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'''Indeks bias''' pada medium didefinisikan sebagai perbandingan antara [[kecepatan cahaya]] didalam ruang [[hampa udara]] dengan [[cepat rambat cahaya]] dipada suatu medium<ref>www.its.bldrdoc.gov [http://www.its.bldrdoc.gov/fs-1037/fs-1037c.htm refractive tersebutindex]</ref>.
{| border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=2 align=right style="margin: 0.5em;"
!Material||λ<ref>untuk panjang gelombang (λ) ditentukan dengan menggunakan panjang gelombang kuning = 589.29 nm</ref>(nm)||''n''||Ref.
|-
|[[VacuumHampa udara]]|| || 1 (exactly) ||
|-
|[[Earth's atmosphere|AirUdara]] @ [[Standard conditions forTemperatur temperaturedan andtekanan pressurestandar|STP]]|| ||1.0002926||
|-
! colspan="4" |GasesGas @ 0 °C and 1 atm
|-
|[[Earth's atmosphere|AirUdara]]||589.29||1.000293||<ref name="ref1">{{cite book
| first = Alfred Zajac
| coauthors = Hecht, Eugene; Cummings, Eugene
|[[Helium]]||589.29||1.000036||<ref name="ref1"/>
|-
|[[HydrogenHidrogen]]||589.29||1.000132||<ref name="ref1"/>
|-
|[[CarbonKarbon dioxidedioksida]]||589.29||1.00045||<ref name="ref4">{{cite book
| first = Morgan
| title = Introduction to Geometrical and Physical Optics
| isbn = 0-13-149933-5 }} </ref>
|-
! colspan="4" |LiquidsCairan @ 20 °C
|-
|[[BenzeneBenzena]]||589.29||1.501||<ref name="ref1"/>
|-
|[[WaterAir]]||589.29||1.3330||<ref name="ref1"/>
|-
|[[Ethanol|Ethyl alcohol (ethanol)]]||589.29||1.361||<ref name="ref1"/>
|-
|[[CarbonKarbon tetrachloridetetraklorida]]||589.29||1.461||<ref name="ref1"/>
|-
|[[CarbonKarbon disulfidedisulfida]]||589.29||1.628||<ref name="ref1"/>
|-
! colspan="4" | SolidsBenda padat @ roomsuhu temperaturekamar
|-
|[[DiamondIntan]]||589.29||2.419||<ref name="ref1"/>
|-
|[[Strontium titanate]]||589.29||2.41
|-
|[[AmberAmbar]]||589.29||1.55||<ref name="ref1"/>
|-
|[[Fused silica]]||589.29||1.458||<ref name="ref1"/>
|-
|[[SodiumNatrium chlorideklorida]]||589.29||1.50||<ref name="ref1"/>
|-
! colspan="4" | OtherMaterial materialslain
|-
|[[Pyrex]] (a [[borosilicate glass]])|| ||1.470||<ref name="ref2">{{cite web|url=http://www.matter.org.uk/schools/Content/Refraction/absolute.html |title=Absolute Refractive Index |accessdate=2007-10-18 |author=[[University of Liverpool]]}}</ref>
|-
|[[Sapphire]]|| ||1.762–1.778||
|-
|[[Water]] [[iceEs]]|| ||1.31||
|-
|[[Cryolite]]|| ||1.338||
|-
|[[AcetoneAseton]]|| ||1.36||
|-
|[[Ethanol]]|| ||1.36||
|-
|[[Polytetrafluoroethylene|Teflon]]|| ||1.35 - 1.38||
|-
|[[GlycerolGliserol]]|| ||1.4729||
|-
|[[AcrylicKaca glassakrilik]]|| ||1.490 - 1.492||
|-
|[[Halite|RockCrown saltglass (optics)]]|| ||1.51650 - 1.54||
|-
|[[Crown glass (optics)|Crown glass (pure)Polikarbonat]]|| ||1.50584 - 1.54586||
|-
|[[SaltPara-Methoxymethamphetamine|Salt (NaCl)PMMA]]|| ||1.5444893 - 1.4899||
|-
|[[PolycarbonatePolietilena tereftalat|PET]]|| ||1.584 - 1.5865750||
|-
|[[PMMAFlint glass]]|| ||1.489360 - 1.489962||
|-
|[[PETgKaca]]|| ||1.57485 - 1.755||
|-
|[[Polyethylene terephthalate|PETBrom]]|| ||1.5750661||
|-
|[[Flint glass|Flint glass (pure)]]|| ||1.60 - 1.62||
|-
|[[Glass|Crown glass (impure)]]|| ||1.485 - 1.755||
|-
|[[Fused quartz|Fused Quartz]]|| ||1.46||
|-
|[[Bromine]]|| ||1.661||
|-
|[[Glass|Flint glass (impure)]]|| ||1.523 - 1.925||
|-
|[[Cubic zirconia]]|| ||2.15 - 2.18||
|-
|[[Silicon carbide|Moissanite]]|| ||2.65 - 2.69||
|-
|[[Cinnabar]] ([[Mercury sulfide]])|| ||3.02||
|-
|[[Gallium(III) phosphide]]|| ||3.5||
|-
|[[Gallium(III) arsenide]]|| ||3.927||
|-
|[[SiliconSilikon]] || ||4.01||<ref name="si_website">{{cite web|url=http://pvcdrom.pveducation.org/APPEND/OPTICAL.HTM |title=Optical Properties of Silicon |accessdate=2009-05-31}}</ref>
|-
|-
dimana:<br />
:n = indeks bias<br />
:c = [[kecepatan cahaya]] dalam ruang hampa (299,792,458 meter/detik)<br />
:<math>v_\mathrm{p}</math> = [[cepat rambat cahaya]] pada suatu medium
Indeks bias tidak pernah lebih kecil dari 1 atau (n ≥ 1).
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