Guatemala: Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
terjemahan dari wikipedia inggris, paragraf perkenalan |
terjemahan dari wikipedia inggris, beberapa sub-bagian |
||
Baris 30:
<tr><td>[[Kode Negara]]</td><td>502</td></tr>
</table>
==Geografi==▼
Terletak paling utara di antara negara-negara Amerika Tengah. Luas daratannya sedikit lebih kecil dari Provinsi KalBar ini, bertetangga dengan [[Meksiko]] di utara, barat dan timur, [[Belize]], Honduras, dan [[El Salvador]] di timur. ▼
==Sejarah==
Guatemala pernah menjadi terkenal ketika gempa bumi maha dahsyat memporakporandakan negara itu pada 4 Februari 1976. Melukai 74.000 jiwa, dan membinasakan 22.000 jiwa manusia.
== Politik ==
{{utama|Politik Guatemala}}
Parlemen [[unicameral]] Guatemala, [[Kongres Guatemala|Congreso de la República]]''(Congress of the Republic) dengan 158 kursi, dipilih setiap 4 tahun, bersamaan dengan pemilihan presiden. [[Presiden Guatemala]] berlaku sebagai kepala negara dan kepala pemerintahan. Dalam tugas [[eksekutif]]nya, dia dibantu oleh kabinet menteri, yang dia tunjuk.
== Departemen ==
{{utama|Departemen Guatemala}}
[[Image:GuatemalaProvs.PNG|right|250px|thumb|''Departemen Guatemala'']]
Guatemala dibagi menjadi 22 [[departemen]] (''departamentos''):
#[[Alta Verapaz]]
#[[Baja Verapaz]]
#[[Chimaltenango department|Chimaltenango]]
#[[Chiquimula department|Chiquimula]]
#[[El Petén]]
#[[El Progreso department|El Progreso]]
#[[El Quiché]]
#[[Escuintla department|Escuintla]]
#[[Guatemala department|Guatemala]]
#[[Huehuetenango department|Huehuetenango]]
#[[Izabal]]
#[[Jalapa department|Jalapa]]
#[[Jutiapa department|Jutiapa]]
#[[Quetzaltenango department|Quetzaltenango]]
#[[Retalhuleu department|Retalhuleu]]
#[[Sacatepéquez]]
#[[San Marcos department|San Marcos]]
#[[Santa Rosa department, Guatemala|Santa Rosa]]
#[[Sololá department|Sololá]]
#[[Suchitepequez department|Suchitepequez]]
#[[Totonicapán department|Totonicapán]]
#[[Zacapa department|Zacapa]]
== Ekonomi ==
{{utama|Ekonomi Guatemala}}
Sektor [[pertanian]] membentuk seperempat dari [[PDB]]nya, dua per tiga ekspor, dan setengah dari tenaga kerja. [[Kopi]], [[gula]], dan [[pisang]] adalah produk utama. Produksi dan konstruksi membentuk seperlima PDB.
Penandatanganan perjanjian perdamaian pada Desember [[1996]], yang mengakhiri 36 tahun [[perang saudara]], menyingkirkan rintangan utama bagi investasi asing. Pada 1998, [[Hurikan Mitch]] menyebabkan sedikit kerusakan bagi Guatemala dibanding dengan negara tetangganya.
Tantangan yang masih perlu dihadapi adalah meningkatkan pendapatan pemerintah, meningkatkan bantuan dari donor internasional, dan meningkatkan efisiensi dan keterbukaan baik pemerintah dan operasi pribadi sektor finansial.
<!--
== Demografi ==
{{utama|Demografi Guatemala}}
According to the CIA World Fact Book, Mestizos (mixed Amerindian-Spanish; locally called Ladino) and Europeans comprise 59.4% of the population and Amerindians comprise 40.5% of the population (K'iche 9.1%, Kaqchikel 8.4%, Mam 7.9%, Q'eqchi 6.3%, other Mayan 8.6%, indigenous non-Mayan 0.2%, other 0.1%).
CIA World Fact Book - http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/gt.html
Though most of Guatemala's population is rural, urbanization is accelerating. Guatemala city is expanding at an amazing rate, and Quetzaltenango is growing rapidly as well. Generally impoverished farmers move to the outskirts of the city temporarily or permanently seeking higher wages. These barrios are virtually lawless. In addition, since 2001 the US has been deporting at a high rate. Many Guatemalans return from Southern California with advanced skills in organized crime. Crime is epidemic in Guatemala City and is a growing concern in Xela and other smaller cities.
Smaller towns which are blessed with steady tourism, such as the towns around Lago Atitlan, are faring better. There is a measure of increasing prosperity and decreasing interference from the army. A lot of building is going on. It remains to be seen how well these places can adapt to the changes conditions, particularly the influx of foreigners and their vices.
The predominant religion is [[Roman Catholicism]], into which many indigenous Guatemalans have incorporated traditional forms of worship. [[Protestant]]ism and traditional Maya religions are practiced by an estimated 40% and 1% of the population, respectively.
Although the official language is [[Spanish language|Spanish]], it is not universally understood among the indigenous population; various [[Mayan language]]s are still spoken, especially in rural areas. This is less true among the younger generation because the parents are doing everything possible to teach their children spanish. There are still many more remote rural areas where opportuninities to learn spanish are limited.
The Peace Accords signed in December [[1996]] provide for the translation of some official documents and voting materials into several indigenous languages (see summary of main substantive accords).
== Culture ==
''Main article: [[Culture of Guatemala]]''
Influences of the Maya and the Spanish colonists are string throughout Guatemala. Much of the [[clothing]] and [[food]] is still made in the traditional Maya way, and many Maya ruins can be found. Along the [[Caribbean]] coast, there are influences of [[Africa]]n culture in the religious ceremonial songs, dances and food. The language and culture of the Caribbean coast of Guatemala is called ''Garifuna'' and has many characteristics of other Caribbean island cultures.
''See also:'' [[Music of Guatemala]]
-->
▲==Geografi==
[[Image:Gt-map.jpg|framed|Map Guatemala]]
{{utama|Geografi Guatemala}}
▲Terletak paling utara di antara negara-negara Amerika Tengah. Luas daratannya sedikit lebih kecil dari Provinsi KalBar ini, bertetangga dengan [[Meksiko]] di utara, barat dan timur, [[Belize]], Honduras, dan [[El Salvador]] di timur.
Kecuali daerah pesisir selatan dan dataran rendah Petern yang luas di utara, daerah Guatemala kebanyakan bergunung, dengan iklim tropis panas -- lebih ramah di dataran tinggi, dan lebih kering di departemen paling timur. Seluruh kota besar terletak di setengah bagian selatan dari negara tersebut; kota besarnya adalah ibu kota [[Kota Guatemala]], [[Quetzaltenango]] dan [[Escuintla]].
Danau besar [[Lago de Izabal]] terletak di dekat pesisir Karibia.
==Lihat pula:==
* [[Daftar Negara-Negara di Dunia]]
==Pranala Luar==
* http://www.lonelyplanet.com.au/dest/cam/gua.htm
Baris 41 ⟶ 120:
{{OAS}}
{{NAM}}
{{
[[ar:غواتيمالا]]
| |||