Beit She'an: Perbedaan antara revisi

 

During the 4th-7th century [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantine]] period, Beit She'an was primarily Christian, as attested to by the large number of churches, but Jewish and a [[Samaritan]] synagogue remains indicate established communities of these minorities. The pagan temple in the city centre was destroyed, but the [[nymphaeum]] and [[Thermae|Roman baths]] were restored. Many [[Dedication|dedicatory inscription]]s indicate a preference for donations to religious buildings, and many colourful [[mosaic]]s, such as that featuring the [[zodiac]] in the Monastery of Lady Mary, or the one picturing a [[Menorah (Temple)|menorah]] and [[shalom]] in the House of Leontius' Jewish synagogue, were preserved. A Samaritan synagogue's mosaic was unique in abstaining from human or animal images, instead utilising floral and geometrical motifs. Elaborate decorations were also found in the settlement's many luxurious villas, and in the 6th century especially, the city reached its maximum size of 40,000 and spread beyond its period [[Defensive wall|city wall]]s.<ref name="JVL" />

 

===Beisan===

On January 18, 749, Umayyad Beisan was completely devastated by the [[Golan earthquake of 749]]. A few residential neighborhoods grew up on the ruins, probably established by the survivors, but the city never recovered its magnificence. The city center moved to the southern hill where a Crusader fortress surrounded by a moat was constructed.<ref>[http://www.antiquities.org.il/article_Item_eng.asp?sec_id=17&sub_subj_id=328&id=662#as Israel Antiquities Authority, Death of a City]</ref>

 

[[Crusade]]rs established a [[Crusader states|fiefdom]] and fortress called [[Belvoir Fortress (Israel)|Belvoir]] (Beauvoir) circa 1140 about {{convert|15|km|mi}} north of modern Beit She'an. They were besieged and then ejected circa 1190. The site is now a national park.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.parks.org.il/ParksENG/company_card.php3?CNumber=420742|publisher=parks.org.il|title=Cochav Hayarden National Park|accessdate=2007-09-18}}</ref>

 

The [[University of Pennsylvania]] carried out excavations of ancient Beit She'an in 1921–1933. They discovered many interesting relics from the [[Canaanites#Egyptian Canaan|Egyptian period]], most of which are preserved in the [[Rockefeller Museum]] in Jerusalem and some in the [[University of Pennsylvania Museum]] in [[Philadelphia]], [[United States]]. Excavations at the site are ongoing and reveal no less than 18 successive ancient towns.<ref name="Upenn">{{cite web|http://www.sas.upenn.edu/aamw/resources/fieldwork/#Beth%20Shean%20(Israel)|title=Beth Shean (Israel)|work=University of Pennsylvania|accessdate=2009-02-04}}</ref><ref name="Stanford">{{cite journal|last=Heiser|first=Lauren|date=2000-03-10|url=http://srb.stanford.edu/nur/GP50/laurenh.pdf|accessdate=2009-02-04}}</ref> Ancient Beit She'an is one of the most impressive Roman and Byzantine sites in Israel, and it attracts approximately 300,000 tourists annually, although most tourists to the region are day visitors on route to other tourism centers.<ref name="Mfa">{{cite web|url=http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Peace%20Process/Regional%20Projects/Jordan%20Rift%20Valley-%20Tourism|title=Beit She'an|work=Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs |accessdate=2009-02-08}}</ref>

 

 

===20th century===