Panavia Tornado: Perbedaan antara revisi
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'''Panavia Tornado''' adalah pesawat tempur dua mesin bersayap variabel yang dibuat bersama oleh Inggris, Jerman Barat dan Italia. Ada 3 varian utama dari pesawat ini Tornado IDS (serang darat), Tornado ECR (Perang Elektronika/intai) dan [[Panavia Tornado ADV|Tornado ADV]] (Varian pertahanan udara/Air Defence Variant atau pesawat buru sergap).
==Varian==
===Tornado IDS===
=====Tornado GR1=====
=====Tornado GR1B=====
=====Tornado GR4=====
[[File:RAF Tornado GR4 Iraq.JPEG|thumb|[[Royal Air Force|RAF]] Tornado GR4 during Operation Telic.]]
[[File:tornado gr4 za597 kemble arp.jpg|thumb|[[RAF]] Tornado GR4 (ZA597) at an English air display, with wings partially swept]]
=====Tornado GR1A/GR4A=====
===Tornado ECR===
[[File:AGM-88 and AIM-9 on Tornado.jpg|thumb|Luftwaffe Tornado ECR]]
===Tornado ADV===
{{Main|Panavia Tornado ADV}}
==Spesifikasi (Tornado GR4)==
[[File:Tornado IDS graphic.gif|right|300px|]]
{{Aircraft specifications
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|plane or copter?=plane
|jet or prop?=jet
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|ref={{Citation needed|date=May 2008}}
|crew=2
|span main=13.91 m at 25° wing sweep, 8.60 m at 67° wing sweep
|span alt=45.6 ft / 28.2 ft
|area main=26.6 m²
|area alt=286 ft²
|length main=16.72 m
|length alt=54 ft 10 in
|height main=5.95 m
|height alt=19.5 ft
|empty weight main= 13,890 kg
|empty weight alt=31,620 lb
|loaded weight main=
|loaded weight alt=
|max takeoff weight main=28,000 kg
|max takeoff weight alt=61,700 lb
|engine (jet)=[[Turbo-Union RB199]]-34R Mk 103
|type of jet=[[afterburner|afterburning]] [[turbofan]]s
|number of jets=2
|thrust main=43.8 kN
|thrust alt=9,850 lbf
|afterburning thrust main=76.8 kN
|afterburning thrust alt=17,270 lbf
|thrust more=
|max speed main=800kts IAS [[Mach number|Mach 2.34]]
|max speed alt=2,417.6 km/h, 1,511 mph
|ceiling main=15,240 m
|ceiling alt=50,000 ft
|range main=1,390 km
|range alt=870 mi
|range more=typical combat
|ferry range main=3,890 km
|ferry range alt=2,417 mi
|ferry range more=with four external drop tanks
|climb rate main=76.7 m/s
|climb rate alt=15,100 ft/min
|loading main=
|loading alt=
|thrust/weight=0.55
|guns=2× 27 mm [[Mauser BK-27]] cannon with 180 rounds per gun (versus 1× BK-27 mounted on [[Panavia Tornado ADV]])
|hardpoints=4× light duty + 3× heavy duty under-fuselage and 4× swivelling under-wing pylon stations holding up to 9000 kg (19,800 lb) of payload, the two inner wing pylons have shoulder launch rails for 2× Short-Range AAM (SRAAM) each
|rockets=None
|missiles=<br>
**[[Air-to-air missile]]s:
***[[AIM-9 Sidewinder]] ''or'' [[IRIS-T]] ''or'' [[AIM-132 ASRAAM]] for self-defence
**[[Air-to-surface missile]]s:
***6× [[AGM-65 Maverick]]; ''or''
***12× [[Brimstone missile]] (12 being the maximum operational limit carried by RAF's Tornado GR4); ''or''
***4× [[Storm Shadow]] ''or'' [[Taurus KEPD 350]] [[cruise missile]]
**[[Anti-ship missile]]s:
***2× [[AS.34 Kormoran]]; ''or''
***2× [[Sea Eagle missile|BAe Sea Eagle]]; ''or''
**[[Anti-radiation missile]]s:
***4× [[AGM-88 HARM]]; ''or''
***9× [[ALARM missile]]
|bombs=<br>
**[[Hunting Engineering]] [[BL755]] [[cluster bomb]]s; ''or''
**[[HOPE/HOSBO]] GPS/electro-optically guided [[glide bomb]]s; ''or''
**[[Joint Direct Attack Munition]]; ''or''
**[[Paveway]] series of [[Laser-guided bomb]] (LGB); ''or''
**Up to 2× [[JP233]] ''or'' [[MW-1|MW-1 munitions dispenser]]s (for runway cratering operations)
**Up to 4× [[B61 nuclear bomb|B61]] ''or'' [[WE.177]] [[tactical nuclear weapon]]s
*'''Others''':<br>
*Up to 4× [[drop tank]]s for ferry flight/extended range/loitering time
|avionics=
*[[RAPTOR]] [[aerial reconnaissance]] pod
*[[Rafael Advanced Defense Systems|RAFAEL]] [[LITENING targeting pod]]; ''or''
*[[TIALD]] [[laser designator]] pod
}}
==Lihat pula==
{{Aircontent
|related=
*[[Panavia Tornado ADV]]
|similar aircraft=
*[[F-15E Strike Eagle]]
*[[General Dynamics F-111|F-111 Aardvark]]
*[[Mikoyan MiG-27]]
*[[Sukhoi Su-24]]
*[[F-14 Tomcat]]
|lists=
*[[List of active United Kingdom military aircraft]]
*[[List of military aircraft of Germany]]
|see also=
*[[Future Offensive Air System]]
}}
== Album ==
<center><gallery caption="Dassault Mirage III" widths="180px" heights="120px" perrow="3">
File:Panavia Tornado 4503.ogg
File:Italian air force Tornado 1991.jpg
File:RAF GR4 Tornado flares apr 2004 140 hires.jpg
File:US Navy 030617-N-4374S-016 A German fighter jet Panavia Tornado GR.Mk 1, flies over the Aegis class, guided missile cruiser USS Vella Gulf (CG 72) during the annual maritime exercise Baltic Operations 2003 (BALTOPS).jpg
File:Tornado variable sweep wing Manching.JPG
File:Tornado.ze342.arp.jpg
File:Tornado GR4s, 617 Squadron 2006.jpg
File:Panavia Tornado Luftwaffe.jpg
[...]
</gallery></center>
==Referensi==
===Catatan===
{{reflist|2}}
===Bibliografi===
* {{cite book |first = Jerry |last = Scutts |title = Postwar Aircraft |publisher = Osprey Publishing |year = 2000 |isbn = 9781841761596}}
* {{cite book |last=Taylor |first=Michael J.H.|title=Flight International World Aircraft & Systems Directory |edition=3rd Edition|year=2001|publisher=Reed Business Information |location=United Kingdom |isbn=061701289X}}
[[Berkas:Tornado IDS graphic.gif|500px|left]]
== Pranala luar ==
{{Commons|Panavia Tornado}}
Baris 30 ⟶ 164:
* [http://callsigns.de/search.php?do=search&searchstring=tornado&pages=0 List of all active German Tornados]
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{{pesawat militer-stub}}
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