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Jean Genet

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Jean Genet (bahasa Prancis: [ʒɑ̃ ʒənɛ]; (19 Desember 1910 – 15 April 1986) adalah novelis, dramawan, penyair, eseis, dan aktivis politik berkebangsaan Perancis. Awal kehidupannya adalah seorang pengembara dan pelaku kriminal kecil-kecilan, tetapi kemudian dia memilih menjadi seorang penulis. Karya-karya utamanya antara lain novel Querelle of Brest, The Thief's Journal, and Our Lady of the Flowers, dan naskah drama The Balcony, The Blacks, The Maids and The Screens.[1][2]

Jean Genet
Jean Genet in 1983
Jean Genet in 1983
Lahir(1910-12-19)19 Desember 1910
Paris, France
Meninggal15 April 1986(1986-04-15) (umur 75)
Paris, France
PekerjaanNovelist, dramatist, political activist, poet, philosopher
Aliran sastraTheatre of the Absurd
Karya terkenalOur Lady of the Flowers, The Thief's Journal, The Maids, The Balcony
Tanda tangan

Daftar karya

Novel dan autobiografi

Drama

  • ′adame Miroir (ballet) (1944). In Fragments et autres textes, 1990 (Fragments of the Artwork, 2003)
  • Deathwatch (Haute surveillance) 1944/1949/1949
  • The Maids (Les Bonnes) 1946/1947/1947
  • Splendid's 1948/1993/
  • The Balcony (Le Balcon) 1955/1956/1957. Complementary texts "How to Perform The Balcony" and "Note" published in 1962.
  • The Blacks (Les Nègres) 1955/1958/1959 (preface first published in Theatre Complet, Gallimard, 2002)
  • Her (Elle) 1955/1989
  • The Screens (Les Paravents) 1956-61/1961/1964
  • Le Bagne [French edition only] (1994)[3]

Sinema

  • Un Chant d'Amour (1950)
  • Les Rêves interdits, ou L'autre versant du rêve (Forbidden Dreams or The Other Side of Dreams) (1952). Used as a base for the script of Tony Richardson's film Mademoiselle, made in 1966.
  • Le Bagne (The Penal Colony). Written in the 1950s. Excerpt published in The Selected Writings of Jean Genet, The Ecco Press (1993).
  • La Nuit venue/Le Bleu de L'oeil (The Night Has Come/The Blue of the Eye) (1976–78). Excepts published in Les Nègres au port de la lune, Paris: Editions de la Différence (1988), and in The Cinema of Jean Genet, BFI Publishing (1991).
  • "Le Langage de la muraille: cent ans jour après jour" (The Language of the Walls: One Hundred Years Day after Day) (1970s). Unpublished.

Puisi

Terhimpun dalam Œuvres complètes (berbahasa Perancis) dan Treasures of the Night: Collected Poems by Jean Genet (berbahasa Inggris)
  • "The Man Sentenced to Death" ("Le Condamné à Mort") (written in 1942, first published in 1945)
  • "Funeral March" ("Marche Funebre") (1945)
  • "The Galley" ("La Galere") (1945)
  • "A Song of Love" ("Un Chant d'Amour") (1946)
  • "The Fisherman of the Suquet" ("Le Pecheur du Suquet") (1948)
  • "The Parade" ("La Parade")(1948)
Lainnya
  • "Poèmes Retrouvés". First published in Le condamné à mort et autres poèmes suivi de Le funambule, Gallimard

Spitzer, Mark, trans. 2010. The Genet Translations: Poetry and Posthumous Plays. Polemic Press. See www.sptzr.net/genet_translations.htm

Esei kesenian

Terhimpun dalam Fragments et autres textes, 1990 (Fragments of the Artwork, 2003)
  • "Jean Cocteau", Bruxelles: Empreintes, 1950)
  • "Fragments"
  • "The Studio of Alberto Giacometti" ("L'Atelier d'Alberto Giacomett") (1957).
  • "The Tightrope Walker" ("Le Funambule").
  • "Rembrandt's Secret" ("Le Secret de Rembrandt") (1958). First published in L'Express, September 1958.
  • "What Remains of a Rembrandt Torn Into Little Squares All the Same Size and Shot Down the Toilet" ("Ce qui est resté d'un Rembrandt déchiré en petits carrés"). First published in Tel Quel, April 1967.
  • "That Strange Word..." ("L'etrange Mot D'.").

Esei politik

Terhimpun dalam L'Ennemi déclaré: textes et entretiens (1991) – The Declared Enemy (2004)

1960s

  • "Interview with Madeleine Gobeil for Playboy", April 1964, pp. 45–55.
  • "Lenin's Mistresses" ("Les maîtresses de Lénine"), in Le Nouvel Observateur, n° 185, 30 May 1968.
  • "The members of the Assembly" ("Les membres de l’Assemblée nationale"), in Esquire, n° 70, November 1968.
  • "A Salute to a Hundred Thousand Stars" ("Un salut aux cent milles étoiles"), in Evergreen Review, December 1968.
  • "The Shepherds of Disorder" ("Les Pâtres du désordre"), in Pas à Pas, March 1969, pp. vi–vii.

1970s

  • "Yet Another Effort, Frenchman!" ("Français encore un effort"), in L’Idiot international, n° 4, 1970, p. 44.
  • "It seems Indecent for Me to Speak of Myself" ("Il me paraît indécent de parler de moi", Conference, Cambridge, 10 March 1970.
  • "Letter to American Intellectuals" ("Lettres aux intellectuels américains"), talk given at the University of Connecticut, 18 March 1970. first published as "Bobby Seale, the Black Panthers and Us White People", in Black Panther Newspaper, 28 March 1970.
  • Introduction, Preface to George Jackson's book, Soledad Brother, World Entertainers, New York, 1970.
  • May Day Speech, speech at New Haven, 1 mai 1970. San Francisco: City Light Books. Excerpts published as "J'Accuse" in Jeune Afrique, November 1970, and Les Nègres au port de la lune, Paris: Editions de la Différence, 1988.
  • "Jean Genet chez les Panthères noires", interview with Michèle Manceau, in Le Nouvel Observateur, n° 289, 25 May 1970.
  • "Angela and Her Brothers" ("Angela et ses frères"), in Le Nouvel Observateur, n° 303, 31 août 1970.
  • "Angela Davis is in your Clutches" ("Angela Davis est entre vos pattes"), text read 7 October 1970, broadcast on TV in the program L’Invité, 8 November 1970.
  • "Pour Georges Jackson", manifesto sent to French artists and intellectuals, July 1971.
  • "After the Assassination" ("Après l’assassinat"), written in 1971, published for the first time in 1991 in L’Ennemi déclaré: textes et entretiens.
  • "America is Afraid" ("L’Amérique a peur"), in Le Nouvel Observateur, n° 355, 1971. Later published as "The Americans kill off Blacks", in Black Panther Newspaper, 4 September 1971.
  • "The Palestinians" ("Les Palestiniens"), Commentary accompanying photographs by Bruno Barbey, published in Zoom, n° 4, 1971.
  • "The Black and the Red", in Black Panther Newspaper, 11 September 1971.
  • Preface to L’Assassinat de Georges Jackson, published in L’Intolérable, booklet by GIP, Paris, Gallimard, 10 November 1971.
  • "Meeting the Guaraní" ("Faites connaissance avec les Guaranis"), in Le Démocrate véronais, 2 juin 1972.
  • "On Two or Three books No One Has Ever Talked About" ("Sur deux ou trois livres dont personne n'a jamais parlé"), text read on 2 May 1974, for a radio program on France Culture. Published in L'Humanité as "Jean Genet et la condition des immigrés", 3 May 1974.
  • "When 'the worst is certain'" ("Quand 'le pire est toujours sûr'"), written in 1974, published for the first time in 1991 in L'Ennemi déclaré: textes et entretiens.
  • "Dying Under Giscard d'Estaing" ("Mourir sous Giscard d'Estaing"), in L'Humanité, 13 May 1974.
  • "And Why Not a Fool in Suspenders?" ("Et pourquoi pas la sottise en bretelle?"), in L'Humanité, 25 May 1974.
  • "The Women of Jebel Hussein" ("Les Femmes de Djebel Hussein"), in Le Monde diplomatique, 1 July 1974.
  • Interview with Hubert Fichte for Die Zeit, n° 8 February 13, 1976.
  • "The Tenacity of American Blacks" ("La Ténacité des Noirs américains"), in L'Humanité, 16 April 1977.
  • "Chartres Cathedral" ("Cathédrale de Chartres, vue cavalière"), in L'Humanité, 30 June 1977.
  • "Violence and Britality" ("Violence et brutalité"), in Le Monde, 2 September 1977. Also published as preface to Textes des prisonniers de la Fraction Armée rouge et dernières lettres d'Ulrike Meinhof, Maspero, Cahiers libres, Paris, 1977.
  • "Near Ajloun" ("Près d'Ajloun") in Per un Palestine, in a collection of writing in memory of Wael Zouateir, Mazzota, Milan, 1979.
  • "Interview with Tahar Ben Jelloun", Le Monde, November 1979.

1980s

  • Interview with Antoine Bourseiller (1981) and with Bertrand Poirot-Delpech (1982), distributed as a videocassetts in the series Témoin. Extracts published in Le Monde (1982) and Le Nouvel Observateur (1986).
  • "Four Hours in Shatila" ("Quatre heures à Chatila"), in Revue d'études palestiniennes, 1 January 1983.
  • Registration No. 1155 (N° Matricule 1155), text written for the catalogue of the exhibition La Rupture, Le Creusot, 1 March 1983.
  • Interview with Rudiger Wischenbart and Layla Shahid Barrada for Austrian Radio and the German daily Die Zeit. Published as "Une rencontre avec Jean Genet" in Revue d'études palestiniennes, Autome 1985.
  • Interview with Nigel Williams for BBC, 12 November 1985.
  • "The Brothers Karamazov" ("Les Frères Karamazov"), in La Nouvelle Revue Française, October 1986.
Other collected essays
  • "The Criminal Child" ("L'Enfant criminel"). Written in 1949, this text was commissioned by RTF (French radio) but was not broadcast due to its controversial nature. It was published in a limited edition in 1949 and later integrated into Volume 5 of Oeuvres Completes.
Uncollected
  • "What I like about the English is that They Are such Liars…", in Sunday Times, 1963, p. 11.
  • "Jean Genet chez les Panthères noires", interview with F.-M. Banier, in Le Monde, 23 October 1970.
  • "Un appel de M. Jean Genet en faveur des Noirs américains", in Le Monde, 15 October 1970.
  • "Jean Genet témoigne pour les Soledad Brothers", in La Nouvelle Critique, June 1971.
  • "The Palestinians" (Les Palestiniens), first published as "Shoun Palestine", Beyrouth, 1973. First English version published in Journal of Palestine Studies (Autumn, 1973). First French version ("Genet à Chatila") published by Actes Sud, Arles, 1994.
  • "Un héros littéraire: le défunt volubile", in La Nouvelle Critique, juin-juillet 1974 and Europe-Revue littéraire Mensuelle, Numéro spécial Jean Genet, n° 808–809 (1996).
  • "Entretien avec Angela Davis", in L’Unité, 23 mai 1975.
  • "Des esprits moins charitables que le mien pourraient croire déceler une piètre opération politique", in L’Humanité, 13 août 1975.
  • "L’art est le refuge", in Les Nègres au Port de la Lune, Paris: Editions de la Différence, 1988, pp. 99–103.
  • "Sainte Hosmose", in Magazine littéraire, Numéro spécial Jean Genet (n° 313), September 1993.
  • "Conférence de Stockholm", in L’Infini, n° 51 (1995).
  • "La trahison est une aventure spirituelle", in Le Monde, 12 July 1996, p. IV.
  • "Ouverture-éclair sur l´Amérique", in Europe-Revue littéraire Mensuelle, Numéro spécial Jean Genet, n° 808–809 (1996).
  • "Réponse à un questionnaire", in Europe-Revue littéraire Mensuelle, Numéro spécial Jean Genet, n° 808–809 (1996).

Korespondensi

Kumpulan
  • Lettre à Léonor Fini [Jean Genet's letter, 8 illustrations by Leonor Fini] (1950). Also collected in Fragments et autres textes, 1990 (Fragments of the Artwork, 2003)
  • Letters to Roger Blin ("Lettres à Roger Blin", 1966)
  • Lettres à Olga et Marc Barbezat (1988)
  • Chère Madame, 6 Brife aus Brünn [French and German bilingual edition] (1988). Excerpts reprinted in Genet, by Edmund White.
  • Lettres au petit Franz (2000)
  • Lettres à Ibis (2010)
Terhimpun dalam Théâtre Complet (Edisi Gallimard, 2002)
  • "Lettre a Jean-Jacques Pauvert", first published as preface to 1954 edition of Les Bonnes. Also in 'Fragments et autres textes, 1990 (Fragments of the Artwork, 2003)
  • "Lettres à Jean-Louis Barrault"
  • "Lettres à Roger Blin"
  • "Lettres à Antoine Bourseiller". In Du théâtre no1, July 1993
  • "Lettres à Bernard Frechtman"
  • "Lettres à Patrice Chéreau"
Terhimpun dalam Portrait d'Un Marginal Exemplaire
  • "Une lettre de Jean Genet" (to Jacques Derrida), in Les Lettres Françaises, 29 March 1972
  • "Lettre à Maurice Toesca", in Cinq Ans de patience, Emile Paul Editeur, 1975.
  • "Lettre au professeur Abdelkebir Khatibi", published in Figures de l'etranger, by Abdelkebir Khatibi, 1987.
  • "Letter à André Gide", in Essai de Chronologie 1910–1944 by A.Dichy and B.Fouche (1988)
  • "Letter to Sartre", in Genet (by Edmund White) (1993)
  • "Lettre à Laurent Boyer", in La Nouvelle Revue Francaise, 1996
  • "Brouillon de lettre a Vincent Auriel" (first published in Portrait d'Un Marginal Exemplaire
Tak terhimpun
  • "To a Would Be Producer", in Tulane Drama Review, n° 7, 1963, p. 80–81.
  • "Lettres à Roger Blin" and "Lettre a Jean-Kouis Barrault et Billets aux comediens, in La Bataille des Paravents, IMEC Editions, 1966
  • "Chere Ensemble", published in Les nègres au port de la lune, Paris : Editions de la Différence, 1988.
  • "Je ne peux pas le dire", letter to Bernard Frechtman (1960), excerpts published in Libération, 7 April 1988.
  • "Letter to Java, Letter to Allen Ginsberg", in Genet (by Edmund White) (1993)
  • "Lettre à Carole", in L'Infini, n° 51 (1995)
  • "Lettre à Costas Taktsis", published in Europe-Revue littéraire Mensuelle, Numéro spécial Jean Genet, n° 808–809 (1996)

Lihat pula

  • Jack Abbott (author), ex-convict and author, whose works address prison life (among other topics)
  • Seth Morgan, ex-convict and novelist, whose book addresses prison life and San Francisco's criminal counterculture

Referensi

Catatan

  1. ^ Contemporary Literary Criticism, Volume 45 By Daniel G. Marowski, Roger Matuz. Gale: 1987 ISBN 0-8103-4419-X pg 11
  2. ^ See Martin Esslin's book for one perspective on Genet's relationship both to Artaud's 'Theatre of Cruelty' and to Esslin's own Theatre of the Absurd. Not all critics agree that Artaud is Genet's most significant influence; both Bertolt Brecht and Luigi Pirandello have also been identified.
  3. ^ Spitzer, Mark, trans. 2010. The Genet Translations: Poetry and Posthumous Plays. Polemic Press. See www.sptzr.net/genet_translations.htm.

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