Richard Hartshorne
Richard Hartshorne (12 Desember 1899 – 5 November 1992) adalah ahli geografi terkemuka Amerika Serikat. Ia lulus sarjana di Universitas Princeton (1920) dan doktor di Universitas Chicago (1924), lalu mengajar di Universitas Minnesota (1924–40) dan Universitas Wisconsin (1945–70), dengan jeda perang (1941–45) untuk mendirikan dan menjalankan Divisi Geografi cabang Riset dan Analisis pada Office of Strategic Services (Dinas Layanan Strategis Amerika Serikat).[1]
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| Biografi | |
|---|---|
| Kelahiran | 12 Desember 1899 Kittanning |
| Kematian | 5 November 1992 (92 tahun) Madison |
| Data pribadi | |
| Pendidikan | Universitas Chicago Universitas Princeton |
| Kegiatan | |
| Pekerjaan | ahli geografi, dosen |
| Bekerja di | Universitas Wisconsin–Madison Universitas Minnesota |
| Keluarga | |
| Saudara | Charles Hartshorne (en)  |
| Kerabat | Anna Cope Hartshorne (sepupu) |
Penghargaan
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Ia merupakan bagian dari debat utama geografi pada tahun 1950-an. Fred K. Schaefer menyerukan penerapan "metode ilmiah" dan studi hukum keruangan dan mengkritik "metode lama", yang dikenalkan Hartshorne sebagai 'ortodoksi Hartshornian'.
Ia meninggal karena kanker di rumahnya di Madison, Wisconsin.[2][3] Di antara saudaranya yang terkenal adalah filsuf Amerika, Charles Hartshorne.
Jabatan dan Penghargaan
sunting- Presiden Asosiasi Ahli Geografi Amerika Serikat tahun 1949.
- Doctor Hukum (honoris causa) dari Clark University, 17 April 1971.
- Medali Victoria dari Royal Geographical Society tahun 1984.
Buku
sunting- The Nature of Geography: A Critical Survey of Current Thought in the Light of the Past, 1939.
- Perspective on the Nature of Geography, 1959.
- The Academic Citizen: Selected Statements by Richard Hartshorne dengan pengantar dan catatan oleh Mark Hoyt Ingraham
Artikel
sunting- "Location as a Factor in Geography", Annals of the Association of American Geographers, Vol. 17, No. 2 (Jun., 1927), pp. 92–99
- "Geographic and Political Boundaries in Upper Silesia", Annals of the Association of American Geographers, Vol. 23, No. 4 (Dec., 1933), pp. 195–228.
- (and Samuel N. Dicken) "A Classification of the Agricultural Regions of Europe and North America on a Uniform Statistical Basis", Annals of the Association of American Geographers, Vol. 25, No. 2 (Jun., 1935), pp. 99–120.
- "Recent Developments in Political Geography, I", The American Political Science Review, Vol. 29, No. 5 (Oct., 1935), pp. 785–804.
- "Recent Developments in Political Geography, II", The American Political Science Review, Vol. 29, No. 6 (Dec., 1935), pp. 943–966.
- "Six Standard Seasons of the Year", Annals of the Association of American Geographers, Vol. 28, No. 3 (Sep., 1938), pp. 165–178.
- "The Concepts of 'Raison d'Être' and 'Maturity' of States; Illustrated from the Mid-Danube Area", Annals of the Association of American Geographers, vol. 30, pp. 59–60; 1940.
- "The Politico-Geographic Pattern of the World", Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 218, Public Policy in a World at War (Nov., 1941), pp. 45–57.
- "The Concept of Geography as a Science of Space, from Kant and Humboldt to Hettner", Annals of the Association of American Geographers, Vol. 48, No. 2 (Jun., 1958), pp. 97–108.
- "Political Geography in the Modern World", The Journal of Conflict Resolution, Vol. 4, No. 1, The Geography of Conflict (Mar., 1960), pp. 52–66.
Referensi
sunting- ^ McMaster, Robert and McMaster, Susanna, "A History of Twentieth-Century American Academic Cartography" in Cartography and Geographic Information Science, v.29, n. 3, July, 2002, American Congress on Surveying and Mapping, Gaithersburg, MD. U of Wisconsin PDF Eprint Diarsipkan 2006-10-20 di Wayback Machine.
- ^ New York Times Obituary, "Richard Hartshorne; Geographer Was 92", November 10, 1992, Eprint
- ^ Martin, Geoffrey J., "In Memoriam: Richard Hartshorne, 1899-1992", Annals of the Association of American Geographers, Vol. 84, No. 3 (Sep., 1994), pp. 480-492, JSTOR