Marrano

Informasi lebih lanjut: Anusim dan Converso

Marrano adalah Yahudi Spanyol dan Portugis yang tinggal di Semenanjung Iberia yang berpindah agama atau dipaksa pindah ke agama Kristen pada Abad Pertengahan, namun masih mempraktekkan agama Yahudi secara diam-diam. Istilah marrano dipakai pada 1492 dalam Dekrit Alhambra, yang melarang praktek agama Yahudi di Spanyol dan mewajibkan seluruh Yahudi yang tersisa untuk berpindah agama atau pergi, dengan alasan "Jika mereka tak menjadi Kristen yang baik, keturunan mereka akan demikian."

Marrano: Seder rahasia di Spanyol pada masa inkuisisi, sebuah lukisan tahun 1892 karya Moshe Maimon

Bacaan tambahan

• Cohen, Martin A. "Antonio Díaz De Cáceres: Marrano Adventurer in Colonial Mexico." American Jewish Historical Quarterly, vol. 60, no. 2, 1970, pp. 169–184., JSTOR 23877946.
• Cohen, Martin A. "Toward a New Comprehension of the Marranos." In Hispania Judaica: Studies on the History, Language, and Literature of the Jews in the Hispanic World. Vol. I: History, edited by Josep M. Solà-Solé, Samuel G. Armistead, and Joseph H. Silverman, 23–35. Barcelona: Puvil-Editor, 1980.
• Escobar Quevedo, Ricardo. Inquisición y judaizantes en América española (siglos XVI-XVII). Bogota: Editorial Universidad de Rosario, 2008.
• Netanyahu, Benzion. The Marranos of Spain: From the Late 14th to the Early 16th Century, According to Contemporary Hebrew Sources [1966], 3rd ed. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1999.
• Poliakov, Leon. The History of Anti-Semitism, vol. 2: From Mohammed to the Marranos. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2003.
• Révah, I.S. "Les marranes." Revue des études juives 118 (1959–60): 29–77.
• Roth, Cecil. "The Religion of the Marranos," The Jewish Quarterly Review 22 (1931): 1–33. DOI:10.2307/1451908. JSTOR 1451908
• Rowland, Robert. "New Christian, Marrano, Jew." In The Jews and the Expansion of Europe to the West, 1450–1800, edited by Paolo Bernardini and Norman Fiering, 125–148. New York: Berghahn Books, 2001.
• Saraiva, António José. The Marrano Factory: The Portuguese Inquisition and Its New Christians, 1536–1765 [1956], trans. H.P. Salomon and I.S.D. Sassoon. Leiden: Brill, 2001.
• Simms, Norman. Masks in the Mirror: Marranism in the Jewish Experience. New York: Peter Lang, 2006.
• Wachtel, Nathan. The Faith of Remembrance: Marrano Labyrinths [2001], trans. Nikki Halpern. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2013.
• Yerushalmi, Yosef Hayim. From Spanish Court to Italian Ghetto. Isaac Cardoso: A Study in Seventeenth-Century Marranism and Jewish Apologetics. New York: Columbia University Press, 1971.
• Yovel, Yirmiyahu. The Other Within: The Marranos: Split Identity and Emerging Modernity. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2009.
• Yovel, Yirmiyahu. Spinoza and Other Heretics, vol. 1: The Marrano of Reason. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1989.

Referensi

Daftar pustaka

• Damião de Góis (1567), in Chronica do Felicissimo Rey D. Emanuel da Gloriosa Memória
• Roth, Cecil; Roth, Irene (1974), A history of the Marranos (edisi ke-4th), New York: Sepher-Hermon Press, ISBN 0-87203-040-7 .
• Roth, Cecil (1961), A history of the Jews, New York: Schocken Books .
• Diesendruck, Arnold (2002), Os Marranos em Portugal, São Paulo: Editora & Livraria Sêfer, ISBN 85-85583-36-3 .

Karakterisasi fiksi

• Richard Zimler, The Last Kabbalist of Lisbon, The Overlook Press, ISBN 9781585670222
• Richard Zimler, Hunting Midnight, Delacorte, ISBN 9780385336444
• Richard Zimler, Guardian of the Dawn, Constable & Robinson, ISBN 9781845290917
• Antonio Muñoz Molina,Sepharad, Harvest Books, ISBN 9780156034746
• David Liss, The Coffee Trader, Abacus, ISBN 978-0349115009

Pranala luar

• The Jewish Story – Marranos
• Descendants of Marranos arrive in Israel
• A history of the Marranos, by Cecil Roth