens-grip-on-power-as-syria-goes-to-polls |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210526075539/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/may/26/bashar-al-assad-tightens-grip-on-power-as-syria-goes-to-polls |archive-date=26 May 2021 |work=The Guardian}}</ref> adalah keluarga politik Suriah yang telah memerintah Suriah sejak Hafez al-Assad menjadi presiden Suriah pada tahun 1971 di bawah [[Partai Ba'ath (faksi dominasi Suriah)|Partai Ba'ath]]. Setelah kematiannya pada bulan Juni 2000, ia digantikan oleh putranya Bashar al-Assad.<ref>{{cite web |author=Eyal Zisser |year=2004 |title=Bashar al-Asad and his Regime – Between Continuity and Change |url=http://www.ou.edu/mideast/Additional%20pages%20-%20non-catagory/Zisser_al-Asad_and_his_Regime_2004.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170801141031/http://www.ou.edu/mideast/Additional%20pages%20-%20non-catagory/Zisser_al-Asad_and_his_Regime_2004.htm |archive-date=1 August 2017 |access-date=2 April 2011 |publisher=Orient}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Kmak |first1=Magdalena |title=Refugees and Knowledge Production: Europe's Past and Present |last2=Björklund |first2=Heta |publisher=Routledge |year=2022 |isbn=978-0-367-55206-0 |location=Abingdon, Oxon |page=73 |doi=10.4324/9781003092421 |s2cid=246668129}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Turku |first=Helga |title=The Destruction of Cultural Property as a Weapon of War |publisher=palgrave macmillan |year=2018 |isbn=978-3-319-57282-6 |page=74 |chapter=3: Long-Term Security Repercussions of Attacking Cultural Property |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-57282-6}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Darke |first=Diana |title=Syria |publisher=Bradt Travel Guides |year=2010 |isbn=978-1-84162-314-6 |edition=2nd |page=311}}</ref>
Hafez al-Assad membangun rezimnya sebagai sebuah birokrasi yang ditandai dengan kultus kepribadian yang berbeda, yang tidak seperti biasanya dalam sejarah Suriah modern. Hafez mengorganisir kembali masyarakat Suriah berdasarkan garis militeristik dan terus-menerus menggunakan retorika konspirasi mengenai bahaya plot yang didukung asing yang didukung oleh kolumnis kelima dan mempromosikan angkatan bersenjata sebagai aspek sentral kehidupan publik.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last1=Halasa |first1=Malu |title=Syria Speaks: Art and Culture from the Frontline |last2=Omareen |first2=Zaher |last3=Mahfoud |first3=Nawara |publisher=Saqi Books |year=2014 |isbn=978-0-86356-787-2 |location=London |pages=125, 147–156, 161}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last=Pipes |first=Daniel |title=Syria Beyond the Peace Process |publisher=Washington Institute for Near East Policy |year=1995 |isbn=0-944029-64-7 |location=Washington, D.C. |pages=6, 7, 13–17 |chapter=}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite book |last=Shamaileh |first=Ammar |title=Trust and Terror: Social Capital and the Use of Terrorism as a Tool of Resistance |publisher=Routledge |year=2017 |isbn=978-1-138-20173-6 |location=New York |pages=66, 70–72, 82 |chapter=}}</ref>
Sejak perebutan kekuasaan oleh Hafez al-Assad pada tahun 1970, propaganda negara telah mempromosikan wacana nasional baru berdasarkan penyatuan warga Suriah di bawah "satu identitas [[Ba'thisme|Ba'athist]]," serta [[Ba'thisme|Assadisme]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Carlos BC |first=Juan |date=9 December 2021 |title=The Assad Family Has Been Shaping Syria for 50 Years |url=https://www.fairobserver.com/region/middle_east_north_africa/juan-carlos-bc-syria-news-bashar-al-assad-syrian-president-arab-world-news-83492/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211209173612/https://www.fairobserver.com/region/middle_east_north_africa/juan-carlos-bc-syria-news-bashar-al-assad-syrian-president-arab-world-news-83492/ |archive-date=9 December 2021 |work=Fair Observer}}</ref> Paramiliter loyalis yang dikenal sebagai ''Shabiha'' (tr. hantu) mendewakan dinasti Assad melalui slogan-slogan seperti "Tidak ada Tuhan selain Bashar!" dan melakukan perang psikologis melawan populasi non-konformis.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Phillips |first=Christopher |title=The Battle for Syria: International Rivalry in the New Middle East |publisher=Yale University Press |year=2015 |isbn=9780300217179 |location=London |page=131 |chapter=}}</ref>
=== Bashar al-Assad ===
Setelah kematian Hafez, kultus kepribadian diwarisi oleh putra dan penerusnya Bashar al-Assad yang dipuji oleh partai tersebut sebagai "Pemimpin Muda" dan "Harapan Rakyat". Sangat dipengaruhi oleh model [[Dinasti Kim (Korea Utara)|dinasti Kim]] di [[Korea Utara]], propaganda resmi menganggap dinasti Assad memiliki ciri-ciri ilahi, dan menghormati para leluhur Assad sebagai bapak pendiri Suriah modern.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" />
== Pengambilalihan oposisi ==
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