Kode Alkitab: Perbedaan antara revisi

 

Skeptic [[Dave Thomas (physicist)|Dave Thomas]] claimed to find other examples in many texts. While Thomas' methodology was alleged to have been refuted by [[Robert Haralick]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.torah-code.org/papers/skeptical_inquirer_02_15_07.pdf |title=Skeptical About the Reasoning of the Bible Code Skeptic |author=Robert M |publisher=torah-code.org |accessdate=October 6, 2010}}</ref> and others, Thomas's criticisms were aimed at Drosnin, whose methodology was actually far worse. (In fact, Drosnin's example of "Clinton" in his first book violated the basic Bible Code concept of "Minimality"; Drosnin's "Clinton" was a completely invalid "code"). In addition, McKay claimed that Drosnin had used the flexibility of Hebrew [[orthography]] to his advantage, freely mixing classic (no vowels, Y and W strictly consonant) and modern (Y and W used to indicate ''i'' and ''u'' vowels) modes, as well as variances in spelling of K and T, to reach the desired meaning. In his television series ''[[John Safran vs God]]'', Australian television personality [[John Safran]] and McKay again demonstrated the "tuning" technique, demonstrating that these techniques could produce "evidence" of the September 11 terrorist attacks on New York in the lyrics of [[Vanilla Ice]]'s repertoire. Additionally, "coded" references in non-Torah Bible texts, as for instance the famous [[Number of the Beast]], do not use the Bible code technique. And, the influence and consequences of scribal errors (e.g., misspellings, additions, deletions, misreadings, ...) are hard to account for in the context of a Bible coded message left secretly in the text. McKay and others claim that in the absence of an objective measure of quality and an objective way to select test subjects, it is not possible positively to determine whether any particular observation is significant or not. For that reason, most of the serious effort of the skeptics has been focused on the scientific claims of Witztum, Rips and Gans.

== Jenis lain kode Alkitab ==

Contoh lain dari ramalan yang diyakini tersembunyi dalam teks Alkitab, yang dikatakan berasal dari Rabbi [[Chaim Michael Dov Weissmandl]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.torahone.com/docs/TorahCodes.htm |title=I am statistically significant |publisher=torahone.com |accessdate=October 6, 2010}}</ref> berkaitan dengan hukuman gantung atas 10 pemimpin [[Nazi]] pada tanggal 16 Oktober 1946 sebagai keputusan [[Persidangan Nuremberg]]. Rabbi Weissmandl menyatakan bahwa peristiwa ini sudah diramalkan dalam kisah [[Alkitab]] mengenai hukuman gantung atas 10 putra [[Haman]], yang juga merupakan konsekuensi akhir dari suatu rencana pembasmian terhadap bangsa Yahudi yang gagal. Aspek pengkodean dari spekulasinya ini adalah dari [[Teks Masoret]] [[Alkitab Ibrani]], di mana tiga huruf di dalam daftar nama putra-putra Haman ditandai dengan penulisan huruf-huruf berukuran lebih kecil:<ref>[http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/view_page.jsp?artid=860&letter=S&pid=1 "Small and Large Letters"] in the: [[Jewish Encyclopedia]], Funk and Wagnalls, New York 1901–1906. Volume 11, p. 411-412.</ref> huruf [[taw (huruf Ibrani)|taw]] {{hebrew|ת}} pada Parshanda'''th'''a, huruf [[shin (huruf Ibrani)|shin]] {{hebrew|ש}} pada Parma'''sh'''tha dan huruf [[zayin (huruf Ibrani)|zayin]] {{hebrew|ז}} pada Vaje'''z'''atha. Rabbi Weissmandl menunjukkan bahwa penggabungan tiga huruf ini membentuk kata {{hebrew|תשז}}, yang dalam pembacaan sebagai bilangan tahun dalam [[Kalender Ibrani]] (menggunakan [[Gematria]]) bertepatan dengan tahun Yahudi [5]707 [[Anno Mundi]],<ref>Menggunakan metode pencatatan Yahudi untuk tahun, angka 707 dapat melambangkan tahun 5707, ini adalah sistem "minor era" pada notasi [[Kalender Ibrani]]. Misalnya, Webster's New World Hebrew Dictionary menyatakan: "Dalam praktik . . . (angka) ribuan dihilangkan dan tahun Yahudi disebut dengan mengutip, dalam simbol angka Yahudi, angka-angka ratusan ke bawah" (p. xxiv, Introduction, The Jewish Calendar). Lihat pula [[chronogram]].</ref> yaitu tahun Yahudi di mana 10 pemimpin Nazi itu dihukum gantung (16 Oktober 1946 bertepatan dengan 21 Tishrei 5707, hari yang dikenal sebagai ''Hoshanna Rabba,'' hari penghukuman berat untuk bangsa-bangsa di dunia, menurut Kalender Yahudi).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hebcal.com/converter/ |title=Hebrew Date Converter |publisher=hebcal.com |accessdate=October 6, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://calendarhome.com/converter/ |title=Calendar Converter |publisher=calendarhome.com |accessdate=October 6, 2010| archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20100927100957/http://calendarhome.com/converter/| archivedate= September 27, 2010 | deadurl= no}}</ref> Banyak orang mengkritik berbagai aspek spekulasi ini.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.talkreason.org/articles/Purim.cfm |title=Purim 1946? Not Exactly |author=Ephraim Rubin |date=August 9, 2002 |publisher=talkreason.org accessdate=October 6, 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://ralphriver.blogspot.com/2005/03/small-and-large-letters-in-esther.html |title=Ralph the Sacred River |date=March 28, 2005 |publisher=ralphriver.blogspot.com |accessdate=October 6, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://dovbear.blogspot.com/2005/03/purimfest-1946.html |title=Purimfest 1946!! |date=March 24, 2005 |publisher=dovbear.blogspot.com |accessdate=October 6, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=http://books.google.com/?id=4BSyeyoG_1AC&printsec=frontcover&dq=shackles+fundamentalism#v=onepage&q=nuremberg&f=false |author=R. D. Gold |title=Bondage of the Mind: How Old Testament Fundamentalism Shackles the Mind and Enslaves the Spirit |publisher=Aldus Books |year=2008 |isbn= 978-0-9796406-0-5 |page=71}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.infidels.org/library/modern/shlomi_tal/saga.html |title=Genealogical Saga of Judaism (2001) |publisher=infidels.org |accessdate=October 6, 2010| archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20100928024726/http://infidels.org/library/modern/shlomi_tal/saga.html| archivedate= September 28, 2010 | deadurl= no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://failedmessiah.typepad.com/failed_messiahcom/2008/03/purim-fest-1946.html |title=Purim Fest, 1946 – A Tale of Kiruv |publisher=failedmessiah.typepad.com}}</ref> Para pengkritik menunjukkan bahwa ada beberapa tradisi berbeda mengenai apa huruf-huruf berukuran lebih kecil dalam nama putra-putra Haman. Juga dituduhkan bahwa para pendukung hanya menyebut kemiripan di antara kasus-kasus itu, tetapi mengabaikan banyak perbedaannya. Lebih umum, mereka berpendapat bahwa hal ini bukanlah benar-benar suatu ramalan ''a priori'' ("sebelumnya"), melainkian suatu [[postdiction]] ("penyebutan setelahnya"), dan karenanya signifikansi statistik kejadian ini, jika ada pun, tidak dapat dihitung dengan pasti.