Dinasti Shang: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Baris 37:
Pada zaman Dinasti Shāng 商, mulai dikembangkan kemampuan kerajinan besi, kerajinan keramik dan porselin, perdagangan juga sangat pesat. Dari hasil penemuan tulang ramalan (Jiǎgúwén 甲骨文) membuktikan perkembangan tulisan pada masa Dinasti Shāng 商 sudah mengalami suatu masa perkembangan yang cukup lama. Astrologi dan tata hukum lebih maju dari zaman Dinasti Xià夏, banyak penemuan baru dari ilmu perbintangan, seperti ditemukannya planet mars dan planet venus, selain itu, juga terdapat catatan tertulis tentang ilmu matematika dan medis, serta perkembangan seni musik juga sudah sangat tinggi, muncul banyak alat musik dan seni tari ; seperti Diāosù 雕塑 yang merupakan salah satu seni paling terkenal pada masyarakat perbudakan Dinasti Shāng 商.
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<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" class="wikitable">
<tr>
<th colspan="5" style="background:#efefef;">[[Posthumous name]]s</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="5" align="center">''Convention: posthumous name or King + posthumous name''</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>Order </th>
<th>Reign</th>
<th>Chinese</th>
<th>Hanyu Pinyin</th>
<th width = "33%" >Notes</th></tr>
<tr><td>01 </td><td>29 </td><td>湯 </td><td class = "lft" >[[King Tang of Shang of China|Tāng]] </td><td>a Sage king; overthrew tyrant Jié (桀) of [[Xia Dynasty|Xià]] (夏) </td></tr>
<tr><td>02 </td><td>02 </td><td>太丁 </td><td class = "lft" >[[Da Ding of Shang|Tài Dīng]]
<tr><td>03 </td><td>32 </td><td>外丙 </td><td class = "lft" >[[King Bu Bing of Shang of China|Wài Bǐng]] </td><td> </td></tr>
<tr><td>04 </td><td>04 </td><td>仲壬 </td><td class = "lft" >[[Zhong Ren|Zhòng Rén]] </td><td> </td></tr>
<tr><td>05 </td><td>12 </td><td>太甲 </td><td class = "lft" >[[Tai Jia|Tài Jiǎ]] </td><td> </td></tr>
<tr><td>06 </td><td>29 </td><td>沃丁 </td><td class = "lft" >[[Wo Ding|Wò Dǐng]] </td><td> </td></tr>
<tr><td>07 </td><td>25 </td><td>太庚 </td><td class = "lft" >[[Tai Geng|Tài Gēng]] </td><td> </td></tr>
<tr><td>08 </td><td>17 </td><td>小甲 </td><td class = "lft" >[[Xiao Jia|Xiǎo Jiǎ]] </td><td> </td></tr>
<tr><td>09 </td><td>12 </td><td>雍己 </td><td class = "lft" >[[Yong Ji|Yōng Jǐ]] </td><td> </td></tr>
<tr><td>10 </td><td>75 </td><td>太戊 </td><td class = "lft" >[[Tai Wu|Tài Wù]] </td><td> </td></tr>
<tr><td>11 </td><td>11 </td><td>仲丁 </td><td class = "lft" >[[Zhong Ding|Zhòng Dīng]] </td><td> </td></tr>
<tr><td>12 </td><td>15 </td><td>外壬 </td><td class = "lft" >[[Wai Ren]] </td><td> </td></tr>
<tr><td>13 </td><td>09 </td><td>河亶甲 </td><td class = "lft" >[[He Dan Jia|Hé Dǎn Jiǎ]] </td><td> </td></tr>
<tr><td>14 </td><td>19 </td><td>祖乙 </td><td class = "lft" >[[Zu Yi|Zǔ Yǐ]] </td><td> </td></tr>
<tr><td>15 </td><td>16 </td><td>祖辛 </td><td class = "lft" >[[Zu Xin|Zǔ Xīn]] </td><td> </td></tr>
<tr><td>16 </td><td>20 </td><td>沃甲 </td><td class = "lft" >[[Wo Jia|Wò Jiǎ]] </td><td> </td></tr>
<tr><td>17 </td><td>32 </td><td>祖丁 </td><td class = "lft" >[[Zu Ding|Zǔ Dīng]] </td><td> </td></tr>
<tr><td>18 </td><td>29 </td><td>南庚 </td><td class = "lft" >[[Nan Geng|Nán Gēng]] </td><td> </td></tr>
<tr><td>19 </td><td>07 </td><td>陽甲 </td><td class = "lft" >[[Yang Jia|Yáng Jiǎ]] </td><td> </td></tr>
<tr><td>20 </td><td>28 </td><td>盤庚 </td><td class = "lft" >[[Pan Geng|Pán Gēng]] </td><td>Shang finally settled down at Yīn (殷). The period starting from Pán Gēng is also called the Yīn Dynasty, beginning the golden age of the Shāng dynasty. [[Oracle bone]] inscriptions are thought to date at least to Pán Gēng's era.</td></tr>
<tr><td>21 </td><td>29 </td><td>小辛 </td><td class = "lft" >[[Xiao Xin of Shang|Xiǎo Xīn]] </td><td> </td></tr>
<tr><td>22 </td><td>21 </td><td>小乙 </td><td class = "lft" >[[Xiao Yi of Shang|Xiǎo Yǐ]] </td><td> </td></tr>
<tr><td>23 </td><td>59 </td><td>武丁 </td><td class = "lft" >[[Wu Ding|Wǔ Dīng]] </td><td> married to consort [[Fu Hao]], who was a renowned warrior. Most of the oracle bones studied are believed to have came from his reign.</td></tr>
<tr><td>24 </td><td>12 </td><td>祖庚 </td><td class = "lft" >[[Zu Geng of Shang|Zǔ Gēng]] </td><td> </td></tr>
<tr><td>25 </td><td>20 </td><td>祖甲 </td><td class = "lft" >[[Zu Jia|Zǔ Jiǎ]] </td><td> </td></tr>
<tr><td>26 </td><td>06 </td><td>廩辛 </td><td class = "lft" >[[Lin Xin|Lǐn Xīn]] </td><td> </td></tr>
<tr><td>27 </td><td>06 </td><td>庚丁 </td><td class = "lft" >[[Geng Ding|Gēng Dīng]] </td><td>or Kang Ding (康丁 Kāng Dīng)</td></tr>
<tr><td>28 </td><td>35 </td><td>武乙 </td><td class = "lft" >[[Wu Yi (ruler)|Wǔ Yǐ]] </td><td> </td></tr>
<tr><td>29 </td><td>11 </td><td>文丁 </td><td class = "lft" >[[Wen Ding|Wén Dīng]] </td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td>30 </td><td>26 </td><td>帝乙 </td><td class = "lft" >[[Di Yi|Dì Yǐ]] </td><td> </td></tr>
<tr><td>31 </td><td>30 </td><td>帝辛 </td><td class = "lft" >[[Di Xin|Dì Xīn]] </td><td>aka Zhòu (紂), Zhòu Xīn (紂辛) or Zhòu Wáng (紂王). Also referred to by adding "Shāng" (商) in front of any of these names. </td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="5" align="left">Note:
# All dates are approximate up to [[841 BC]]. Refer to [[Zhou Dynasty (1122 BC - 256 BC)|Zhou dynasty]] for more info.
# Personal names of most of the Shang sovereigns were unknown. The following names were most likely posthumous owing to worse appearances of the [[Heavenly Stems]].</td>
</tr>
</table>
{{Commons|Category:Shang Dynasty}}
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