Douglas MacArthur: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Baris 1:
{{Infobox
| name = Douglas MacArthur
|
| alt = MacArthur in khaki trousers and open necked shirt with five-star-rank badges on the collar. He is wearing his [[field marshal]]'s cap and smoking a corncob pipe.
| caption = MacArthur pada tahun 1945
| office = Gubernur Kepulauan Ryukyu
| term_start = 15 Desember 1950
| term_end = 11 April 1951
| predecessor = ''Posisi ditetapkan''
| successor = [[Matthew Ridgway]]
| office1 = Panglima [[Komando Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa]]
| president1 = [[Harry S. Truman]]
| term_start1 = 7 Juli 1950
| term_end1 = 11 April 1951
| predecessor1 = ''Posisi ditetapkan''
| successor1 = [[Matthew Ridgway]]
| office2 = Panglima Komando Timur Jauh
| president2 = Harry S. Truman
| term_start2 = 1 Januari 1947
| term_end2 = 11 April 1951
| predecessor2 = ''Posisi ditetapkan''
| successor2 = [[Matthew Ridgway]]
| order3 = ke-1
| office3 = Panglima Tertinggi Sekutu
| president3 = Harry S. Truman
| term_start3 = 14 Agustus 1945
| term_end3 = 11 April 1951
| predecessor3 = ''Posisi ditetapkan''
| successor3 = [[Matthew Ridgway]]
| office4 = [[Kantor Penasihat Militer untuk Pemerintahan Persemakmuran Filipina|Penasihat Militer Amerika Serikat untuk Filipina]]
| term_start4 = 1935
| term_end4 = 1941
| predecessor4 = ''Posisi ditetapkan''
| successor4 = ''Posisi dihapuskan''
| office5 = [[Kepala Staf Angkatan Darat Amerika Serikat|Kepala Staf Angkatan Darat]] ke-13
| president5 = {{plainlist|
* [[Herbert Hoover]]
* [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]]
}}
| term_start5 = 21 November 1930
| term_end5 = 1 Oktober 1935
| predecessor5 = [[Charles P. Summerall]]
| successor5 = [[Malin Craig]]
| office6 = Panglima [[Departemen Filipina]]
| term_start6 = 1 Oktober 1928
| term_end6 = 2 Oktober 1930
| predecessor6 = [[William Lassiter]]
| successor6 = [[John L. Hines]]
| order7 = ke-16
| office7 = Gubernur Akademi Militer Amerika Serikat
| term_start7 = 1919
| term_end7 = 1922
| predecessor7 = [[Samuel Escue Tillman]]
| successor7 = [[Fred Winchester Sladen]]
| birth_date = {{birth date|1880|1|26|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Little Rock]], [[Arkansas]], Amerika Serikat
| death_date = {{death date and age|1964|4|5|1880|1|26|df=yes}}
| death_place = [[Washington, D.C.]], Amerika Serikat
| resting_place = [[MacArthur Memorial]]
| party = [[Partai Republik (Amerika Serikat)|Partai Republik]]
| spouse = {{plainlist|
* {{marriage|[[Louise Cromwell Brooks]]|1922|1929|end = divorced}}
* {{marriage|[[Jean MacArthur|Jean Faircloth]]|30 April 1937}}
}}
| children = [[Arthur MacArthur IV]]
| father = [[Arthur MacArthur Jr.]]
| relatives =
| education = [[Akademi Militer Amerika Serikat]]
| awards = {{plainlist|
* [[Congressional Gold Medal]]
* [[Thanks of Congress]]
}}
| signature = DMacarthur Signature.svg
| signature_alt = Cursive signature in ink
| module = {{Listen|pos=center|embed=yes|filename=Macarthurjustfadeaway.ogg|title=Douglas MacArthur's voice|type=speech|description=The final words of Douglas MacArthur's final address to a joint session of the United States Congress.<br/>(recorded 1951)}}
| nickname = {{indented plainlist|
* Dugout Doug
* Big Chief
}}
| allegiance = {{plainlist|
* Amerika Serikat
* [[Persemakmuran Filipina|Filipina]]
}}
| branch = {{plainlist|
* [[Angkatan Darat Amerika Serikat]] * [[Angkatan Darat Filipina]] }}
| serviceyears = 1903–1964
| rank = {{indented plainlist|
* [[Jenderal Besar (Amerika Serikat)|Jenderal Besar]] (Angkatan Darat A.S.)
* [[Panglima Besar (Filipina)|Panglima Besar]] (Angkatan Darat Filipina)
}}
| commands = {{indented plainlist|
* [[Komando Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa]]
* [[Komando Timur Jauh (Amerika Serikat)|Komando Timur Jauh]]
* [[Panglima Tertinggi Sekutu]]
* [[Komando Pasifik Amerika Serikat|Angkatan Darat A.S. di Pasifik]]
* [[South West Pacific Area (command)|Southwest Pacific Area]]
* [[Kawasan Pasifik Barat Daya (komando)|Kawasan Pasifik Barat Daya]]
* [[Departemen Filipina]]
* [[Kepala Staf Angkatan Darat Amerika Serikat]]
* [[Divisi Filipina]]
* [[Gubernur Akademi Militer Amerika Serikat]]
* [[Divisi Infanteri ke-42 (Amerika Serikat)|Divisi Infanteri ke-42]]
* [[Divisi Infanteri ke-84 (Amerika Serikat)|Brigade Infanteri ke-84]]
}}
| battles = {{collapsible list|title = {{nobold|''Lihat daftar''}}|
{{tree list}}
* [[Philippine–American War]]
** [[Philippine–American War#Post-1902 conflicts|Post-war insurgency]]
* [[Banana Wars]]
** [[Occupation of Veracruz]]
* [[United States in World War I|World War I]]
** [[42nd Infantry Division (United States)#World War I|Lunéville-Baccarat Defensive Campaign]]
** [[Second Battle of the Marne|Champagne-Marne Offensive]]
** [[Battle of Saint-Mihiel]]
** [[Meuse–Argonne offensive]]
* [[Military history of the United States during World War II|World War II]]
** [[Philippines campaign (1941–1942)]]
*** [[Battle of Bataan]]
** [[Battle of Timor]]
** [[Battle of the Coral Sea]]
** [[New Guinea campaign]]
*** [[Huon Peninsula campaign]]
**** [[Battle of Sio]]
*** [[Kokoda Track campaign]]
** [[Operation Cartwheel]]
*** [[Salamaua–Lae campaign]]
**** [[Landing at Nadzab]]
*** [[Solomon Islands campaign]]
**** [[Bougainville campaign]]
*** [[New Britain campaign]]
*** [[Admiralty Islands campaign]]
*** [[New Georgia campaign]]
** [[Philippines campaign (1944–1945)]]
*** [[Battle of Leyte]]
**** [[Battle of Ormoc Bay]]
*** [[Battle of Luzon]]
*** [[Battle of Manila (1945)|Battle of Manila]]
** [[Borneo campaign]]
** [[Occupation of Japan]]
* [[Korean War]]
** [[Battle of Pusan Perimeter]]
*** [[Battle of Taegu]]
*** [[Battle of P'ohang-dong]]
** [[Battle of Inchon]]
** [[Pusan Perimeter offensive]]
** [[Second Battle of Seoul]]
** [[UN September 1950 counteroffensive|UN Offensive, 1950]]
** [[UN offensive into North Korea]]
** [[Second Phase Offensive]]
** [[UN May–June 1951 counteroffensive|UN Offensive, 1951]]
** [[Battle of the Ch'ongch'on River]]
** [[Battle of Chosin Reservoir]]
** [[UN retreat from North Korea]]
** [[Hungnam evacuation]]
** [[Third Battle of Seoul]]
** [[Operation Thunderbolt (1951)]]
** [[Operation Roundup (1951)]]
** [[Battle of Hoengsong]]
** [[Third Battle of Wonju]]
** [[Operation Killer]]
** [[Operation Ripper]]
** [[Operation Courageous]]
** [[Operation Rugged]]
{{tree list/end}}
}}
| mawards = {{indented plainlist|
* [[Medal of Honor]]
* [[Distinguished Service Cross (United States)|Distinguished Service Cross]] (3)
* [[Army Distinguished Service Medal]] (5)
* [[Navy Distinguished Service Medal]]
* [[Silver Star]] (7)
* [[Distinguished Flying Cross (United States)|Distinguished Flying Cross]]
* [[Bronze Star Medal|Bronze Star]] with [["V" device|valor]]
* [[Air Medal]]
* [[Purple Heart]] (2)
* [[Order of Military Merit (South Korea)|Taegeuk Order of Military Merit]]
* ''[[Service summary of Douglas MacArthur#Orders, decorations and medals|Full list]]''
}}
}}
'''Douglas MacArthur''' ({{lahirmati||26|1|1881||5|4|1964}}) adalah seorang jenderal [[pangkat bintang lima|bintang lima]] asal [[Amerika Serikat]] dan [[marsekal lapangan]] [[Angkatan Darat Filipina]]. Ia menjabat sebagai [[Kepala Staf Angkatan Darat Amerika Serikat]] pada dasawarsa 1930-an dan memiliki sumbangsih yang besar dalam upaya untuk melawan [[Kekaisaran Jepang]] di [[Perang Pasifik|teater Pasifik]] selama [[Perang Dunia II]]. Ia dianugerahi [[Medal of Honor]] berkat jasa-jasanya selama [[Kampanye Filipina (1941–42)|kampanye militer Filipina]] sehingga dirinya dan ayahnya, [[Arthur MacArthur, Jr.]], menjadi pasangan ayah dan anak pertama yang sama-sama mendapatkan medali tersebut. Ia juga merupakan salah satu dari hanya lima orang yang diberikan pangkat [[General of the Army|Jenderal Besar]] di [[Angkatan Darat Amerika Serikat]] dan satu-satunya orang yang pernah diangkat sebagai marsekal lapangan di Angkatan Darat Filipina.
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