Daya ledak senjata nuklir: Perbedaan antara revisi

 

Sebagai perbandingan, [[pemboman kota Oklahoma]] yang menggunakan sebuah truk hanya sekitar 0,002 kt.

=== Batas daya ledak ===

[[Berkas:US nuclear weapons yield-to-weight comparison.svg|right|thumb|250px|Perbandingan secara logaritma daya ledak (dalam kiloton) dan berat (dalam kilogram) dari semua senjata nuklir yang pernah dikembangkan oleh Amerika Serikat.]]

 

Untuk operasional, berlaku batas maksimum dalam pengiriman lewat udara. Contohnya, jika maksimum daya angkut sebuah [[Antonov An-225]] sebesar 250 ton dapat digunakan, maka batas maksimumnya adalah 250 t * 5,2 Mt/t atau 1.300 Mt. Batasan serupa juga berlaku untuk pengiriman berbasis misil yang ditentukan oleh kapasitas angkut misil. Peluru kendali balistik Rusia SS-18 memiliki daya angkut sebesar 7.200 kg, sehingga daya ledak maksimum mencapai 37,4 Mt. Fakta menyebutkan daya ledak [[SS-18]] mod 1 dengan satu hulu ledak mencapai 24 Mt. [http://warfare.ru/?linkid=1702&catid=265]

 

<!--==Calculating yields and controversy==

Yields of [[nuclear explosion]]s can be very hard to calculate, even using numbers as rough as in the kiloton or megaton range (much less down to the resolution of individual [[terajoule]]s). Even under very controlled conditions, precise yields can be very hard to determine, and for less controlled conditions the margins of error can be quite large. Yields can be calculated in a number of ways, including calculations based on blast size, blast brightness, seismographic data, and the strength of the shock wave. [[Enrico Fermi]] famously made a (very) rough calculation of the yield of the [[Trinity test]] by dropping small pieces of paper in the air and measuring at how far they were moved by the shock wave of the explosion. Excellent approximations of yields can be approximated by the dimensionless number developed by [[G. I. Taylor]]. ''G. I. Taylor, Proc. Roy. Soc. London A201, 175 (1950)'' and ''G. I. Taylor, Proc. Roy. Soc. London A201, 159 (1950)'':

Where this data is not available, as in a number of cases, precise yields have been in dispute, especially when they are tied to questions of politics. The weapons used in the [[atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki]], for example, were highly individual and very idiosyncratic designs, and gauging their yield retrospectively has been quite difficult. The Hiroshima bomb, "[[Little Boy]]", is estimated to have been between 12 and 18 kt (a 20% margin of error), while the Nagasaki bomb, "[[Fat Man]]", is estimated to be between 18 and 23 kt (a 10% margin of error). Such apparently small changes in values can be important when trying to use the data from these bombings as reflective of how other bombs would behave in combat, and also result in differing assessments of how many "Hiroshima bombs" other weapons are equivalent to (for example, the [[Ivy Mike]] hydrogen bomb was equivalent to either 867 or 578 Hiroshima weapons — a rhetorically quite substantial difference — depending on whether one uses the high or low figure for the calculation). Other disputed yields have included the massive [[Tsar Bomba]], whose yield was claimed between being "only" 50 Mt or at a maximum of 57 Mt by differing political figures, either as a way for hyping the power of the bomb or as an attempt to undercut it.

 

 

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