Pavo: Perbedaan antara revisi

[[:en:Delta Pavonids|Delta Pavonids]]

| bordering = [[Octans]]{{br}}[[Apus]]{{br}}[[Triangulum Australe]]{{br}}[[Ara (rasi bintang)|Ara]]{{br}}[[:en:Telescopium|Telescopium]]{{br}}[[Indus (rasi bintang)|Indus]]

| [[:en:Beta Pavonis|β Pav]] || ||孔雀七||[[China]]||bintang ketujuh pada rasi [[Daftar asterisme di Langit Selatan#Burung Merak|Burung Merak]]<ref name=sb0>salah satu rasi bintang menurut bangsa Cina</ref>

| [[:en:Delta Pavonis|δ Pav]] || dekat dengan [[Bumi]], bintang yang mirip [[Matahari]]||孔雀六 ||[[China]]||bintang keenam pada rasi [[Daftar asterisme di Langit Selatan#Burung Merak|Burung Merak]]

| [[:en:Eta Pavonis|η Pav]] || ||孔雀一||[[China]]||bintang pertama pada rasi [[Daftar asterisme di Langit Selatan#Burung Merak|Burung Merak]]

| [[:en:Epsilon Pavonis|ε Pav]] || ||孔雀九 ||[[China]]||bintang kesembilan pada rasi [[Daftar asterisme di Langit Selatan#Burung Merak|Burung Merak]]

Pavo berbatasan dengan [[:en:Telescopium|Telescopium]] di sebelah utara, [[Apus]] dan Ara di sebelah barat, [[Octans]] di sebelah selatan, dan [[Indus (rasi bintang)|Indus]] di sebelah timur dan timur laut. Membentang seluas 378 derajat persegi, masuk urutan ke-44 dalam 88 [[rasi bintang modern]] modern dari segi ukuran dan meliputi 0,916% luas langit pada malam hari.<ref name=bagnall>{{cite book |last=Bagnall |first=Philip M. |title=The Star Atlas Companion: What You Need to Know about the Constellations |publisher=Springer |location=New York, New York |date=2012 |isbn=1-4614-0830-X |page=338|url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=KcIg02TKW6QC&pg=PA338&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false}}</ref> Singkatan tiga huruf rasi bintang ini mulai dipakai oleh [[International Astronomical Union]] pada tahun 1922, yaitu "Pav".<ref name="pa30_469">{{cite journal | last=Russell | first=Henry Norris |author-link=Henry Norris Russell | title=The New International Symbols for the Constellations | journal=Popular Astronomy | volume=30 | page=469 | bibcode=1922PA.....30..469R | date=1922 }}</ref> Batas rasi bintang secara resmi ditetapkan oleh [[:en:Eugène Joseph Delporte|Eugène Delporte]] pada tahun 1930, didefinisikan dalam bentuk suatu poligon yang terdiri dari 10 segmen. Dalam [[sistem koordinat ekuatorial]], koordinat [[right ascension]] batas-batas ini terletak antara {{RA|18|10.4}} dan {{RA|21|32.4}}, sedangkan koordinat [[declination]] terletak antara −56.59° dan −74.98°.<ref name="boundary">{{Cite journal | title=Pavo, constellation boundary | work=The Constellations | publisher=International Astronomical Union | url=http://www.iau.org/public/constellations/#pav | accessdate=23 August 2013 }}</ref> Sebagai salah satu rasi bintang selatan dalam, rasi bintang ini selalu berada di bawah horizon pada latitude utara dari paralel 30 derajat di [[belahan utara]], dan ''circumpolar'' pada latitude selatan dari paralel 50 derajat pada [[belahan selatan]].<ref name="motz">{{cite book|last=Motz|first=Lloyd|author2=Nathanson, Carol|title=The Constellations: An Enthusiast's Guide to the Night Sky|publisher=Aurum Press|location=London, United Kingdom|date=1991|pages=385, 388–89|isbn=978-1-85410-088-7}}</ref> Sejumlah bintang dalam rasi ini membentuk suatu [[:en:Asterism (astronomy)|asterisme]] yang dikenal sebagai "''the Saucepan''" ("panci saus") di [[Australia]] bilamana digunakan untuk navigasi, karena menunjuk ke arah kutub selatan selestial.<ref>{{cite web | title = Pavo |url= http://www.topastronomer.com/StarCharts/Constellations/Pavo.php | accessdate=19 November 2013|work=Top Astronomer|location=Byfleet, United Kingdom}}</ref>

Pavo contains several variable stars of note. [[LambdaKappa Pavonis]] ismerupakan asuatu bright [[irregular variable]] ranging between magnitudes 3.4 and 4.4; this variation can be observed with the unaided eye. Classed as a Gamma Cassiopeiae variable or [[shell star]],<ref name="inglis">{{cite book |last=Inglis |first=Mike |title=Astronomy of the Milky Way: Observer's Guide to the Southern Sky |publisher=Springer |location=New York, New York |date=2004 |pages=153–54 |isbn=978-1-85233-742-1|url=http://books.google.com/?id=1r0qvMjSCGAC&pg=SA3-PA31&dq=Circinus+inglis#v=onepage&q&f=false}}</ref> it is of spectral type B2II-IIIe and lies around 1430 light years distant from Earth.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=lambda+pavonis&NbIdent=1&Radius=2&Radius.unit=arcmin&submit=submit+id |title = Lambda Pavonis – Be Star |work = SIMBAD Astronomical Database|publisher=Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg |accessdate = 24 August 2013}}</ref> [[Kappa Pavonis]] is abintang [[W Virginis variable]]—a subclass of [[Type II Cepheid]].<ref name="inglis" /><!-- It ranges from magnitude 3.91 to 4.78 over 9 days and is a yellow-white [[supergiant]] pulsating between spectral classes F5I-II and G5I-II.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.aavso.org/vsx/index.php?view=detail.top&oid=25119 |title = Kappa Pavonis |publisher = AAVSO |work = International Variable Star Index |date = 7 January 2011 |accessdate = 24 August 2013}}</ref> [[NU Pavonis|NU]] and [[V Pavonis]] are pulsating [[Semiregular variable star|semiregular variable]] [[red giant]] stars. NU has a spectral type M6III and ranges from magnitude 4.9 to 5.3,<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.aavso.org/vsx/index.php?view=detail.top&oid=25016 |title = NU Pavonis |publisher = AAVSO |work = International Variable Star Index |date = 7 January 2011 |accessdate = 24 August 2013}}</ref> while V Pavonis ranges from magnitude 6.3 to 8.2 over two periods of 225.4 and 3735 days concurrently.<ref name="inglis" /> V is a [[carbon star]]<ref name="gray_corbally" group="note">C6 is equivalent to a class M2–M3 star, the 4 shows the strength of the [[Swan bands]] on a scale of 1 (weak) to 5 (strong), and the Nb indicates bands of the chemical element [[niobium]]. See:<br>{{cite book | author=Gray, Richard O.; Corbally, Christopher J. | title=Stellar Spectral Classification | date=2009 | publisher=Princeton University Press |location=Princeton, New Jersey | page=309 | isbn=978-0-691-12511-4 }}</ref> of spectral type C6,4(Nb)<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.aavso.org/vsx/index.php?view=detail.top&oid=24725 |title = V Pavonis |publisher = AAVSO |work = International Variable Star Index |date = 7 January 2011 |accessdate = 24 August 2013}}</ref> with a prominent red hue.<ref name="inglis" />

Located in the west of the constellation and depicting the peacock's tail are [[Eta Pavonis|Eta]] anddan [[Xi Pavonis]] terletak di bagian barat rasi bintang dan menggambarkan ekor burung merak.<ref name="streicher">{{cite web | last = Streicher | first = Magda | date = October 2010 | title = Pavo—A Fanciful Bird | publisher = The Astronomical Society of Southern Africa | work = Deepsky Delights | url =http://assa.saao.ac.za/sections/deepsky/delights/2010_oct_deepsky_delights.pdf | accessdate = 26 August 2013 }}</ref><!-- At apparent magnitude 3.6, Eta is a luminous orange giant of spectral type K2II some 350 light years distant from Earth.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=Eta+Pavonis&submit=SIMBAD+search |title = Eta Pavonis |work = SIMBAD Astronomical Database|publisher=Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg |accessdate = 26 August 2013}}</ref> Xi Pavonis is a multiple star system visible in small telescopes as a brighter orange star and fainter white companion.<ref name="inglis" /> Located around 470 light years from Earth, the system has a magnitude of 4.38.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=Xi+Pavonis&submit=SIMBAD+search |title = Xi Pavonis |work = SIMBAD Astronomical Database|publisher=Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg |accessdate = 25 August 2013}}</ref> [[AR Pavonis]] is a faint but well-studied [[Binary star#Eclipsing binaries|eclipsing binary]] composed of a red giant and smaller hotter star some 18000 light years from Earth. It has some features of a [[cataclysmic variable]], the smaller component most likely having an [[accretion disc]].<ref>{{cite journal|author=Skopal, A.; Djurašević, G.; Jones, A.; Drechsel, H.; Rovithis-Livaniou, H.; Rovithis, P|date=2000|title=A Photometric Study of the Eclipsing Symbiotic Binary AR Pavonis|journal=[[Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society]]|volume=311|issue=2|pages=225–33|url=http://mnras.oxfordjournals.org/content/311/2/225.full.pdf|doi=10.1046/j.1365-8711.2000.03040.x|bibcode = 2000MNRAS.311..225S }}</ref> The visual magnitude ranges from 7.4 to 13.6 over 605 days.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.aavso.org/vsx/index.php?view=detail.top&oid=24791 |title = AR Pavonis |publisher = AAVSO |work = International Variable Star Index |date = 4 January 2010 |accessdate = 25 August 2013}}</ref>

"Obyek angkasa dalam" ([[:en:deep-sky object|''deep-sky object'']]) dalam Pavo meliputi [[NGC 6752]], [[:en:globular cluster|globular cluster]] paling terang ketiga di langit, setelah [[:en:47 Tucanae|47 Tucanae]] dan [[:en:Omega Centauri|Omega Centauri]]. Diperkirakan berdiameter 100 [[tahun cahaya]] dan terdiri dari 100.000 bintang.<ref name="APODNASA">{{cite web|url=http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap130705.html|title=Globular Star Cluster NGC 6752 |last=Nemiroff, Robert; Bonnell, Jerry|date=5 July 2013|work=Astronomy Picture of the Day|publisher=NASA|accessdate=23 August 2013}}</ref><!-- cites previous two sentences --> Di sebelah selatannya, sekitar tiga derajat, terletak [[:en:NGC 6744|NGC 6744]],<ref name="motz" /> suatu [[:en:spiral galaxy|galaksi spiral]] yang jauhnya sekitar 30 juta tahun cahaya dari bumi dan mirip dengan [[Galaksi Bima Sakti]], tetapi diameternya dua kali lebih besar.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eso.org/public/news/eso1118/|title=A Postcard from Extragalactic Space? A spiral galaxy that resembles our Milky Way|last=Hook|first=Richard |date=1 June 2011|work=European Southern Observatory|publisher=ESO Images and Downloads|accessdate=23 August 2013}}</ref> [[:en:Type Ib and Ic supernovae|Supernova tipe 1c]] ditemukan dalam galaksi ini pada tahun 2005;<ref name="mobberley">{{cite book |title=The Caldwell Objects And How to Observe Them |first=Martin |last=Mobberley |authorlink=Martin Mobberley |pages=208–09|url=http://books.google.com.au/books?id=amPrWoOWgHcC&pg=PA208&dq=supernova+pavo&hl=en&sa=X&ei=onEZUpTLIYnoiAf72IHwDQ&ved=0CEoQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=supernova%20pavo&f=false|publisher=Springer |location=New York, New York |date=1999 |isbn=978-1-4419-0326-6}}</ref> dikenal sebagai "SN2005at", memuncak pada magnitude 16,8.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rochesterastronomy.org/sn2005/|title=Bright Supernovae - 2005|last=Bishop|first=David|date=10 September 2013|work=Astronomy Section|publisher=Rochester Academy of Science|accessdate=22 September 2013|location=Rush, New York}}</ref> Galaksi kerdil [[:en:IC 4662|IC 4662]] terletak 10 [[:en:Minute of arc|arcminute]] sebelah timur laut Eta Pavonis,<ref name="inglis" /> dengan magnitude 11,62.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=IC+4662 |title =IC 4662 – Blue compact Galaxy |work = SIMBAD Astronomical Database|publisher=Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg |accessdate = 24 August 2013}}</ref> Terletak hanya 8 juta tahun cahaya jauhnya, galaksi ini mempunyai beberapa region [[:en:Starburst region|pembentukan bintang yang tinggi]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/opo0919d/|title=Hubble ACS image of IC 4662|last=McQuinn|first=K. |date=30 April 2009|work=Hubble website|publisher=European Space Agency (ESA) |accessdate=24 August 2013}}</ref> Suatu galaksi dengan magnitude ke-14[[:en:IC 4965|IC 4965]] terletak 1,7 derajat di sebelah barat Alpha Pavonis, dan merupakan anggota sentral [[:en:Shapley Supercluster|Supercluster Shapley]].<ref name="streicher" />

File:Johan Doppelmayr's celestial chart of Pavo and Indus.jpg|Rasi bintang Pavo dan [[Indus (rasi bintang)|Indus]] ditampilkan dalam peta belahan langit selatan oleh [[:en:Johann Gabriel Doppelmayr|Johann Gabriel Doppelmayr]] dalam karyanya "Atlas Coelestis", sekitar tahun 1742.

File:Johann Bayer - Uraniometria - Southern Birds.jpg|Pavo (kanan atas), dengan rasi bintang "burung-burung" lain di belahan langit selatan; penampilan pertama dalam suatu peta bintang, ''[[:en:Uranometria|Uranometria]]'' karya [[Johann Bayer]].