Biseksualitas: Perbedaan antara revisi

 

Tidak ada konsensus diantara para ahli mengenai alasan yang tepat mengapa seorang individu mengembangkan orientasi heteroseksual, biseksual, atau homoseksual.<ref name=apanew>[http://www.apa.org/topics/sorientation.html Sex<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>Alasan-alasan yang diajukan anatar lain adalah sebuah kombinasi dari [[Biologi dan orientasi seksual|faktor-faktor genetika]]<ref>{{cite doi|10.1007.2Fs10508-008-9381-6}}</ref><ref>[http://www.time.com/time/health/article/0,8599,1815538,00.html What the gay brain looks like], ''Time'';</ref> dan [[Lingkungan dan orientasi seksual|faktor-faktor lingkungan]] (termasuk urutan kelahiran, yaitu jika memiliki banyak kakak pria seseorang akan lebih cenderung untuk menjadi homoseksual; pemaparan hormon-hormon spesifik pra-kelahiran, yaitu hormon-hormon berperan dalam menentukan orientasi seksual sebagaimana yang terjadi pada dalam hal diferensiasi jenis kelamin;<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Dörner | first1 = G. | last2 = Rohde | first2 = W. | last3 = Stahl | first3 = F. | last4 = Krell | first4 = L. | last5 = Masius | first5 = W.-G. | year = 1975 | title = A neuroendocrine predisposition for homosexuality in men | url = | journal = Archives of Sexual Behavior | volume = 4 | issue = 1| pages = 1–8 | doi = 10.1007/BF01541882 | pmid = 165797 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Ellis | first1 = L| last2 = Ames | first2 = MA| year = 1987 | title = Neurohormonal functioning and sexual orientation: A theory of homosexuality-heterosexuality | url = | journal = Psychological Bulletin | volume = 101 | issue = 2| pages = 233–258 | doi = 10.1037/0033-2909.101.2.233 | pmid = 2882536 }}</ref> dan [[stres pra-kelahiran]] pada ibu<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Dörner | first1 = G. | last2 = Geier | first2 = T. | last3 = Ahrens | first3 = L. | last4 = Krell | first4 = L. | last5 = Münx | first5 = G. | last6 = Sieler | first6 = H. | last7 = Kittner | first7 = E. | last8 = Müller | first8 = H. | year = 1980 | title = Prenatal stress as possible aetiogenetic factor of homosexuality in human males | url = | journal = Endokrinologie | volume = 75 | issue = 3| pages = 365–368 | pmid = 7428712 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Dörner | first1 = G. | last2 = Schenk | first2 = B. | last3 = Schmiedel | first3 = B. | last4 = Ahrens | first4 = L. | year = 1983 | title = Stressful events in prenatal life and bi- and homosexual men | url = | journal = Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology | volume = 31 | pages = 83–87 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Ellis | first1 = L. | last2 = Cole-Harding | first2 = S. | year = 2001 | title = The effects of prenatal stress, and of prenatal alcohol and nicotine exposure, on human sexual orientation | url = | journal = Physiology and Behavior | volume = 74 | issue = 1–2| pages = 213–226 | doi = 10.1016/S0031-9384(01)00564-9 | pmid = 11564471 }}</ref>).

 

[[Sigmund Freud]] believed that every human being is bisexual in a very broad sense of the term, that of incorporating general aspects of both sexes. In his view, this was true anatomically and therefore also psychologically, with sexual attraction to both sexes being one part of this psychological bisexuality. Freud believed that in the course of sexual development the masculine side would normally become dominant in men and the feminine side in women, but that as adults everyone still has desires derived from both the masculine and the feminine sides of their natures. Freud did not claim that everyone is bisexual in the sense of feeling the same level of sexual attraction to both genders. Freud's belief in innate bisexuality was rejected by [[Sandor Rado|Sándor Radó]] and, following Rado, by many later psychoanalysts.<ref>{{Cite book|author=Ruse, Michael |authorlink=Michael Ruse |title=Homosexuality: A Philosophical Inquiry |publisher=Basil Blackwell |location=Oxford |year=1988 |isbn=0 631 15275 X |pages=22, 25, 45}}</ref>