Adwaita Wedanta
Advaita Vedanta (IAST Advaita Vedānta; Devanagari अद्वैत वेदान्त; IPA /əd̪vait̪ə veːd̪ɑːnt̪ə/) adalah ajaran yang paling dominan dari kelompok ajaran vedanta, bagian dari filsafat Hindu. kelompok lain dari ajaran vedanta adalah Dvaita dan Vishishtadvaita. Advaita (secara harfiah; nondualisme) umumnya disebut dengan sistem pemikiran monistic.
Artikel ini adalah bagian dari seri |
Ajaran Filsafat |
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Samkhya • Yoga • Mimamsa |
Nyaya • Waisesika • Wedanta |
Aliran Wedanta |
Adwaita • Wisistadwaita |
Dwaita • Suddhadwaita |
Dwaitadwaita • Acintya-bheda-abheda
|
Filsuf |
Abad kuno |
Kapila • Patanjali • Jaimini |
Gotama • Kanada • Byasa |
Abad pertengahan |
Adi Shankara • Ramanuja |
Madhwacarya • Madhusudana |
Wedanta Desika • Jayatirtha |
Abad modern |
Ramakrishna • Ramana |
Vivekananda • Narayana Guru |
Sri Aurobindo • Sivananda
|
Portal agama Hindu |
Kata "Advaita" pada dasarnya merujuk pada Atman dan Brahman. Sastra/kitab yang menjadi pedoman mendasar bagi penganut ajaran Vedanta disebut Prasthanatrayi — yaitu terdiri atas Upanishad, Bhagavad Gita dan Brahma Sutra. Sedangkan orang yang pertama secara eksplisit menyatukan prinsip-prinsip Advaita Vedanta adalah Adi Shankara
Advaita Monism leads to Spiritual suicide
Factually, the devotional service of the Lord is described in the Vedānta-sūtra, but the Māyāvādī philosophers, the Śańkarites, prepared a commentary known as Śārīraka-bhāṣya, in which the transcendental form of the Lord is denied. The Māyāvādī philosophers think that the living entity is identical with the Supreme Soul, Brahman. Their commentaries on the Vedānta-sūtra are completely opposed to the principle of devotional service. Caitanya Mahāprabhu therefore warns us to avoid these commentaries. If one indulges in hearing the Śańkarite Śārīraka-bhāṣya, he will certainly be bereft of all real knowledge. The ambitious Māyāvādī philosophers desire to merge into the existence of the Lord, and this may be accepted as sāyujya-mukti. However, this form of mukti means denying one's individual existence. In other words, it is a kind of spiritual suicide. This is absolutely opposed to the philosophy of bhakti-yoga. Bhakti-yoga offers immortality to the individual conditioned soul. If one follows the Māyāvādī philosophy, he misses his opportunity to become immortal after giving up the material body. The immortality of the individual person is the highest perfectional stage a living entity can attain. vedabase.net
Daftar para Guru
Advaita Vedanta memiliki banyak guru yang tersebar di India maupun seantero jagat raya.
Referensi
- Madhukar, The Simplest Way, Editions India, USA & India 2006, ISBN 81-89658-04-2
- Madhukar, Erwachen in Freiheit, Lüchow Verlag, German, 2.Edition, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-363-03054-1
- Mishra, M., Bhāratīya Darshan (भारतीय दर्शन), Kalā Prakāshan.
- Sinha, H. P., Bharatiya Darshan ki ruparekha (Features of Indian Philosophy), 1993, Motilal Benarasidas, Delhi–Varanasi.
- Swāmi Paramānanda Bhārati, Vedānta Prabodha (in Kannada), Jnānasamvardhini Granthakusuma, 2004
- Madhava Vidyaranya, Sankara-Digvijaya, translated by Swami Tapasyananda, Sri Ramakrishna Math, 2002, ISBN 81-7120-434-1. Purchase online at www.sriramakrishnamath.org
- Karl H. Potter (ed.), Advaita Vedanta up to Sankara and his Pupils: Encyclopedia of Indian Philosophies, vol. 3, Princeton University Press, Princeton, 1981.
- Karl H. Potter, Austin B. Creel and Edwin Gerow, Guide to Indian philosophy, G. K. Hall, Boston, 1988.
- Eliot Deutsch and J. A. B. van Buitenen, A source book of Advaita Vedanta, University Press of Hawaii, Honolulu, 1971.
- Eliot Deutsch, Advaita Vedanta: a philosophical reconstruction, East-West Center Press, Honolulu, 1969
- Raghunath D. Karmarkar, Sankara's Advaita, Karnatak University, Dharwar, 1966.
- S. G. Mudgal, Advaita of Sankara, a reappraisal: Impact of Buddhism and Samkhya on Sankara's thought, Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi,
- A. Ramamurti, Advaitic mysticism of Sankara, Visvabharati, Santiniketan, 1974.
- Kapil N. Tiwari, Dimensions of renunciation in Advaita Vedanta, Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi, 1977.
- Kokileswar Sastri, An introduction to Adwaita philosophy : a critical and systematic exposition of the Sankara school of Vedanta, Bharatiya Publishing House, Varanasi, 1979.
- A. J. Alston, A Samkara source-book, Shanti Sadan, London, 1980-1989.
- Satyapal Verma, Role of Reason in Sankara Vedanta, Parimal Publication, Delhi, 1992.
- Arvind Sharma, The philosophy of religion and Advaita Vedanta : a comparative study in religion and reason, Pennsylvania State University Press, 1995.
- M. K. Venkatarama Aiyar, Advaita Vedanta, according to Sankara, Asia Publishing House, New York, 1965.
- Sangam Lal Pandey, The Advaita view of God, Darshana Peeth, Allahabad, 1989.
- Rewati Raman Pandey, Scientific temper and Advaita Vedanta, Sureshonmesh Prakashan, Varanasi, 1991.
- Adya Prasad Mishra, The development and place of bhakti in Sankaran Vedanta, University of Allahabad, 1967.
- Natalia V. Isaeva, Shankara and Indian philosophy, SUNY, New York, 1993.
- V. Panoli, Upanishads in Sankara's own words : Isa, Kena, Katha, and Mandukya with the Karika of Gaudapada : with English translation, explanatory notes and footnotes, Mathrubhumi, Calicut, 1991-1994.
Pranala luar
Karya-karya Advaita Vedanta
- (Inggris) Karya lengkap Adi Shankara di IIT, Kanpur
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- (Inggris) Situs web Shringeri Sharada Peetham
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Situs web
- (Inggris) Situs Advaita Vedanta
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- (Inggris) Philosophy Foundation - Ajaran Advaita
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- (Inggris) Situs resmi Madhukars - Advaita Master dan Jnana Yogi
- (Inggris) Situs penganut Advaita
- (Inggris) Advaita Online
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- (Inggris) Yogi Ramsuratkumar Arunachala Saint