Robert McNamara: Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
k ←Suntingan 111.95.146.68 (bicara) dikembalikan ke versi terakhir oleh Xqbot |
k update +mati |
||
Baris 1:
{{Infobox officeholder
|name = Robert S. McNamara
|image = Robert McNamara official portrait.jpg
|imagesize = 250px
|order = 8th [[United States Secretary of Defense]]
|term_start = 21 Januari 1961
|term_end = 29 Februari 1968
|president = [[John F. Kennedy]]<br/>[[Lyndon B. Johnson]]
|deputy = [[Roswell Gilpatric]]<br/>[[Cyrus Vance]]<br/>[[Paul Nitze]]
|predecessor = [[Thomas S. Gates, Jr.]]
|successor = [[Clark Clifford]]
|order2 = 5th [[World Bank|President of the World Bank Group]]
|term_start2 = April 1968
|term_end2 = June 1981
|deputy2 =
|president2 =
|predecessor2 = [[George David Woods]]
|successor2 = [[Alden W. Clausen]]
|birth_date = June 9, 1916
|birth_place = [[San Francisco, California|San Francisco]], [[California]]
|death_date = {{death date and age|2009|7|6|1916|6|9}}
|death_place = [[Washington, D.C.]]
|party = [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]<ref>[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,895133-1,00.html Six for the Kennedy Cabinet], ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'', December 26, 1960.</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=http://100days.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/02/10/missile-gaps-and-other-broken-promises/ | work=The New York Times | title=Missile Gaps and Other Broken Promises | date=February 10, 2009 | accessdate=May 22, 2010}}</ref>
|spouse = [[Margaret McNamara|Margaret Craig]] (1940-1981)<br/>Diana Masieri Byfield<br/>(2004-2009)
|alma_mater = [[University of California, Berkeley]] <small>([[Bachelor of Arts|B.A.]])</small> <br/> [[Harvard University]] <small>([[M.B.A.]])</small>
|religion = [[Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.)|Presbyterian]]
|signature = Robert S McNamara Signature.svg
|branch = [[United States Air Force]]
|serviceyears = 1943-1946
|rank = [[Lieutenant colonel (United States)|Lieutenant Colonel]]
|awards = [[Legion of Merit]]
|footnotes =<ref name=NYTobit>
{{cite news
|title=Robert S. McNamara, Architect of a Futile War, Dies at 93 - Obituary
|first=Tim |last=Weiner |authorlink=Tim Weiner |date=July 6, 2009 |accessdate=2009-07-06
|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2009/07/07/us/07mcnamara.html?pagewanted=5&_r=1&hp |work=[[New York Times]]
|curly= |author= |author2= |author3= |author4= |author5= |author6= |author7=
|format= |agency=
|publisher= |location= |isbn= |issn= |oclc= |pmid= |pmd= |bibcode= |doi= |id=
|page= | pages= |language = |archiveurl= |archivedate= |quote=}}
</ref>
}}
[[Berkas:RobertMcNamara55.jpg|thumb|Robert McNamara]]
'''Robert Strange McNamara''' ({{lahirmati||9|6|1916||6|7|2009}}) adalah seorang eksekutif bisnis dan [[Menteri Pertahanan Amerika Serikat]] yang kedelapan. Ia menjadi Menteri Pertahanan Amerika Serikat di bawah pemerintahan Presiden [[John F. Kennedy]] dan [[Lyndon Johnson]] dari tahun [[1961]] sampai tahun [[1968]] selama [[Perang Vietnam]]. Ia mundur dari posisi itu dan menjadi Presiden [[Bank Dunia]] ([[1968]]-[[1981]]).<ref>Radin, Beryl (2000), Beyond Machiavelli : Policy Analysis Comes of Age. Georgetown University Press.</ref> Robert McNamara lahir di [[San Francisco, California]], tempat ayahnya bekerja sebagai ''sales manager'' untuk perusahaan sepatu.
McNamara merupakan lulusan Harvard University dengan nilai kelulusan Phi Beta Kappa dimana hanya 3 orang yang lulus dengan nilai tersebut, dan salah satunya adalah McNamara. Dalam film dokumenter ''[[The Fog of War]]'' McNamara menjelaskan dan mengeluarkan 11 aturan atau lebih dikenal sebagai ''McNamara 11 Way''. Film tersebut merupakan suatu penggambaran perjalanan dirinya dari seorang perwira perang, direktur di perusahaan [[Ford]] sampai ia diminta oleh Presiden Kennedy untuk menjadi menteri pertahanan.
Baris 8 ⟶ 50:
== Referensi ==
{{reflist}}
{{Commonscat|Robert McNamara}}▼
{{lifetime|1916|2009|McNamara, Robert}}
{{Amerika-Serikat-bio-stub}}
▲{{Commonscat|Robert McNamara}}
[[Kategori:Politikus Amerika Serikat]]
| |||