Lobster: Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
k →Jenis lobster: tambah templat using AWB |
Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan |
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** ''[[Thymopides]]''
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{{nutritional value |name=Lobster Amerika, kukus |image=[[File:SteamedLobster.jpg|240px]] |caption=Lobster uutuh yang dikukus |kJ=372 |protein=19.0 g |fat=0.86 g |satfat=0.208 g |monofat=0.253 g |polyfat=0.340 g |carbs=0 g |fibre=0 g |sugars=0 g |iron_mg=0.29 |calcium_mg=96 |magnesium_mg=43 |phosphorus_mg=185 |potassium_mg=230 |zinc_mg=4.05 |vitC_mg=0 |pantothenic_mg=1.667 |vitB6_mg=0.119 |folate_ug=11 |thiamin_mg=0.023 |riboflavin_mg=0.017 |niacin_mg=1.830 |right=1 |source=<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/foods/show/4588?max=25&qlookup=lobster&format=Full |title=Nutrient data for 15148, Crustaceans, lobster, northern, cooked, moist heat |work=National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 24 |publisher=USDA [[Agricultural Research Service]] |date=March 30, 2012 |accessdate=July 17, 2012}}</ref>}}
'''Lobster''' bercapit membentuk sebuah keluarga ('''Nephropidae''', kadangkala juga Homaridae) dari [[crustacean]] besar laut. Mereka penting sebagai hewan, bisnis, dan makanan.
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Like all arthropods, lobsters are largely bilaterally symmetrical; clawed lobsters often possess unequal, specialized claws, like the [[king crab]]. The anatomy of the lobster includes the [[cephalothorax]] which is the head fused with the [[thorax]], both of which are covered by the [[Carapace|carapace]], and the abdomen. The lobster's head consists of [[Antenna (biology)|antennae]], antennules, [[mandible]]s, the first and second [[maxilla]]e, and the first, second, and third [[maxilliped]]s. Because a lobster lives in a murky environment at the bottom of the ocean, its vision is poor and it mostly uses its antennae as sensors. The abdomen of the lobster includes [[decapod anatomy|swimmerets]] and its tail is composed of [[uropod]]s and the [[telson]].
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== Industri lobster ==▼
▲[[Berkas:Lobster traps.jpg|thumb|left|Jaring lobster]]
Lobster kebanyakan datang dari pesisir timur laut Amerika Utara dengan [[Canadian Maritimes]] dan negara bagian [[Amerika Serikat]] [[Maine]] sebagai produsen terbesar. Mereka ditangkap dengan menggunakan [[jebakan lobster]]. Alat tersebut diberi umpan dan diturunkan ke dasar laut. Alat ini membiarkan lobster masuk, namun tidak mungkin bagi lobster besar untuk keluar. Alat ini membuat lobster kecil dapat keluar sehingga bisa mecegah penangkapan lobster yang berlebihan.▼
== Jenis lobster ==
Spesies lobster
* [[Atlantic deep-sea lobster]] (''Acanthacaris caeca'')
* [[Prickly deep-sea lobster]] (''Acanthacaris tenuimana'')
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* [[Patagonian lobsterette]] (''Thymops birsteini'')
* [[Nilenta lobsterette]] (''Thymopsis nilenta'')
▲== Industri lobster ==
▲Lobster kebanyakan datang dari pesisir timur laut Amerika Utara dengan [[Canadian Maritimes]] dan negara bagian [[Amerika Serikat]] [[Maine]] sebagai produsen terbesar. Mereka ditangkap dengan menggunakan [[jebakan lobster]]. Alat tersebut diberi umpan dan diturunkan ke dasar laut. Alat ini membiarkan lobster masuk, namun tidak mungkin bagi lobster besar untuk keluar. Alat ini membuat lobster kecil dapat keluar sehingga bisa mecegah penangkapan lobster yang berlebihan.
==Sebagai makanan==
Lobster baru populer di pertengahan abad ke 19, diperkenalkan oleh penduduk New York dan Boston.<ref>{{cite book |author=Colin Woodard |url=http://www.colinwoodard.com/lobstercoast |title=The Lobster Coast |publisher=New York: Viking/Penguin |isbn=0-670-03324-3 |year=2004 |pages=170–180}}</ref> Ketika itu, kapal khusus juga dibangun untuk menjaga agar lobster yang ditangkap tetap hidup selama transportasi<ref>{{cite web | title=The Lobster Institute: History | work=The Lobster Institute at the University of Maine | url=http://www.lobster.um.maine.edu/index.php?page=52 | accessdate=2012-06-11 }}</ref> Ketika itu lobster merupakan makanan orang miskin di [[Maine]], [[Massachusetts]], dan penduduk pinggir pantai Kanada.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/us_and_americas/article581926.ece |title=How lobster went up in the world |publisher=The Times |date=October 24, 2005 |location=London |author=Mark Henderson |accessdate=May 11, 2010}}</ref> Lobster ketika itu juga disajikan kepada [[narapidana]] untuk mengganggu selera makan mereka.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.maine.gov/sos/kids/about/lobster.htm |work=All About Maine |title=Lobster |publisher=[[Secretary of State of Maine]] |accessdate=July 29, 2013}}</ref> Pemanfaatan lainnya dari lobster ketika itu adalah sebagai bahan pupuk dan umpan ikan, dan baru [[pengalengan ikan|dikalengkan]] pada awal abad ke 20.<ref name="Fish Forever">{{cite book|first=Paul |last=Johnson |title=Fish Forever: The Definitive Guide to Understanding, Selecting, and Preparing Healthy, Delicious, and Environmentally Sustainable Seafood | chapter=Lobster | publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]] |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-7645-8779-5|pages=163–175}}</ref>
Lobster umumnya dimasak dengan dikukus atau direbus.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.atwoodlobster.com/site/cookinglobster.asp |title=Cooking lobsters |publisher=Atwood Lobster Company |accessdate=June 30, 2007 |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20070607114042/http://www.atwoodlobster.com/site/cookinglobster.asp |archivedate=June 7, 2007}}</ref> Kadar [[merkuri]] dari lobster Amerika sekitar 0.31 ppm.<ref name=mercury>{{cite web |url=http://www.fda.gov/Food/FoodSafety/Product-SpecificInformation/Seafood/FoodbornePathogensContaminants/Methylmercury/ucm115644.htm |title=Mercury Levels in Commercial Fish and Shellfish |publisher=[[Food and Drug Administration]] |accessdate=December 25, 2009 |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20130306184953/http://www.fda.gov/Food/FoodSafety/Product-SpecificInformation/Seafood/FoodbornePathogensContaminants/Methylmercury/ucm115644.htm |archivedate=March 6, 2013 |deadurl=yes}}</ref>
==Lihat pula==
{{portal|Pertanian}}
* [[Jebakan lobster]]
== Referensi ==
{{reflist}}
{{sumberdaya perikanan}}
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{{templat:Boga bahari}}
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