Kerajaan Hungaria (1920–1946)
Kerajaan Hungaria (Bahasa Hungaria: Magyar Királyság), dikenal juga sebagai Regency, yang muncul di peta Eropa pada 1920 sampai 1946 sebagai negara de facto dibawah naungan Admiral Miklós Horthy. Horthy officially represented the Hungarian monarchy of Charles IV, Apostolic King of Hungary. Attempts by Charles IV to return to the throne were prevented by threats of war from neighbouring countries and by the lack of support from Horthy (see the conflict of Charles IV with Miklós Horthy).
Kerajaan Hongaria Magyar Királyság | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1920–1946 | |||||||
.svg) Bendera negara
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Semboyan: "Regnum Mariae Patrona Hungariae" [butuh rujukan] | |||||||
.svg) Peta Kerajaan Hongaria tahun 1942 | |||||||
| Ibu kota | Budapest | ||||||
| Bahasa yang umum digunakan | Hongaria | ||||||
| Agama | Katolik Roma, Calvinisme, Lutheranisme, Orthodox Timur, Unitarianisme, Yahudi | ||||||
| Pemerintahan | Regency | ||||||
| Raja | |||||||
• 1920–1946 | Jabatan lowong | ||||||
| Kepala Negara | |||||||
• 1920–1944 | Miklós Horthy | ||||||
• 1944–1945 | Ferenc Szálasi | ||||||
• 1945–1946 | Majelis Tinggi Nasional | ||||||
| Perdana Menteri | |||||||
• 1920 | Sándor Simonyi-Semadam | ||||||
• 1945–1946 | Zoltán Tildy | ||||||
| Legislatif | Diet | ||||||
- Upper | Felsőház | ||||||
- Representatif | Képviselőház | ||||||
| Era Sejarah | Periode antar perang | ||||||
• Didirikan | 1 Maret 1920 | ||||||
• Perjanjian Trianon | 15 Oktober 1944 | ||||||
• Penghapusan monarki | 1 Februari 1946 | ||||||
| Mata uang | Korona Hongaria (1920-1927) Pengő Hongaria (1927-1946) | ||||||
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.svg)
Kingdom of Hungary Magyar Királyság | |
|---|---|
| 1920–1946 | |
Bendera
.svg) Lambang
| |
Extent of the Kingdom of Hungary in 1942. | |
| Ibu kota | Budapest |
| Bahasa yang umum digunakan | Hungarian (official) · German · Romanian · Rusyn · Slovak · Croatian · Serbian · Slovene · Carpathian Romani · Mideastern Yiddish |
| Agama | Roman Catholicism · Calvinism · Lutheranism · Eastern Orthodoxy · Eastern Catholicism · Unitarianism · Judaism |
| Pemerintahan | Authoritarian regency (1920–1944) Agrarian fascist one-party state (1944–1945) |
| King | |
• 1920–1946 | Vacant a |
| Head of State | |
• 1920–1944 | Miklós Horthyb |
• 1944–1945 | Ferenc Szálasic |
• 1945–1946 | High National Councild |
| Prime Minister | |
• 1920 (first) | Károly Huszár |
• 1945–1946 (last) | Zoltán Tildy |
| Legislatif | Diet |
- Upper | Felsőház |
- Representatives | Képviselőház |
| Era Sejarah | Interwar · World War II |
• Monarchy restored | 29 February[2] 1920 |
| 4 June 1920 | |
| 2 November 1938 | |
| 30 August 1940 | |
| 16 October 1944 | |
• Monarchy abolished | 1 February 1946 |
| Luas | |
| 1920[3] | 92.833 km2 (35.843 sq mi) |
| 1930[4] | 93.073 km2 (35.936 sq mi) |
| 1941[5] | 172.149 km2 (66.467 sq mi) |
| Populasi | |
• 1920[3] | 7980143 |
• 1930[4] | 8688319 |
• 1941[5] | 14669100 |
| Mata uang | Hungarian korona (1920–1927) Hungarian pengő (1927–1946) |
| Sekarang bagian dari |  Kroasia Hungaria Rumania Serbia Slowakia Slovenia Ukraina |
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The country has been regarded by some historians to have been a client state of Germany from 1938 to 1944.[6] The Kingdom of Hungary under Horthy was an Axis Power during most of World War II. In 1944, after Horthy's government considered leaving the war, Hungary was occupied by Nazi Germany and Horthy was deposed. The Arrow Cross Party's leader Ferenc Szálasi established a new Nazi-backed government, effectively turning Hungary into a German puppet state.
After World War II, Hungary fell within the Soviet Union's sphere of interest. In 1946, the Second Hungarian Republic was established under Soviet influence. In 1949, the communist Hungarian People's Republic was founded.
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- ^ Adeleye, Gabriel G. (1999). World Dictionary of Foreign Expressions. Ed. Thomas J. Sienkewicz and James T. McDonough, Jr. Wauconda, IL: Bolchazy-Carducci Publishers, Inc. ISBN 0-86516-422-3.
- ^ Dr. Térfy, Gyula, ed. (1921). "1920. évi I. törvénycikk az alkotmányosság helyreállításáról és az állami főhatalom gyakorlásának ideiglenes rendezéséről.". Magyar törvénytár (Corpus Juris Hungarici): 1920. évi törvénycikkek (dalam bahasa Hungarian). Budapest: Révai Testvérek Irodalmi Intézet Részvénytársaság. hlm. 3.
- ^ Kollega Tarsoly, István, ed. (1995). "Magyarország". Révai nagy lexikona (dalam bahasa Hungarian). Volume 20. Budapest: Hasonmás Kiadó. hlm. 595–597. ISBN 963-8318-70-8.
- ^ Kollega Tarsoly, István, ed. (1996). "Magyarország". Révai nagy lexikona (dalam bahasa Hungarian). Volume 21. Budapest: Hasonmás Kiadó. hlm. 572. ISBN 963-9015-02-4.
- ^ Élesztős László; et al., ed. (2004). "Magyarország". Révai új lexikona (dalam bahasa Hungarian). Volume 13. Budapest: Hasonmás Kiadó. hlm. 882, 895. ISBN 963-9556-13-0.
- ^ Seamus Dunn, T.G. Fraser. Europe and Ethnicity: The First World War and Contemporary Ethnic Conflict. Routledge, 1996. P97.