James Ferguson: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery|size=400px|align=left}}
Ketertarikannya pada mekanika terjadi ketika ia tanpa sengaja melihat ayahnya menggunakan [[pengungkit]] untuk menaikkan bagian atap rumahnya — sebuah peristiwa yang mengagumkannya karena dengan tenaga kecil bisa menghasilkan kekuatan mengangkat yang besar. Tahun 1720 ia disuruh ke peternakan tetangga untuk menjaga domba, dan ia kagum sendiri dengan membuat model mesin-mesin disitu, pada malam hari ia mempelajari bintang-bintang. Setelah itu, ia menjadi pembantu di tempat penggilingan, lalu dengan seorang dokter, ia mengalami kesulitan-kesulitan yang menyebabkan kesehatannya menurun. Karena dipaksa kondisi kesehatannya untuk kembali ke rumah, ia kemudian menghibur diri dengan membuat jam dengan gerigi kayu dan pegas menggunakan tulang insang ikan paus. Ketika mulai sehat ia menunjukkan karyanya ini dan beberapa penemuan lain pada seorang ningrat, yang kemudian mempekerjakannya untuk membersihkan koleksi jamnya, dan memintanya menganggap seperti rumahnya sendiri. Ia kemudian mulai menggambar pola sulaman, keberhasilannya dalam hal seni ini membuatnya berpikir untuk menjadi seorang pelukis.
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In 1734 he went to [[Edinburgh]], where he began to make [[portrait miniature|portraits in miniature]], by which means, while engaged in his scientific studies, he supported himself and his family for many years. Subsequently he settled at [[Inverness]], where he drew up his ''Astronomical Rotula for showing the motions of the planets, places of the sun and moon, &c.'', and in 1743 went to [[London]], [[England]], which was his home for the rest of his life. He wrote various papers for the [[Royal Society of London]], of which he became a Fellow in November 1763<ref>{{cite web|url=http://royalsociety.org/Lists-of-Royal-Society-Fellows-1660-2007/|title=Lists of Royal Society Fellows 1660-2007|publisher=The Royal Society|accessdate=21 July 2010|location=London}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref>, devised astronomical and mechanical models, and in 1748 began to give public lectures on experimental philosophy. These he repeated in most of the principal towns in England. His deep interest in his subject, his clear explanations, his ingeniously constructed diagrams, and his mechanical apparatus rendered him one of the most successful of popular lecturers on scientific subjects.
It is, however, as the inventor and improver of astronomical and other scientific apparatus, and as a striking instance of self-education, that he claims a place among the most remarkable men of science of his country. During the latter years of his life he was in receipt of a pension of £50 from the [[privy purse]]. He died in London on 17 November 1776 and was buried in St Marylebone churchyard.
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Karya penting Ferguson yang dipublikasikan diantaranya:
* ''Astronomical Tables'' (1763)
* ''Lectures on Select Subjects'' (
* ''Astronomy explained upon Sir [[Isaac Newton]]'s Principles'' (1756,
* ''Select Mechanical Exercises, with a Short Account of the Life of the Author, written by himself'' (1773).
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==Referensi==
{{commonscat|James Ferguson (1710-1776)}}
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