Universitas Zhejiang
Zhejiang University (ZJU, juga dikenal sebagai Universitas Che Kiang; Hanzi sederhana: 浙江大学; Hanzi tradisional: 浙江大學; Pinyin: Zhèjiāng Dàxué; Wade–Giles: Che-chiang-ta-hsüeh), atau disingkat sebagai Zheda, adalah di Tiongkok. Didirikan pada tahun 1897, Universitas Zhejiang adalah salah satu lembaga pendidikan tinggi tertua, selektif dan paling bergengsi di antara lembaga-lembaga pendidikan tinggi lain di Tiongkok. Universitas Zhejiang adalah anggota dari C9 League, Aliansi Universitas Delta Sungai Yangtze dan APRU.
Kampus utama universitas ini terletak di kota Hangzhou, sekitar 112 mil (180 km) barat daya dari Shanghai. Perpustakaan Universitas Zhejiang memiliki koleksi sekitar 7 juta volume,[1] yang menjadikannya salah satu perpustakaan akademik yang terbesar di Tiongkok.[2]
Sejarah
Dinasti QIng
Pada 1897, Lin Qi (Hanzi sederhana: 林启; Hanzi tradisional: 林啓; Pinyin: Lín Qǐ; Wade–Giles: Lin Ch'i), dalam kapasitasnya sebagai walikota Hangzhou, mendirikan "Akademi Qiushi" (Hanzi sederhana: 求是书院; Hanzi tradisional: 求是書院; Pinyin: Qiúshì Shūyuàn; Wade–Giles: Ch'iu-shih-shu-yüan).[3] Lin mempelajari sistem pendidikan Barat dan menerapkannya pada Akademi Qiushi. Akademi Qiushi berganti nama menjadi Akademi Zhejiang pada tahun 1902, dan menjadi Perguruan Tinggi Lanjutan Zhejiang pada tahun1903.
Lembaga lain yang turut berperan dalam sejarah awal dari Universitas Zhejiang adalah Yuying Xuetang (Sekolah Yuying atau Perguruan Tinggi Yuying), yang didirikan pada tahun 1902. Sekolah ini berganti nama menjadi Yuying Yishu (Sekolah Umum Yuying), dan kemudian untuk AkademiYuying. Pada tahun 1911, Akademi Yuying menjadi Zhijiang Xuetang (Perguruan Tinggi Zhijiang) dan pindah ke Bukit Qinwang (秦望山), di luar kota Hangzhou.
1912-1937
Pada tahun 1912, Sekolah Kedokteran Zhejiang didirikan. Sekolah ini kemudian berkembang menjadi Sekolah Kedokteran Pronvisial Zhejiang, cikal bakal dari Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Zhejiang.
Pada tahun 1927, beberapa sekolah dan perguruan tinggi (antara lain sekolah industri dan pertanian) bergabung dengan Akademi Qiushi, dan berganti nama menjadi "Universitas Nasional Ketiga Sun Zhongshan" (atau,Universitas Nasional Ketiga Sun Yat-sen), untuk menghormati Presiden Republik Tiongkok pertama, Sun Yat-sen. Pada 1 April 1928, universitas ini kembali berganti nama menjadi "Universitas Che Kiang" (atau Pinyin: Universitas Zhejiang). Pada tahun yang sama, "Nasional" ditambahkan dan itu menjadi "Universitas Nasional Che Kiang" (Hanzi sederhana: 国立浙江大学; Hanzi tradisional: 國立浙江大學; Pinyin: Guólì Zhèjiāng Dàxué).
Periode Perang, 1937-1949
Pada tahun 1937, the Second Sino-Japanese War broke out. Due to the attack from Japanese army, the university had to move out of Hangzhou to Guizhou until 1946, after the war ended.
Reputed as "Cambridge of the East" by Joseph Needham (twice visited ZJU in 1944) in China's modern history of higher education, National Che Kiang University's was consistently ranked as among top 3 in the nation during that time.
During this period, the National Che Kiang University was praised as one of the Four most Prominent Universities in the Republic China (Chinese: 民国四大名校), along with National Central University, National Southwestern Associated University and National Wuhan University.
1952–1998
Zhejiang University was split up into a number of single-discipline colleges during the 1952 readjustment of China's Tertiary Education System. Its schools of arts and sciences either went to former Hangzhou University orj joined with Fudan University. Its medical and pharmaceutical schools formed Zhejiang Medical University. Its agricultural and horticultural schools went to establish Zhejiang Agricultural University.
1952~1953, Its chemical engineering departments and some the other technological parts went to former Hangzhou Chemical Engineering School (now Zhejiang University of Technology, ZJUT). And the dean Li Shouheng, who was one of the main founders of China's modern chemical engineering, was pointed to be the first president of ZJUT.
After 1998
In 1998, with the approval of the State Council, the new Zhejiang University was established as a combination of four major universities that had grown up in Hangzhou over the previous half-century, namely Zhejiang University, Hangzhou University, Zhejiang Agricultural University and Zhejiang Medical University.
On September 21, 2006, Chinese billionaires Duan Yongping (Zhejiang University alumnus) and Ding Lei (Zhejiang native) donated together a one-time endowment of 40 million US dollars to Zhejiang University. 30 million USD was from Duan with 10 million from Ding. It was the largest private one-off endowment to a university in Mainland China.[4] A ceremony was held at the newly founded Zijin'gang Campus to receive the donation.[5]
Academics
Zhejiang University is a comprehensive research university with national and international impact. Research at Zhejiang University spans 12 academic disciplines: agriculture, art, economics, education, engineering, history, law, literature, management, medicine, natural sciences, and philosophy. In the Essential Science Indicator (ESI) rankings of 22 disciplines, Zhejiang University ranks among the top 1% in 15 disciplines,and is listed in the top 100 of the world’s academic institutions in 4 disciplines.
Among its approximate 3,100 standing faculty members, more than 1,200 faculty members hold the title of professor. The faculty includes: 14 members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 13 members of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, 48 scholars in the national Recruitment Program of Global Experts, 20 chief scientists of national 973 projects, 81 Changjiang (Yangtze River) Award winners, and 88 recipients of the awards from the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars. With five campuses, namely Zijin'gang, Yuquan, Xixi, Huajiachi and Zhijiang campuses, Zhejiang University encompasses an area of 4.5 square kilometers with school buildings covering 1.94 million square meters of floor space. The university library holds a collection of more than 6.27 million volumes. In addition, Zhejiang University has 7 high-level affiliated hospitals.
Student body
At present, there are a total of 45,678 full-time students enrolled at Zhejiang University, including 22,376 graduate students, 8577 kandidat doktoral, and 23,302 mahasiswa program sarjana. In addition, there are 3,407 international students currently attending Zhejiang University.
Rankings
Zhejiang University is consistently ranked among China's top universities.[6][7]
Campuses
Kampus Yuquan (Tionghoa: 玉泉校区)
The main campus of engineering. It was the main campus of Zhejiang University until Zijin'gang Campus was built in 2002.
Kampus Xixi (Tionghoa: 西溪校区)
Kampus seni dan ilmu pengetahuan. Sebelumnya bagian dari Universitas Hangzhou. Bergabung dengan Zhejiang University pada tahun 1998.
Kampus Huajiachi (Tionghoa: 华家池校区)
The campus of agriculture. It was previously Zhejiang Agricultural University before it's merged into Zhejiang University, and also where the old Huajiachi Campus of "National Che Kiang University" located. This campus has been the oldest one of Zhejiang University.
Bagian dari itu telah dijual, dan Perguruan tinggi Pertanian dan Bioteknologi dan College of Animal Sciences telah pindah ke Zijin'gang Kampus.
Kampus Zhijiang (Tionghoa: 之江校区)
Kampus lama dan matematika yang berkaitan dengan ilmu-ilmu teoritis, saat ini bagian utama dari yang Guanghua Sekolah Hukum. Itu kampus Zhijiang Universitas sebelum tahun 1952.
Kampus Zijin'gang (Hanzi: 紫金港校区)
New and the biggest campus, the headquarters, campus of the school, located in the northwest of Hangzhou. Most of the first year and second year undergraduate students live in this campus.
Kampus Zhoushan (Tionghoa: 舟山校区)
Kampus baru dibuka di 2015, kantor, kampus Ocean College, yang terletak di Zhoushan, 200 km jauh dari Hangzhou.[8]
Organization
Di bawah administrasi langsung dari Departemen Pendidikan Tiongkok, Universitas Zhejiang adalah salah satu universitas komprehensif yang mencakup sebelas cabang pembalajaran utama di bidang studi filsafat, sastra, sejarah, pendidikan, ilmu pengetahuan alam, ekonomi, hukum, manajemen, teknik, pertanian, dan MBBS.[9] Universitas ini sekarang memiliki 110 spesialisasi untuk program studi sarjana, dan dapat memberikan 264 gelar master dan 181 gelar doktor di berbagai program. Universitas ini juga mencakup 13 Laboratorium Utama Nasional, 2 Pusat Penelitian dan Rekayasa Nasional, dan 3 Pusat Teknologi Nasional . Selain itu, universitas ini tengah menyiapkan 24 program spesialisasi dan 39 program pasca-doktoral.
Affiliated institutes
- Zhejiang California International NanoSystems Institute (ZCNI)
Affiliated hospitals
Zhejiang University memiliki enam rumah sakit afiliasi
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital (donated by Sir Run Run Shaw)
- The Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine
- The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine
- Zhejiang Stomatology Hospital (also named Zhejiang University Affiliated Stomatology Hospital)
Affiliated colleges
- Zhejiang University City College (Hangzhou)
- Ningbo Institute of Technology, Universitas Zhejiang (Ningbo)
- Pioneer Junior College (Singapore)
Lain-lain
- High-tech park of Zhejiang University in Hangzhou
- High-tech park of Zhejiang University in Ningbo
- Botanical Garden of Zhejiang University
Referensi
- ^ 搜狐网 – 高校门户网 – 浙江大学 Diarsipkan 20080511233036 di daxue.learning.sohu.com Galat: URL arsip tidak dikenalWayback Machine.
- ^ Libraries in China
- ^ "History of Zhejiang University".
- ^ NetEase.com News Center: 网易新闻中心：段永平、丁磊4000万美元捐赠浙江大学 (Duan Yongping and Ding Lei donates 40 million US dollar to Zhejiang University)
- ^ Mr. Yongping Duan and Mr. Lei Ding Donated 40 Million US Dollars[pranala nonaktif]
- ^ Wu, Shulian. "Top 10 Chinese universities in overall strength". China.org.
- ^ University Rankings Summary: Zhejiang University
- ^ "浙江大学舟山校区". Diakses tanggal 29 December 2015.
- ^ "Zhejiang University". CUCAS. Diakses tanggal 24 August 2015.
Pranala Luar
- Zhejiang University Home Page (English)