Kemiskinan: Perbedaan antara revisi

Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
Roscoe x (bicara | kontrib)
Roscoe x (bicara | kontrib)
terjemahan dari wikipedia inggris, beberapa sub bagian
Baris 24:
Perdebatan yang berhubungan dalam keadaan [[capital manusia]] dan [[capital individual]] seseorang cenderung untuk memfokuskan kepada akses [[capital instructional]] dan [[capital social]] yang tersedia hanya bagi mereka yang terdidik dalam sistem formal.
 
<!--
==World poverty==
The Copenhagen Declaration describes absolute poverty as "a condition characterised by severe deprivation of basic human needs, including food, safe drinking water, sanitation facilities, health, shelter, education and information." The [[World Bank]] identifies "extreme poverty" as being people who live on less than [[United States dollar|USD]] $1 a day, and "poverty" as less than $2 a day. On that standard, 21% of the world's population was in extreme poverty, and more than half the world's population were poor in 2001. [http://www.developmentgoals.org/Poverty.htm#percapita]
 
== Kemiskinan dunia ==
[http://www.borgenproject.org/ The Borgen Project] points out that while U.S. leaders give $230 billion a year to military contractors, only $19 billion a year is needed to achieve the [http://www.borgenproject.org/Ending_poverty.html U.N. Millennium Development goal] of ending severe poverty by 2025.
Deklarasi Copenhagen menjelaskan kemiskinan absolut sebagai "sebuah kondisi yang dicirikan dengan kekurangan parah kebutuhan dasar manusia, termasuk [[makanan]], [[air minum]] yang aman, fasilitas [[sanitasi]], kesehatan, rumah, pendidikan, dan informasi."
 
[[Bank Dunia]] menggambarkan "sangat miskin" sebagai orang yang hidup dengan pendapatan kurang dari [[Dolar AS|AS$]]1 per hari, dan "miskin" dengan pendapatan kurang dari AS$ 2 per hari. Berdasarkan standar tersebut, 21% dari penduduk dunia berada dalam keadaan "sangat miskin", dan lebih dari setengah penduduk dunia masih disebut "miskin", pada 2001. [http://www.developmentgoals.org/Poverty.htm#percapita]
 
[http://www.borgenproject.org/ Proyek Borgen] menunjuk pemimpin Amerika memberikan AS$230 milyar per tahun kepada kontraktor militer, dan hanya AS$19 milyar yang dibutuhkan untuk mencapai [http://www.borgenproject.org/Ending_poverty.html tujuan Perkembangan Milenium PBB] untuk mengakhiri kemiskinan parah sebelum 2025.
 
<!--
Poverty may be seen as the collective condition of poor people, or of poor groups, and in this sense entire [[nation|nation-states]] are sometimes regarded as poor. To avoid stigma these are usually called [[developing nation]]s, but this too is considered [[derogatory]] by some.
 
Maps of world poverty can be found at [http://www.povertymap.net/ povertymap.net]. There is evidence of poverty in every region. In developed countries, this condition results in wandering [[homelessness|homeless]] people and poor suburbs (with so-called [[bidonville]]s or [[favela]]s) in which poor people are&mdash;more or less&mdash;restricted to a [[ghetto]]. See [[List of countries by poverty]].
-->
 
== Penyebab kemiskinan ==
==Causes of poverty==
Kemiskinan banyak dihubungkan dengan:
Poverty has been attributed to:
* penyebab individual, oratau "pathological" causes, whichyang seemelihat povertykemiskinan assebagai theakibat resultdari of the behaviourperilaku, choicespilihan, oratau abilitieskemampuan ofdari thesi poormiskin;
* penyebab keluarga, yang menghubungkan kemiskinan dengan pendidikan keluarga;
*familial causes, which attribute poverty to upbringing;
* penyebab sub-budaya ("subcultural"), yang menghubungkan kemiskinan dengan kehidupan sehari-hari, dipelajari atau dijalankan dalam lingkungan sekitar;
*subcultural causes, which attribute poverty to common patterns of life, learned or shared within a community;
* penyebab agensi, yang melihat kemiskinan sebagai akibat dari aksi orang lain, termasuk perang, pemerintah, dan ekonomi;
*agency causes, which see poverty as the result of the actions of others, including war, government and the economy;
* penyebab struktural, yang memberikan alasan bahwa kemiskinan merupakan hasil dari struktur sosial.
*structural causes, which argue that poverty is the result of the social structure.
 
<!--
Although it is widely thought that poverty and unemployment are a result of laziness, the [[United States]] for instance (per capita the wealthiest nation in the world) has millions of what are termed the [[working poor]]; that is, persons not on [[welfare]] or immediate public assistance plans, yet who fail to rise above the [[poverty line]]. If there is a silver lining to poverty in the [[United States]] it is that only 3 percent of the poor remain in the poorest quintile for more than 8 years. [[Upward mobility]] is the normal trend.