Kratom

Kratom
Klasifikasi ilmiah
Takson tak dikenal (perbaiki):	Mitragyna
Spesies:	Template:Taxonomy/MitragynaM. speciosa
Nama binomial
	Template:Taxonomy/MitragynaMitragyna speciosa; (Korth.) Havil.
Sinonim
	Nauclea korthalsii Steud. nom. inval.; Nauclea luzoniensis Blanco; Nauclea speciosa (Korth.) Miq.; Stephegyne speciosa Korth.;

Kratom atau juga dikenal dengan nama Biek atau Ketum adalah sejenis tumbuhan dari famili Rubiaceae yang banyak terdapat di Afrika, di bagian utara dan tengah Semenanjung Malaysia serta di selatan Thailand. Di Thailand, tumbuhan ini disebut Kakuam, Ithang atau Thom.Kratom mempunyai zat opioid dan berakibat seperti obat perangsang.^[2]^[3]

Referensi

^ Mitragyna speciosa (Korth.) Havil. is an accepted name . Theplantlist.org. Retrieved 2013-12-26.
^ Gottlieb, Scott (6 February 2018). "Statement from FDA Commissioner Scott Gottlieb, M.D., on the agency's scientific evidence on the presence of opioid compounds in kratom, underscoring its potential for abuse". US Food and Drug Administration. Diakses tanggal 6 February 2018.
^ Cinosi, E; Martinotti, G; Simonato, P; Singh, D; Demetrovics, Z; Roman-Urrestarazu, A; Bersani, F. S; Vicknasingam, B; Piazzon, G; Li, J. H; Yu, W. J; Kapitány-Fövény, M; Farkas, J; Di Giannantonio, M; Corazza, O (2015). "Following "the Roots" of Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa): The Evolution of an Enhancer from a Traditional Use to Increase Work and Productivity in Southeast Asia to a Recreational Psychoactive Drug in Western Countries". BioMed Research International. 2015: 1–11. doi:10.1155/2015/968786. PMC 4657101  . PMID 26640804.

[1] Mitragyna speciosa (Korth.) Havil. is an accepted name . Theplantlist.org. Retrieved 2013-12-26.

[FDA2018-2] Gottlieb, Scott (6 February 2018). "Statement from FDA Commissioner Scott Gottlieb, M.D., on the agency's scientific evidence on the presence of opioid compounds in kratom, underscoring its potential for abuse". US Food and Drug Administration. Diakses tanggal 6 February 2018.

[Cin2015-3] Cinosi, E; Martinotti, G; Simonato, P; Singh, D; Demetrovics, Z; Roman-Urrestarazu, A; Bersani, F. S; Vicknasingam, B; Piazzon, G; Li, J. H; Yu, W. J; Kapitány-Fövény, M; Farkas, J; Di Giannantonio, M; Corazza, O (2015). "Following "the Roots" of Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa): The Evolution of an Enhancer from a Traditional Use to Increase Work and Productivity in Southeast Asia to a Recreational Psychoactive Drug in Western Countries". BioMed Research International. 2015: 1–11. doi:10.1155/2015/968786. PMC 4657101  . PMID 26640804.

[2]

[3]

[1]