Pengguna:Crisco 1492/Geger Pacinan: Perbedaan antara revisi
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'''Geger Pacinan''' (juga dikenal sebagai '''Tragedi Angke'''; dalam {{lang-nl|'''Chinezenmoord'''}}, yang berarti "Pembunuhan orang Tionghoa") merupakan sebuah [[pogrom]] terhadap [[Tionghoa-Indonesia|orang keturunan Tionghoa]] di kota pelabuhan [[Batavia]] (sekarang [[Jakarta]]) di [[Hindia Belanda]]. Kekerasan dalam batas kota berlangsung dari 9 Oktober 1740 hingga 22 Oktober; berbagai pertempuran kecil terjadi hingga akhir November.
Keresehan dalam masyarakat Tionghoa dipicu oleh represi pemerintah dan berkurangnya penghasilan akibat jatuhnya harga gula menjelang pembantaianitu. Untuk menanggapi keresehan tersebut, pada sebuah pertemuan [[Dewan Hindia]] ({{lang|nl|''Raad van Indië''}}), badan pemimpin [[Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie]] [VOC]), [[Daftar Penguasa Hindia-Belanda|Guberner-Jenderal]] [[Adriaan Valckenier]] menyatakan bahwa kerusuhan apapun dapat ditanggapi dengan kekerasan mematikan. Pernyataan Valckenier tersebut diberlakukan pada tanggal 7 Oktober 1740 setelah ratusan orang keturunan Tionghoa, banyak di antaranya buruh di pabrik gula, membunuh 50 pasukan Belanda. Penguasa Belanda mengirim pasukan tambahan, yang mengambil semua senjata dari warga Tionghoa dan memberlakukan [[jam malam]]. Dua
Historians have estimated that at least 10,000 ethnic Chinese were massacred; the number of survivors is uncertain, although estimates range from 600 to 3,000. The following year, ethnic Chinese throughout Java were attacked, sparking a [[Java War (1741—1743)|two-year war]] which pitted ethnic Chinese and [[Javanese people|Javanese]] forces against [[Dutch East India Company|Dutch]] troops. Valckenier was later recalled to the [[Netherlands]] and charged with crimes related to the massacre; [[Gustaaf Willem van Imhoff]] replaced him as governor-general. The massacre's legacy in popular culture is found in [[Dutch literature]], in which it has figured heavily. It is also cited as a possible etymology for the names of several areas in Jakarta.
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==Hasil==
[[Berkas:Trapping of three councilmen of Dutch East Indies.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Van Imhoff dan dua anggota
Most accounts of the massacre estimate that 10.000 Chinese were killed within Batavia's city walls, while at least another 500 were seriously wounded. Between 600 and 700 Chinese-owned houses were raided and burned.{{sfn|Setiono|2008|p=119}}{{sfn|van Hoëvell|1840|pp=491–492}} Vermeulen gives a figure of 600 survivors,{{sfn|Dharmowijono|2009|p=300}} while the Indonesian scholar A.R.T. Kemasang estimates that 3,000 Chinese survived.{{sfn|Kemasang|1982|p=68}} The Indonesian historian Benny G. Setiono notes that 500 prisoners and hospital patients were killed,{{sfn|Setiono|2008|p=119}} and a total of 3,431 people survived.{{sfn|Setiono|2008|p=121}} The massacre was followed by an "open season"{{sfn|Kemasang|1981|p=137}} against the ethnic Chinese throughout Java, causing another massacre in 1741 in [[Semarang]], and others later in [[Surabaya]] and [[Gresik]].{{sfn|Kemasang|1981|p=137}}
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