Seni cadas

Seni cadas (bahasa Inggris: rock art) adalah landscape art (seni bentangalam) berupa gambar, motif, atau desain yang terletak di alam seperti karang, gua (dinding maupun langit-langit), dan di hamparan tanah (Whitley. 2005). Lukisan purba merupakan fenomena di dalam dunia arkeologi yang terdapat di banyak tempat di dunia. Lukisan Purba terbagi atas beberapa bagian berdasarkan tempatnya, antara lain pictographs (melukis dan menggambar), petroglyps ( pengukir dan memahat), earth figures (lukisan bumi), beberapa arkeolog juga memasukkan terowongan dan alur yang dibuat manusia sebagai bagian dari lukisan purba.

Terminologi

Istilah "lukisan batu" (rock art) muncul dalam literatur yang diterbitkan pada awal tahun 1940-an.^[1]^[2] Lukisan batu juga dideskripsikan sebagai "pahatan batu",^[3] "gambaran batu",^[4] "ukiran batu",^[5] "prasasti batu",^[6] "lukisan batu" ^[7] "foto batu",^[8] "catatan batu"^[9] "ukiran batu".^[10]^[11] Di Indonesia, terkadang dikenal dengan istilah "lukisan (dinding) gua".

Pictographs

Pictographs adalah melukis atau menggambar dengan menggunakan bahan-bahan alam dan mineral alam. Warna merah biasanya paling sering digunakan, terbuat dari tanah yang berwarna kuning tua, warna hitam biasanya terbuat dari arang, namun sering juga terbuat dari mineral bumi seperti Magnesium. Warna putih terbuat dari batu kapur, lempung kaolit. Untuk warna-warna lain bisanya terbuat dari mineral lain dan tumbuh-tumbuhan.

Galeri

Pahatan Budha di Ili River, Kazakhstan

Referensi

^ E. Goodall, Proceedings and Transactions of the Rhodesian Scientific Association 41:57-62, 1946: "Domestic Animals in rock art"
^ E. Goodall, Proceedings and Transactions of the Rhodesian Scientific Association 42:69-74, 1949: "Notes on certain human representations in Rhodesian rock art"
^ H. M. Chadwick, Origin Eng. Nation xii. 306, 1907: "The rock-carvings at Tegneby"
^ H. A. Winkler, Rock-Drawings of Southern Upper Egypt I. 26, 1938: "The discovery of rock-drawings showing boats of a type foreign to Egypt."
^ H. G. Wells, Outl. Hist. I. xvii. 126/1, 1920: From rock engravings we may deduce the theory that the desert was crossed from oasis to oasis.
^ Deutsch, Rem. 177, 1874: "The long rock-inscription of Hamamât."
^ Encycl. Relig. & Ethics I. 822/2, 1908: "The rock-paintings are either stenciled or painted in outline."
^ Man No. 119. 178/2, 1939: "On one of the stalactite pillars was found a big round stone with traces of red paint on its surface, as used in the rock-pictures"
^ G. Moore, The Lost Tribes and the Saxons of the East, 1861, Title page: "with translations of Rock-Records in India."
^ Tylor, Early Hist. Man. v. 88, 1865, "and bush art or bushmen art."
^ Trust For African Rock Art, East Africa, common terminology, "Rock-sculptures may often be symbolic boundary marks."

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[1] E. Goodall, Proceedings and Transactions of the Rhodesian Scientific Association 41:57-62, 1946: "Domestic Animals in rock art"

[2] E. Goodall, Proceedings and Transactions of the Rhodesian Scientific Association 42:69-74, 1949: "Notes on certain human representations in Rhodesian rock art"

[3] H. M. Chadwick, Origin Eng. Nation xii. 306, 1907: "The rock-carvings at Tegneby"

[4] H. A. Winkler, Rock-Drawings of Southern Upper Egypt I. 26, 1938: "The discovery of rock-drawings showing boats of a type foreign to Egypt."

[5] H. G. Wells, Outl. Hist. I. xvii. 126/1, 1920: From rock engravings we may deduce the theory that the desert was crossed from oasis to oasis.

[6] Deutsch, Rem. 177, 1874: "The long rock-inscription of Hamamât."

[7] Encycl. Relig. & Ethics I. 822/2, 1908: "The rock-paintings are either stenciled or painted in outline."

[8] Man No. 119. 178/2, 1939: "On one of the stalactite pillars was found a big round stone with traces of red paint on its surface, as used in the rock-pictures"

[9] G. Moore, The Lost Tribes and the Saxons of the East, 1861, Title page: "with translations of Rock-Records in India."

[10] Tylor, Early Hist. Man. v. 88, 1865, "and bush art or bushmen art."

[11] Trust For African Rock Art, East Africa, common terminology, "Rock-sculptures may often be symbolic boundary marks."

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