Teks Alexandria: Perbedaan antara revisi

A number of substantial [[papyruspapirus]] manuscripts of portions of the New Testament survive from earlier still, and those that can be ascribed a text-type — such as <math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁶⁶ and <math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁷⁵ from the early 3rd century — also tend to witness to the Alexandrian text.

|style="background:#EBE" align="center"| fragmentsfragmen Luke — John

|style="background:#EBE" align="center"| fragmentsfragmen Luke — John

|style="background:#EBE" align="center"| [[PaulineSurat-surat epistlesPaulus]]

|style="background:#EBE" align="center"| fragmentsfragmen of Matt.

[[PapyrusPapirus 1|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>¹]], [[PapyrusPapirus 4|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁴]], [[PapyrusPapirus Oxyrhynchus 208 + 1781|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁵]], [[PapyrusPapirus 6|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁶]], [[PapyrusPapirus 8|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁸]], [[PapyrusPapirus 9|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁹]], [[PapyrusPapirus 10|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>¹⁰]], [[PapyrusPapirus 11|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>¹¹]], [[PapyrusPapirus 12|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>¹²]], [[PapyrusPapirus 13|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>¹³]], [[PapyrusPapirus 14|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>¹⁴]], [[PapyrusPapirus 15|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>¹⁵]], [[PapyrusPapirus 16|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>¹⁶]], [[PapyrusPapirus 17|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>¹⁷]], [[PapyrusPapirus 18|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>¹⁸]], [[PapyrusPapirus 19|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>¹⁹]], [[PapyrusPapirus 20|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>²⁰]], [[PapyrusPapirus 22|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>²²]], [[PapyrusPapirus 23|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>²³]], [[PapyrusPapirus 24|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>²⁴]], [[PapyrusPapirus 26|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>²⁶]], [[PapyrusPapirus 27|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>²⁷]], [[PapyrusPapirus 28|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>²⁸]], [[PapyrusPapirus 29|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>²⁹]], [[PapyrusPapirus 30|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>³⁰]], [[PapyrusPapirus 31|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>³¹]], [[PapyrusPapirus 32|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>³²]], [[PapyrusPapirus 33|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>³³]], [[PapyrusPapirus 34|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>³⁴]], [[PapyrusPapirus 35|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>³⁵]], [[PapyrusPapirus 37|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>³⁷]], [[PapyrusPapirus 39|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>³⁹]], [[PapyrusPapirus 40|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁴⁰]], [[PapyrusPapirus 43|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁴³]], [[PapyrusPapirus 44|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁴⁴]], [[PapyrusPapirus 45|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁴⁵]], [[PapyrusPapirus 47|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁴⁷]], [[PapyrusPapirus 49|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁴⁹]], [[PapyrusPapirus 51|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁵¹]], [[PapyrusPapirus 53|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁵³]], [[PapyrusPapirus 55|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁵⁵]], [[PapyrusPapirus 56|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁵⁶]], [[PapyrusPapirus 57|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁵⁷]], [[PapyrusPapirus 61|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁶¹]], [[PapyrusPapirus 62|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁶²]], [[PapyrusPapirus 64|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁶⁴]], [[PapyrusPapirus 65|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁶⁵]], [[PapyrusPapirus 70|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁷⁰]], [[PapyrusPapirus 71|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁷¹]], [[PapyrusPapirus 72|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁷²]], [[PapyrusPapirus 74|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁷⁴]], [[PapyrusPapirus 77|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁷⁷]], [[PapyrusPapirus 78|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁷⁸]], [[PapyrusPapirus 79|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁷⁹]], [[PapyrusPapirus 80|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁸⁰]] (?), [[PapyrusPapirus 81|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁸¹]], [[PapyrusPapirus 82|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁸²]], [[PapyrusPapirus 85|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁸⁵]] (?), [[PapyrusPapirus 86|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁸⁶]], [[PapyrusPapirus 87|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁸⁷]], [[PapyrusPapirus 90|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁹⁰]], [[PapyrusPapirus 91|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁹¹]], [[PapyrusPapirus 92|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁹²]], [[PapyrusPapirus 95|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁹⁵]], [[PapyrusPapirus 100|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>¹⁰⁰]], [[PapyrusPapirus 104|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>¹⁰⁴]], [[PapyrusPapirus 106|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>¹⁰⁶]], [[PapyrusPapirus 107|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>¹⁰⁷]], [[PapyrusPapirus 108|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>¹⁰⁸]], [[PapyrusPapirus 110|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>¹¹⁰]], [[PapyrusPapirus 111|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>¹¹¹]], [[PapyrusPapirus 115|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>¹¹⁵]], [[PapyrusPapirus 122|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>¹²²]].

All extant manuscripts of all text-types are at least 85% identical and most of the variations are not translatable into English, such as word order or spelling. When compared to witnesses of the Western text-type, Alexandrian readings tend to be shorter; and are commonly regarded as having a lower tendency to expand or paraphrase. Some of the manuscripts representing the Alexandrian text-type have the Byzantine corrections made by later hands (PapyrusPapirus 66, Codex Sinaiticus, Codex Ephraemi, Codex Regius, and Codex Sangallensis).<ref>E. A. Button, ''An Atlas of Textual Criticism'', Cambridge, 1911, p. 13.</ref> When compared to witnesses of the Byzantine text type, Alexandrian manuscripts tend:

: τη προσευχη (''prayer'') – [[PapyrusPapirus 11|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math>¹¹]], <math>\mathfrak{P}</math>⁴⁶, א*, A, B, C, D, F, G, P, Ψ, 6, 33, 81, 104, 181, 629, 630, 1739, 1877, 1881, 1962, it vg, cop, arm, eth

The evidence of the papyri suggests that — in Egypt at least — very different manuscript readings co-existed in the same area in the early Christian period. So, whereas the early 3rd century papyruspapirus P⁷⁵ witnesses a text in Luke and John that is very close to that found a century later in the Codex Vaticanus, the nearly contemporary P⁶⁶ has a much freer text of John; with many unique variants; and others that are now considered distinctive to the Western and Byzantine text-types, albeit that the bulk of readings are Alexandrian. Most modern text critics therefore do not regard any one text-type as deriving in direct succession from autograph manuscripts, but rather, as the fruit of local exercises to compile the best New Testament text from a manuscript tradition that already displayed wide variations.