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Agama di Australia

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Revisi sejak 8 Oktober 2018 06.13 oleh AABot (bicara | kontrib) (Bot: Perubahan kosmetika)


Agama di Australia beragam. Konstitusi Australia tahun 1901 melarang pemerintahan Persemakmuran mendirikan sebuah gereja atau mengganggu kebebasan beragama;[note 1] namun, populasi Australia umumnya beragama Kristen. Dalam sebuah pertanyaan opsional pada Sensus 2011, 61.1% populasi Australia mendeklarasikan diri berasal dari berbagai aliran Kekristenan. Dalam sejarah, persentasenya jauh lebih tinggi dan lanskap keagamaan di Australia berubah-ubah dan beragam.[2] Selain itu pada 2011, 22.3% dari populasi Australia menyatakan diri "tak beragama" dan 8.6% memilih tidak menjawab pertanyaan tersebut.[2] Sisa populasinya merupakan kelompok yang beragam yang meliputi Buddha (2.5%), Muslim (2.2%), Hindu (1.3%) dan Yahudi (0.5%).[2].

Agama di Australia sesuai yang dideklarasikan dalam sensus (2016)[1]

  Katolik (22.6%)
  Gereja Anglikan (13.3%)
  Gereja Ortodoks (2.1%)
  Uniting Church (3.7%)
  Presbiterian dan Reformed (2.3%)
  Gereja Pentakosta (1.1%)
  Kristen Lainnya (7.5%)
  Buddha (2.4%)
  Islam (2.6%)
  Hindu (1.9%)
  Agama lainnya (0.4%)
  Tak beragama (30.1%)
  Tidak menyatakan atau tidak jelas (10%)

Kekristenan di Australia

Kekristenan di Australia selalu mengalami perubahan setiap tahunnya. Dari data sensus penduduk Australia tahun 2006 ke tahun 2011, tren perkembangan agama Kristen cenderung menurun. Tahun 2006, penduduk yang mengidentifikasikan dirinya sebagai Kristen adalah 63.9%, tetapi di tahun 2011 turun menjadi 61.1%[3]. Dan Sensus terbaru tahun 2016 yang dipublikasikan pada tanggal 27 Juni 2017, penganut agama Kristen turun drastis ke 52.1%[4]


Gereja Jumlah
Jemaat 		2016
(%) 		Jumlah
Jemaat 		2011
(%) 		Jumlah
Jemaat 		2006
(%) 		Perubahan
Katolik Roma 5.291.800 22.6 5.397.181 25.1 5.079.505 25.6 + 317.676
Anglikan 3.101.200 13.3 3.679.688 17.1 3.711.384 18.7 - 31.696
Uniting Church 870.200 3.7 1.065.749 5.0 1.133.679 5.7 - 67.930
Presbiterian dan Reformed 526.700 2.3 599.489 2.8 595.510 3.0 + 3.979
Kristen Independen 470.898 2.2 312.211 1.6 + 158.687
Ortodoks Yunani Masuk ke Kristen Lainnya 383.390 1.8 374.321 1.9 + 9.069
Gereja Baptis 345.100 1.5 352.482 1.6 316.150 1.6 + 36.332
Lutheran 174.00 0.7 251.928 1.2 250.660 1.3 + 1.268
Pentakosta 260.600 1.1 237.991 1.1 219.266 1.1 + 18.726
Saksi Yahova 0.4 82.5 85.637 0.4 80.732 0.4 + 4.905
Ortodoks Timur Masuk ke Kristen Lainnya 63.546 0.3 61.506 0.3 +2.040
Advent 62.900 0.3 62.995 0.3 55.125 0.3 +7.870
Protestan Lainnya 60.220 0.3 55.978 0.3 +4.242
Bala Keselamatan 48.90 0.2 60.160 0.3 64.065 0.3 - 3.905
Mormon Masuk ke Kristen Lainnya 59.767 0.3 52.954 0.3 + 6.813
Ortodoks Makedonia Masuk ke Kristen Lainnya 52.056 0.2 48.057 0.2 + 3.999
Churches of Christ 39.60 0.2 49.689 0.2 54.724 0.3 - 5.035
Ortodoks Serbia Masuk ke Kristen Lainnya 41.835 0.2 39.940 0.2 + 1.895
Maronite Masuk ke Kristen Lainnya 30.660 0.1 29.060 0.1 + 1.600
Koptik Masuk ke Kristen Lainnya 24.695 0.1 19.910 0.1 + 4.785
Ortodoks Rusia Masuk ke Kristen Lainnya 22.251 0.1 19.945 0.1 + 2.306
Kristen Lainnya 833.500 3.6 27.019 0.1 23.827 0.1 + 3.192
Brethren Masuk ke Kristen Lainnya 21.733 0.1 24.209 0.1 - 2.476
TOTAL 12.201.600 52.1 13.150.078 61.1 12.664.574 63.9 + 485.531
Non Kristen
Atheisme 7.040.700 30.1 4.796.432 22.3 3.695.707 18.7 + 1.100.725
Tanpa Berafiliasi 2.345.500 10 1.838.740 8.6 2.216.636 11.2 - 377.896
Buddha 563.700 2.4 528.621 2.5 417.944 2.1 + 110.677
Islam 604.200 2.6 475.562 2.2 339.879 1.7 + 135.683
Hindu 440.300 1.9 275.521 1.3 147.841 0.7 + 127.680
Yahudi 91.000 0.4 97.332 0.5 88.695 0.4 + 8.637
Sikh 125.900 0.5 72.296 0.3 26.396 0.1 + 45.900
Lainnya 95.700 0.4 24.404 0.1 19.884 0.1 + 4.520
TOTAL 23.401.400 100 21.504.689 100 19.812.999 100 + 1.691.690


Agama Berdasarkan Wilayah di Australia (2011)[5]

Agama berdasarkan wilayah di Australia adalah hasil sensus tahun 2011[6]. Data dari tahun 2006 ke tahun 2011 mengalami perubahan yang cukup signifikan.

Wilayah Jumlah
Penduduk 		Kristen
 % 		Atheisme
 % 		Tanpa Berafiliasi
 % 		Buddha
 % 		Islam
 % 		Hindu
 % 		Yahudi
 % 		Sikh
 % 		Lainnya
 % 		Total
New South Wales 6.917.615 64.5 17.9 7.7 2.9 3.2 1.7 0.6 0.3 0.2 100%
Viktoria 5.354.031 57.5 24.0 8.3 3.1 2.9 1.6 0.8 0.5 0.1 100%
Queensland 4.332.747 64.3 22.1 9.1 1.5 0.8 0.7 0.1 0.2 - 100%
South Australia 1.596.588 57.3 28.1 8.9 1.8 1.2 0.9 - 0.3 0.1 100%
Western Australia 2.239.190 58.1 25.5 9.7 2.1 1.7 0.9 0.3 0.2 0.2
Baha'i 0.1 		100%
Tasmania 495.354 59.6 28.6 9.0 0.7 0.3 0.3 - - Paganisme 0.1 100%
Northern Territory 211.966 55.5 23.9 14.5 1.7 0.8 0.8 - 0.1 Folk Aborigin 1.3
Lainnya 0.1 		100%
Australian Capital Territory 357.198 55.2 28.9 7.6 2.6 2.1 1.3 0.2 0.3 Paganisme 0.1 100%
Total 21.504.689 61.1 22.3 8.6 2.5 2.2 1.3 0.5 0.3 0.1 100%


Agama di beberapa kota besar di Australia

Agama di beberapa kota besar di Australia menunjukkan keberagaman keyakinan khususnya di kota-kota besar di Australia berdasarkan Sensus 2011 Dan 2016

2011

Wilayah Jumlah
Penduduk 		Kristen
 % 		Atheisme
 % 		Tanpa Berafiliasi
 % 		Buddha
 % 		Islam
 % 		Hindu
 % 		Yahudi
 % 		Sikh
 % 		Lainnya
 % 		Total
Sydney 4.391.634 60.9 17.6 7.6 4.1 4.7 2.6 0.9 0.4 0.2 100%
Melbourne 3.999.958 55.5 23.5 8.1 4.0 3.6 2.0 1.1 0.7 0.1 100%
Brisbane 2.066.003 62.8 22.8 8.3 2.0 1.2 1.0 0.1 0.3 - 100%

Catatan

  1. ^ Section 116 states that "The Commonwealth shall not make any law for establishing any religion, or for imposing any religious observance, or for prohibiting the free exercise of any religion, and no religious test shall be required as a qualification for any office or public trust under the Commonwealth."

Referensi

  1. ^ "Cencus of Population and Housing: Reflecting Australia - Stories of the Cencus, 2016"
  2. ^ a b c Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama abs
  3. ^ http://profile.id.com.au/australia/religion
  4. ^ "Census of Population and Housing: Reflecting Australia - Stories from the Cencus, 2016
  5. ^ http://profile.id.com.au/australia/religion
  6. ^ http://profile.id.com.au/australia/religion

Bacaan tambahan

  • Berndt, R. M., Australian Aboriginal Religion, E. J. Brill, Leiden, 1974 ISBN 90-04-03861-2
  • Bouma, Gary, ed. Many Religions All Australian: Religious Settlement, Identity and Cultural Diversity. Melbourne: Christian Research Association, 1997. ISBN 1-875223-14-2
  • Carey, Hilary M. Believing in Australia. Sydney: Allen & Unwin, 1992. ISBN 1-86373-950-5
  • Eliade, M., Australian Religions: An Introduction, Oxford University Press, London, 1973 ISBN 0-8014-0729-X
  • Hilliard, David. "Popular Religion in Australia in the 1950s: A Study of Adelaide and Brisbane." Journal of religious history 15.2 (1988): 219–235.
  • Hilliard, David. "The religious crisis of the 1960s: the experience of the Australian churches." Journal of religious history 21.2 (1997): 209–227.
  • Hunt, A. D "For God, King, and country": A study of the attitudes of the Methodist and Catholic press in South Australia (1979)
  • Jupp, James, ed., The Encyclopedia of Religion in Australia, Melbourne: Cambridge University Press, 2009. ISBN 978-0-521-86407-7
  • Lovat, Terence New Studies in Religion. Social Science Press pg 148 (2002)
  • O'Brien, Anne. God's Willing Workers: Women and Religion in Australia (University of New South Wales Press, 2005)
  • O'Brien, Anne. "Historical overview spirituality and work Sydney women, 1920–1960." Australian Historical Studies 33.120 (2002): 373–388.
  • Thompson, Roger C. Religion in Australia: A history (Melbourne: Oxford University Press, 1994), a standard scholarly survey

Anglikan

  • B. Kaye, ed., Anglicanism in Australia: a History (Melbourne: Melbourne University Press, 2002)
  • T. Frame, A Church for the Nation: a History of the Anglican Diocese of Canberra and Goulburn (Sydney: Hale & Iremonger, 2000).
  • D. Hilliard, Godliness and Good Order: A History of the Anglican Church in South Australia (Adelaide: Wakefield Press, 1986)
  • S. Judd and K. J. Cable, Sydney Anglicans: A History of the Diocese (Sydney: Anglican Information Office, 1987)
  • B. Porter, ed., Melbourne Anglicans: The Diocese of Melbourne 1847–1978 (Melbourne: Mitre Books, 1997

Katolik

  • Campion, Edmund. Rockchoppers: Growing Up Catholic in Australia (1983)
  • Dixon, Robert E. The Catholics in Australia (1996)
  • Hamilton, Celia. "Irish-Catholics of New South Wales and the Labor Party, 1890–1910," Historical Studies: Australia & New Zealand (1958) 8(31): 254–267
  • Laffin, Josephine. "'Sailing in Stormy Waters': Archbishop Matthew Beovich and the Catholic Archdiocese of Adelaide in the 1960s." Journal of Religious History 34.3 (2010): 289–311.
  • McGrath, Sophie. "Women Religious in the History of Australia 1888–1950: a Case Study – the Sisters of Mercy Parramatta," Journal of the Royal Australian Historical Society (1995) 81(2): 195–212
  • Murtagh, James G. Australia: The Catholic Chapter (1959)
  • O'Donoghue, Thomas A. Upholding the Faith: The Process of Education in Catholic Schools in Australia, 1922–1965 (2001)
  • O'Farrell, Patrick. The Irish in Australia: 1798 to the Present Day (3rd ed. Cork University Press, 2001)

Protestan

  • Brauer, Alfred. Under the Southern Cross: History of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Australia (Lutheran Publishing House, 1985)
  • Ellis, Julie-Ann. "'Cross-Firing over the Gulf': The Rift between Methodism and the Labour Movement in South Australia in the 1890s" Labour History (1993): 89–102. in JSTOR
  • Hardgrave, Donlad W. For Such a Time: A History of the Wesleyan Methodist Church of Australia (1988)
  • Harrison, John. Baptism of Fire: The first ten years of the Uniting Church in Australia (1986)
  • Hunt, Arnold Dudley. This Side of Heaven: A History of Methodism in South Australia (Lutheran Publishing House, 1985)

Pranala luar

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