Hans-Ulrich Rudel
Hans-Ulrich Rudel (2 Juli 1916 – 18 Desember 1982) adalah seorang pilot serangan darat Jerman pada Perang Dunia II. Rudel adalah perwira Jerman yang meraih penghargaan terbanyak pada Perang Dunia II, menjadi penerima tunggal Knight's Cross with Golden Oak Leaves, Swords, and Diamonds pada Januari 1945. Setelah perang, ia menjadi aktivis neo-Nazi berpengaruh di Amerika Latin dan Jerman Barat.
Hans-Ulrich Rudel | |
---|---|
Julukan | Adler der Ostfront ("Elang dari Front Timur")[1][2] |
Lahir | Konradswaldau, Kekaisaran Jerman | 2 Juli 1916
Meninggal | 18 Desember 1982 Rosenheim, Jerman Barat | (umur 66)
Dikebumikan | Dornhausen |
Pengabdian | Jerman Nazi |
Dinas/cabang | Luftwaffe |
Lama dinas | 1936–45 |
Pangkat | Oberst (kolonel) |
Kesatuan | StG 3, StG 2 |
Komandan | SG 2 |
Perang/pertempuran | Perang Dunia II |
Publikasi
sunting- Wir Frontsoldaten zur Wiederaufrüstung [We Frontline Soldiers and Our Opinion on the Rearmament of Germany] (dalam bahasa German). Buenos Aires, Argentina: Dürer-Verlag. 1951. OCLC 603587732.
- Dolchstoß oder Legende? [Daggerthrust or Legend?]. Schriftenreihe zur Gegenwart, Nr. 4 (dalam bahasa German). Buenos Aires, Argentina: Dürer-Verlag. 1951. OCLC 23669099.
- Es geht um das Reich [It is about the Reich]. Schriftenreihe zur Gegenwart, Nr. 6 (dalam bahasa German). Buenos Aires, Argentina: Dürer-Verlag. 1952. OCLC 48951914.
- Trotzdem [Nevertheless] (dalam bahasa German). Göttingen, Germany: Schütz. 1966 [1949]. OCLC 2362892.
- Stuka Pilot. Diterjemahkan oleh Hudson, Lynton. New York: Ballantine Books. 1958. OCLC 2362892.
- Hans-Ulrich Rudel—Aufzeichnungen eines Stukafliegers—Mein Kriegstagebuch [Hans-Ulrich Rudel—Notes by a Dive Bomber Pilot—My War Diary] (dalam bahasa German). Kiel, Germany: ARNDT-Verlag. 2001. ISBN 978-3-88741-039-1.
- Mein Leben in Krieg und Frieden [My life in war and peace] (dalam bahasa German). Rosenheim, Germany: Deutsche Verlagsgesellschaft. 1994. OCLC 34396545.
Referensi
suntingKutipan
sunting- ^ World War II Stuka pilots Diarsipkan 2019-11-22 di Wayback Machine. airforcemag.com.
- ^ Hans-Ulrich Rudel: Adler der Ostfront, 1971, National-Verlag, OBV Diarsipkan 2023-08-14 di Wayback Machine., DNB Diarsipkan 2023-08-14 di Wayback Machine., ISBN 978-3-920722-08-5
Daftar pustaka
sunting- Astor, Gerald (1986). The Last Nazi: Life and Times of Doctor Joseph Mengele. Weidenfeld. ISBN 978-0-297-78853-9.
- Benz, Wolfgang (2013). Handbuch des Antisemitismus [Handbook of Anti-Semitism] (dalam bahasa German). 6. Berlin, Germany: Walter de Gruyter Saur. ISBN 978-3-11-030535-7.
- Bergström, Christer; Mikhailov, Andrey (2000). Black Cross / Red Star Air War Over the Eastern Front, Volume I, Operation Barbarossa 1941. Pacifica, California: Pacifica Military History. ISBN 978-0-935553-48-2.
- Bergström, Christer; Dikov, Andrey; Antipov, Vlad; Sundin, Claes (2006). Black Cross / Red Star Air War Over the Eastern Front, Volume 3, Everything for Stalingrad. Hamilton MT: Eagle Editions. ISBN 978-0-9761034-4-8.
- Bergström, Christer (2007a). Barbarossa—The Air Battle: July–December 1941. Hersham, Surrey: Classic Publications. ISBN 978-1-85780-270-2.
- Bergström, Christer (2007b). Kursk—The Final Air Battle: July 1943. Hersham, Surrey: Classic Publications. ISBN 978-1-903223-88-8.
- Bergström, Christer (2008). Bagration to Berlin—The Final Air Battles in the East: 1944–1945. Burgess Hill: Classic Publications. ISBN 978-1-903223-91-8.
- Bourne, Merfyn (2013). The Second World War in the Air: The Story of Air Combat in Every Theatre of World War Two. Leicester: Troubador Publishing. ISBN 978-1-78088-441-7.
- Brütting, Georg (1992) [1976]. Das waren die deutschen Stuka-Asse 1939 – 1945 [These were the German Stuka Aces 1939 – 1945] (dalam bahasa German) (edisi ke-7th). Stuttgart, Germany: Motorbuch. ISBN 978-3-87943-433-6.
- Burkhardt, Peter (17 May 2010). "Jubel in Hörweite der Folterkammern" [Cheers within hearing distance of the torture chambers]. Süddeutsche Zeitung (dalam bahasa German). ISSN 0174-4917. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2021-03-09. Diakses tanggal 9 January 2016.
- Coram, Robert (2004). Boyd: The Fighter Pilot Who Changed the Art of War. Back Bay Books. ISBN 978-0-316-79688-0.
- Fellgiebel, Walther-Peer (2000) [1986]. Die Träger des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939–1945 — Die Inhaber der höchsten Auszeichnung des Zweiten Weltkrieges aller Wehrmachtteile [The Bearers of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939–1945 – The Owners of the Highest Award of the Second World War of all Wehrmacht Branches] (dalam bahasa German). Friedberg, Germany: Podzun-Pallas. ISBN 978-3-7909-0284-6.
- Fraschka, Günther (1994). Knights of the Reich. Atglen, Pennsylvania: Schiffer Military/Aviation History. ISBN 978-0-88740-580-8.
- Fröhlich, Claudia; Heinrich, Horst-Alfred (2004). Geschichtspolitik: Wer sind ihre Akteure, wer ihre Rezipienten? [Political History: Who are their Players, who their Recipients?] (dalam bahasa German). Stuttgart, Germany: Franz Steiner Verlag. ISBN 978-3-515-08246-4.
- Gessler, Philipp (20 June 2011). "Code-Name "Uranus"". Die Tageszeitung (dalam bahasa German). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2016-09-12. Diakses tanggal 5 January 2016.
- Goñi, Uki (2003) [2002]. The Real Odessa: How Perón Brought the Nazi War Criminals to Argentina. London, UK: Granta. ISBN 978-1-86207-552-8.
- Goodrick-Clarke, Nicholas (2002). Black Sun: Aryan Cults, Esoteric Nazism, and the Politics of Identity. New York: New York University Press. ISBN 978-0-8147-3155-0.
- Hamilton, Charles (1996). Leaders & Personalities of the Third Reich, Vol. 2. R. James Bender Publishing. ISBN 978-0-912138-66-4.
- Hammerschmidt, Peter (2014). Deckname Adler: Klaus Barbie und die westlichen Geheimdienste [Codename Eagle: Klaus Barbie and the Western Intelligence Agencies] (dalam bahasa German). Frankfurt am Main, Germany: S. Fischer. ISBN 978-3-10-029610-8.
- Just, Günther (1986). Stuka Pilot Hans Ulrich Rudel. Atglen, Pennsylvania: Schiffer Military History. ISBN 978-0-88740-252-4.
- Lee, Martin A. (1999). The Beast Reawakens: Fascism's Resurgence from Hitler's Spymasters to Today's Neo-Nazi Groups and Right-Wing Extremists. Routledge. ISBN 978-0415925464.
- Levy, Alan (2006) [1993]. Nazi Hunter: The Wiesenthal File (edisi ke-Revised 2002). London: Constable & Robinson. ISBN 978-1-84119-607-7.
- McLaughlin, Stephen (2003). Russian & Soviet Battleships. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-1-55750-481-4.
- Müller-Marein, Josef (27 August 1953). "Der Fall Rudel" [The Case Rudel]. Die Zeit (dalam bahasa German). ISSN 0044-2070. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2019-10-28. Diakses tanggal 21 December 2015.
- Murawski, Marek J. (2013). St.G 2 "Immelmann". Lublin, Poland: Kagero. ISBN 978-83-62878-51-2.
- Neitzel, Sönke (2005) (bahasa Jerman). "Rudel, Hans-Ulrich ". Di Neue Deutsche Biographie (NDB). 22. Berlin: Duncker & Humblot. pp. 160 et seq.. (full text online)
- Nipe, George M. (2011). Blood, Steel and Myth—The II. SS-Panzer-Korps and the road to Prochorowka, July 1943. Stamford, CT: RZM Publishing. ISBN 978-0-9748389-4-6.
- Obermaier, Ernst (1976). Die Ritterkreuzträger der Luftwaffe 1939–1945 Band II Stuka- und Schlachtflieger [The Knight's Cross Bearers of the Luftwaffe 1939–1945 Volume II Dive Bomber and Attack Aircraft] (dalam bahasa German). Mainz, Germany: Verlag Dieter Hoffmann. ISBN 978-3-87341-021-3.
- Patzwall, Klaus D. (2008). Der Ehrenpokal für besondere Leistung im Luftkrieg [The Honor Goblet for Outstanding Achievement in the Air War] (dalam bahasa German). Norderstedt, Germany: Verlag Klaus D. Patzwall. ISBN 978-3-931533-08-3.
- Patzwall, Klaus D.; Scherzer, Veit (2001). Das Deutsche Kreuz 1941 – 1945 Geschichte und Inhaber Band II [The German Cross 1941 – 1945 History and Recipients Volume 2] (dalam bahasa German). Norderstedt, Germany: Verlag Klaus D. Patzwall. ISBN 978-3-931533-45-8.
- Posner, Gerald L.; Ware, John (1986). Mengele: The Complete Story. New York: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0-07-050598-8.
- Rohwer, Jürgen (2005). Chronology of the War at Sea 1939–1945: The Naval History of World War Two (edisi ke-Third Revised). Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-1-59114-119-8.
- Saueier, Hans (1976). "Die Generäle von gestern". Die Zeit (dalam bahasa German). 46. ISSN 0044-2070. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2019-12-10. Diakses tanggal 17 December 2015.
- Scherzer, Veit (2007). Die Ritterkreuzträger 1939–1945 Die Inhaber des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939 von Heer, Luftwaffe, Kriegsmarine, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm sowie mit Deutschland verbündeter Streitkräfte nach den Unterlagen des Bundesarchives [The Knight's Cross Bearers 1939–1945 The Holders of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939 by Army, Air Force, Navy, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm and Allied Forces with Germany According to the Documents of the Federal Archives] (dalam bahasa German). Jena, Germany: Scherzers Militaer-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-938845-17-2.
- Scutts, Jerry (1999). P-47 Thunderbolt Aces of the Ninth and Fifteenth Air Forces. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-85532-906-5.
- Stockert, Peter (1997). Die Eichenlaubträger 1939–1945 Band 3 [The Oak Leaves Bearers 1939–1945 Volume 3] (dalam bahasa German). Bad Friedrichshall, Germany: Friedrichshaller Rundblick. ISBN 978-3-932915-01-7.
- Steinacher, Gerald (2011). Nazis on the Run: How Hitler's Henchmen Fled Justice. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-165377-3.
- Thomas, Franz (1998). Die Eichenlaubträger 1939–1945 Band 2: L–Z [The Oak Leaves Bearers 1939–1945 Volume 2: L–Z] (dalam bahasa German). Osnabrück, Germany: Biblio-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-7648-2300-9.
- Toland, John (1977) [1976]. Adolf Hitler. New York: Ballantine. ISBN 978-0-345-25899-1.
- Ward, John (2004). Hitler's Stuka Squadrons: The Ju 87 at War, 1936–1945. St. Paul, MN: MBI. ISBN 978-0-7603-1991-8.
- Weal, John (2003). Luftwaffe Schlachtgruppen. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84176-608-9.
- Weal, John (2012). Junkers Ju 87 Stukageschwader of the Russian Front. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-78200-530-8.
- Williamson, Gordon; Bujeiro, Ramiro (2004). Knight's Cross and Oak Leaves Recipients 1939–40. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84176-641-6.
- Wulffen, Bernd (2010). Deutsche Spuren in Argentinien—Zwei Jahrhunderte wechselvoller Beziehungen [German Traces in Argentina—Two Centuries of Eventful Relations]. Berlin, Germany: Ch. Links Verlag. ISBN 978-3-86153-573-7.
- "Wahl zum 2. Deutschen Bundestag am 6. September 1953" (dalam bahasa German). Bundeswahlleiter. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 29 January 2016. Diakses tanggal 6 January 2016.
- "Die Rudel-Affäre" [The Rudel-Scandal]. Bundeswehr (dalam bahasa German). 1 October 1976. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2016-06-16. Diakses tanggal 3 January 2015.
- "Hans Ulrich Rudel". Der Spiegel (dalam bahasa German) (48). 1950. ISSN 0038-7452. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2020-08-16. Diakses tanggal 17 August 2014.
- "Kampfflieger—Trotzdem zu spät" [Combat Flyer—Nevertheless, too late]. Der Spiegel (dalam bahasa German) (51). 1950. ISSN 0038-7452. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2021-02-28. Diakses tanggal 4 January 2016.
- "Ursula Rudel". Der Spiegel (dalam bahasa German) (13). 1951. ISSN 0038-7452. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2021-02-28. Diakses tanggal 27 December 2015.
- "Hans-Ulrich Rudel". Der Spiegel (dalam bahasa German) (52). 1982. ISSN 0038-7452. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2021-03-01. Diakses tanggal 7 January 2016.
- "Letzter Flug" [Last Flight]. Der Spiegel (dalam bahasa German) (1). 1983. ISSN 0038-7452. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2021-03-05. Diakses tanggal 4 December 2010.
- "Im Visier der Nazi-Jäger" [In the Focus of Nazi Hunters]. Der Spiegel (dalam bahasa German) (36). 2001. ISSN 0038-7452. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2020-10-22. Diakses tanggal 30 December 2015.
- Schulze-Marmeling, Dietrich (2 June 2008). "Ein Besuch bei alten Kameraden — Der Nazi Rudel kam 1978" [A Visit to old Comrades — The Nazi Rudel came in 1978]. Der Tagesspiegel (dalam bahasa German). ISSN 0941-9373. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2021-03-01. Diakses tanggal 6 January 2016.
- "WM-Anekdoten: Ein Jahrhundertspiel und ein Jahrhundertskandal" [WM Anecdotes: A Match of the Century and a Century Scandal]. Spiegel Online (dalam bahasa German). 2010-07-06. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2021-02-24. Diakses tanggal 18 August 2014.
- Zabecki, David T., ed. (2014). Germany at War: 400 Years of Military History. London: ABC-Clio. ISBN 978-1-59884-980-6.
Bacaan tambahan
sunting- Rees, Philip (1991). Biographical Dictionary of the Extreme Right Since 1890. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-13-089301-7.
- Tauber, Kurt P. (1967). Beyond Eagle and Swastika: German Nationalism Since 1945. Middletown, Connecticut: Wesleyan University Press. OCLC 407180.
Pranala luar
sunting- (Jerman) Hans-Ulrich Rudel dalam katalog Perpustakaan Nasional Jerman
- "Hans Rudel" (PDF). Central Intelligence Agency. Diarsipkan (PDF) dari versi asli tanggal 2016-03-04. Diakses tanggal 28 December 2015.
- "Dunkle Seite des Mondes" [Dark Side of the Moon]. Der Spiegel (dalam bahasa German) (12). 1992. ISSN 0038-7452. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2021-03-04. Diakses tanggal 30 December 2015.
- Kliping surat kabar tentang Hans-Ulrich Rudel di Arsip Pers Abad ke-20 dari Perpustakaan Ekonomi Nasional Jerman (ZBW)