William Billingsley: Perbedaan antara revisi

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Billingsley dilahirkan di [[Derby]] tahun 1758, ia magang di pabrik [[porselen]] [[Royal Crown Derby]] milik [[William Duesbury]] dimana ia belajar sampai menjadi pelukis porselen terkenal. Billingsley mengembangkan gaya yang berbeda untuk lukisan bunga, yang menjadi sangat populer diantara para pelanggan firma. Ketika ia berpikir untuk keluar pada tahun 1796, agen perusahaan menulis surat pada pemilik untuk membujuknya mempertahankan Billingsley agar tidak bekerja pada perusahaan pesaing. Namun mereka tidak berhasil mempertahankannya, dan ia melakukan beberapa kali pindah kerja dalam sisa kehidupannya. Pertama ia ke [[Pinxton]], sebuah desa kecil di [[Derbyshire]], dimana ia mendirikan perusahaan [[porselen Pinxton]] bersama John Coke sampai 1801. Perusahaan tersebut tetap berlangsung sampai 1812 namun produksinya menjadi semakin sedikit. Billingsley kemudian pindah ke [[Mansfield]] dan kemudian ke [[Torksey]], [[Lincolnshire]], ketika ia bertemu pertama kali dengan pembuat gerabah Samuel Walker, yang kemudian menikahi anak Billingsley, Sarah pada tahun 1812 ketika mereka pindah ke [[Worcester]]. Sebelum pindah ke Worcester, Billingsley mendekati para pembuat gerabah untuk mencari pekerja, termasuk [[Cambrian Pottery]], di [[Swansea]], [[Glamorganshire]] tahun 1907.
[[File:BillingsleyMansfield1799 1802.jpg|thumb|karya William Billingsley - [[Mansfield]] - 1799-1802]]
Billingsley startedmulai atbekerja di [[Royal Worcester]] intahun 1808 wheredimana heia wasmengatur instrumentalperbaikan inramuan theporselen firm's refinements of its porcelainfirma recipetersebut. WhileKetika atdi Royal Worcester underdibawah ''Flight, Barr & Barr'', Billingsley signedmenandatangani akontrak contractagar preventingia himtidak frommembocorkan disclosingrahasia porcelainramuan recipesporselen, howevernamun notidak clauseada prohibitedklausul himyang frommelarangnya producingmembuat porcelainporselen himselfsendiri. InTahun 1813 Billingsleyia tookmembawa hisramuan porcelainporselen recipesdan andpengalaman lifetime'sseumur experiencehidupnya indi theindustri industry,tersebut alongbersama-sama with his daughtersanak-anaknya Levinia, Sarah anddan son-in-lawmenantunya Samuel Walker toke [[Nantgarw]], [[Glamorganshire]], [[Wales]], wheredimana heia establishedmendirikan thepabrik [[NantgarwTembikar PotteryNantgarw]].<ref name=nant>{{en}} {{cite web|title=Nantgarw and Swansea porcelain|url=http://www.nantgarwandswanseaporcelain.co.uk/|publisher=nantgarwandswanseaporcelain.co.uk|accessdate=28 January 2011}}</ref>
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Billingsley started at [[Royal Worcester]] in 1808 where he was instrumental in the firm's refinements of its porcelain recipe. While at Royal Worcester under ''Flight, Barr & Barr'', Billingsley signed a contract preventing him from disclosing porcelain recipes, however no clause prohibited him from producing porcelain himself. In 1813 Billingsley took his porcelain recipes and lifetime's experience in the industry, along with his daughters Levinia, Sarah and son-in-law Samuel Walker to [[Nantgarw]], [[Glamorganshire]], [[Wales]], where he established the [[Nantgarw Pottery]].<ref name=nant>{{cite web|title=Nantgarw and Swansea porcelain|url=http://www.nantgarwandswanseaporcelain.co.uk/|publisher=nantgarwandswanseaporcelain.co.uk|accessdate=28 January 2011}}</ref>
 
NantgarwPabrik Potterytembikar was establishedNantgarw inberdiri November 1813, whenketika Billingsley & Walker purchasedmembeli "NantgarwWisma HouseNantgarw" ondi thesisi eastern side of thetimur [[Kanal Glamorganshire Canal]], eightdelapan milesmil northdi ofutara [[Cardiff]] indi theLembah Taff Valley, [[Glamorganshire]], anddan setmembangun abouttempat buildingpembakaran thetembikar kilns and ancillary equipment,dan inperalatan itspelengkap groundslainnya, necessarycukup todengan transformbangunan theyang buildingada intomenjadi aperusahaan smallpembuat porcelainporselen potterykecil.
 
Billingsley anddan Walker hadmenyediakan broughtdana with them a total ofinvestasi £250 tountuk investproyek inini theirpada project and by JanuaryJanuari 1814, thepengusaha dari [[kaum Quaker]] entrepreneur[[William Weston Young]] menjadi pemegang saham terbesar dalam usaha mereka.
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[[William Weston Young]] had already become the major share-holder in their venture. It is assumed Young was acquainted with Billingsley through a mutual friend, and fellow earthenware decorator Thomas Pardoe, whom Billingsley had approached at Swansea's [[Cambrian Pottery]], while seeking employment in 1807. Young's work across Glamorganshire as a surveyor may have put him in the position to advise Billingsley, while still at Royal Worcester, of the suitability of the site at Nantgarw.
 
The pottery was set up, but something of Billingsley & Walker's understanding of the recipe or manufacturing process was amiss, as 90% of the porcelain was ruined in the firing. The resources of the three associates soon ran out, and the group approached the ''Committee of Trade and Plantations'' asking for a grant of £500, referring to the subsidy the French Government had given the famous [[Sèvres]] Porcelain Factory. They were not successful, but one member of the committee, a porcelain enthusiast; Sir Joseph Banks, suggested to his friend and ceramicist [[Lewis Weston Dillwyn]] of the Cambrian Pottery of Swansea, should make an inspection.
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Billingsley worked for the Coalport Porcelain Works until his death in 1828. Walker and Billingsley's daughter Sarah later emigrated to [[United States|America]] where he established the Temperance Hill Pottery in [[West Troy]], [[New York]].
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