Rasionalitas

An action, belief, or desire is rational if we ought to choose it.[1] Rationality is a normative concept that refers to the conformity of one's beliefs with one's reasons to believe, or of one's actions with one's reasons for action. However, the term "rationality" tends to be used differently in different disciplines, including specialized discussions of economics, sociology, psychology, evolutionary biology and political science. A rational decision is one that is not just reasoned, but is also optimal for achieving a goal or solving a problem. Determining optimality for rational behavior requires a quantifiable formulation of the problem, and making several key assumptions. When the goal or problem involves making a decision, rationality factors in how much information is available (e.g. complete or incomplete knowledge). Collectively, the formulation and background assumptions are the model within which rationality applies. Illustrating the relativity of rationality: if one accepts a model in which benefitting oneself is optimal, then rationality is equated with behavior that is self-interested to the point of being selfish; whereas if one accepts a model in which benefiting the group is optimal, then purely selfish behavior is deemed irrational. It is thus meaningless to assert rationality without also specifying the background model assumptions describing how the problem is framed and formulated.

Contoh Tindakan rasional

Contoh dari tindakan rasional antara lain seperti:

• Seorang penjahat diadili karena kejahatannya
• Seseorang diberi hadiah karena sudah menolong orang lain
• Seseorang harus menabung agar menjadi orang kaya
• Seseorang tidak mempercayai hal - hal yang belum dilihatnya
• Seseorang akan lebih berhati hati pada malam hari