Enûma Elish: Perbedaan antara revisi

This epic is one of the most important sources for understanding the [[Babylonia]]n worldview, centered on the supremacy of [[Marduk]] and the creation of humankind for the service of the [[Mesopotamian deities|gods]]. Its primary original purpose, however, is not an exposition of [[theology]] or [[theogony]] but the elevation of Marduk, the chief god of [[Babylon]], above other Mesopotamian gods.

 

 

==Summary==

<blockquote>"In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth. The earth was without form and void, and darkness was over the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God was hovering over the face of the waters.

And God said, ‘Let there be light,’ and there was light.

 

However, these parallels do not necessarily suggest that Hebrew beliefs about the nature of God and creation can be completely explained as having their origins in the creation myths of the time. Rather, many biblical scholars see the Genesis texts as polemically addressing the Babylonian worldview. For example, Conrad Hyers, from Princeton Theological Seminary, argues that the composition of the Genesis 1 creation account is not "a matter of borrowing, as one might borrow an egg here and a cup of sugar there, or even a new recipe. The aim is not to appropriate a superior form, or to make an eclectic compromise, or even to improve upon pagan cosmologies. It is rather to repudiate the divinization of nature and the attendant myths of divine origins, divine conflict, and divine ascent. Even the great Marduk, who was said to be born of the gods, victorious over chaotic forces, and elevated to supremacy among the gods, was no god at all." <ref> Conrad Hyers, "The Meaning of Creation: Genesis and Modern Science", John Knox, 1984. </ref>

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*[http://www.sacred-texts.com/ane/blc/blc07.htm The Seven Tablets of Creation], The Babylonian Legends of Creation, by E. A. Wallis Budge, [1921], at sacred-texts.com

*Anton Deimel, ''Enûma Eliš'' (1936).

*W. C. Lambert, S. B. Parker, ''Enûma Eliš. The Babylonian Epic of Creation'', Oxford (1966).

*D. D. Luckenbill, ''The Ashur Version of the Seven Tablets of Creation'', The American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures, Vol. 38, No. 1 (Oct., 1921), pp.&nbsp;12-35 .

 

*[[Religions of the Ancient Near East]]

*[[Mesopotamian pantheon]]

 

{{Reflist|2}}

 

*F. N. H. Al-Rawi, J. A. Black, ''A New Manuscript of Enūma Eliš, Tablet VI'', Journal of Cuneiform Studies (1994).

*H. L. J. Vanstiphout, ''Enūma eliš: Tablet V Lines 15-22'', Journal of Cuneiform Studies (1981).

*Alexander Heidel, "Babylonian Genesis" (1951) ([http://books.google.com.kh/books?id=ge3AT4SewpgC&dq=heidel+alexander+babylonian+genesis&pg=PP1&ots=0Ww_aokgVb&sig=LOJgKz9ThCzI7pTHQLorgxVCgWg&prev=http://www.google.com.kh/search%3Fq%3DHeidel%252C%2BAlexander%2BBabylonian%2BGenesis%26ie%3Dutf-8%26oe%3Dutf-8%26aq%3Dt%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26client%3Dfirefox-a&sa=X&oi=print&ct=title&cad=one-book-with-thumbnail google books link])

 

* [http://www.ancient.eu.com/article/225/ Enuma Elish - The Babylonian Epic of Creation] on Ancient History Encyclopedia (includes the original text)

* [http://www.sacred-texts.com/cla/af/af12.htm The Theogonies of Damascius]

 

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